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1.
以姚江大闸和武障河闸为例,对河口水域建闸后的闸下淤积的机理进行了研究。通过应用二维悬沙模型的模拟计算,分析了数学模型在模拟近闸段的淤积时存在的缺陷,对产生问题的原因进行了初步探讨。由于闸下淤积问题存在明显的时空性和区域性特征,应积极研究解决措施。 相似文献
2.
The Schelde estuary is heavily polluted with many different (micro)pollutants. This results in high concentrations in the abiotic and biotic compartments of the Schelde estuary and in various effects. the present day suboxic and anoxic conditions in the upper estuary are probably responsible for the high distribution coefficients for some trace metals in the lower Schelde estuary (Western Schelde). a future reduction in discharges with a high biological oxygen demand will therefore not only result in higher oxygen concentrations, but probably also in lower distribution coefficients for trace metals in the Western Schelde. Simulations show that lower trace metal distribution coefficients will probably result in higher concentrations of dissolved (bioavailable) trace metals, even with substantially reduced discharge rates, due to the desorption of trace metals from resuspended bottom sediments. 相似文献
3.
为了解大渡河沙湾至乐山段安谷水电站建设过程中浮游动物群落变化,于施工期2013-2014年和运行期2015-2016年的每年春、秋两季对主河道、左侧河网及支流浮游动物群落进行监测。结果显示,2013-2016年调查共鉴定出浮游动物263种,优势种为12种属,旋轮虫属(Philodina)为施工期、运行期共有优势种属。浮游动物平均密度为658.55个/L,平均生物量为0.1102 mg/L;施工期和运行期浮游动物密度和生物量差异不显著,春季平均密度最高值出现在2014年(621.15个/L),秋季平均密度最高值出现在2015年(674.19个/L),2013年春、秋季的生物量均为最高(0.1324 mg/L、0.1070 mg/L),浮游动物密度和生物量在季节分布上差异不大。在空间分布上,支流高于主河道、左侧河网、岷江。施工期、运行期浮游动物密度、生物量与环境因子溶解氧(DO)、流速(V)呈负相关,与水温(WT)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、硝氮(NO3--N)、总氮(TN)、磷酸盐(H3 相似文献
4.
珠江河口重金属镉的含量与分布的季节特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对珠江河口水体、沉积物和生物体中重金属镉(Cd)的含量与分布进行调查研究,结果表明,水体中Cd含量范围在0.022~0.047 1 mg/L,并且Cd含量在时间上由高到低依次为:2月、5月、11月、8月,2月Cd含量显著高于5月、8月和11月(P<0.05).以海水水质标准衡量,珠江河口水体2008年中大部分时间为海水二类水质.沉积物中Cd含量范围在5.062~9.239 mg/kg,平均含量为6.974 me/kg,并且沉积物中Cd含量均超过海洋沉积物3类标准.与国内外河口比较,珠江河口沉积物中Cd含量处在较高水平,污染比较严重,并且有逐年升高的趋势.生物体中Cd含量范围在0.144~0.430 mg/kg,鱼类Cd含量均超过国家水产品卫生标准,并且肉食性鱼类Cd含量略高于杂食性鱼类,但差异不显著(P>0.05).与往年调查进行比较发现,珠江河口鱼类Cd含量2000年较1988年有大幅增加,并且2000年以后增加也比较明显. 相似文献
5.
R. A. Cunjak 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》1992,1(1):26-34
Abstract– The diet composition, movcments and growth of Atlantic salmon parr rearing in the estuary of Western Arm Brook, Newfoundland were compared with those of parr from riverine habitats over 2 years. Estuarine parr consumed a variety of prey, including many freshwater taxa (mainly insects), which indicated a dependence on freshwater drift from the river. Prey of estuarine origin (amphipods and sticklebacks) were increasingly consumed between spring and autumn. Prey volume per fish and number of prey per fish increased significantly for estuarine parr between spring and autumn, suggesting an improvement in food availability. Riverine parr, however, realized a general decrease in both parameters between spring and autumn. The recapture of 16% ( n = 131) of the 829 parr marked in the estuary in 1987 and 1988 indicated a directed movement toward the head of the estuary and river mouth, as also suggested by the diet analysis. Parr from outer estuary sites were very mobile compared with parr from the estuary site closest to the river mouth, which behaved more like parr in the river proper in displaying strong site fidelity. Movement patterns of parr were primarily along the shoreline. Individual growth rates were highly variable in both environments but especially in the estuary. The mean growth of estuarine parr was 0.23 mm. d−1 between May and October with some evidence of fastest growth having occurred in late spring and early summer (approx. 0.4 mm. d−1 ); mean growth rate of riverine parr was slower, at 0.12 mm. d−1 . The results are discussed in the context that estuarine rearing by salmon parr represents an alternative life-history tactic for the species in river systems in eastern Canada. 相似文献
6.
Growth and mortality of sibling triploid and diploid Sydney rock oysters, grown at two tidal heights, three stocking densities and three different sites on the Camden Haven River estuary, were compared. Triploids grew faster than diploids. The majority of the growth rate difference occurred after the oysters reached 2 years of age. By 3.2 years, triploids were 49% heavier than diploids. Oysters grown intertidally were larger than those grown subtidally. Oysters stocked at the lightest density of 2 L per basket grew to a significantly larger size than baskets stocked at 3 or 4 L. Growth rates were significantly different at the three sites. Growth was reduced the further the oysters were from the mouth of the estuary. There was no significant difference in mortality between ploidy level, but there were differences between tidal heights, stocking densities and sites. Intertidal oysters suffered higher mortality than subtidal. Oysters stocked at the highest density had a significantly higher mortality than the lowest density; neither of these was significantly different from the medium density. The site closest to the mouth of the estuary had significantly lower mortality than the middle and upper estuary sites. 相似文献
7.
中华鳖群体间编码MHCⅠ类分子α2结构域基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
2004年1月至2005年4月在江苏靖江市的长江沿岸用定置张网采集刀鲚261尾。清洗后的矢耳石在60℃烤箱中烘烤24h,干燥冷却后用电子天平称重,精确到0.01mg。成对t检验显示,左右矢耳石间的重量无显著差异(P〉0.05),选用左矢耳石为研究对象。用直线、幂函数和多项式等确定各类参数间的最佳拟合公式。结果表明,长江口刀鲚的耳石重量在不同年龄组间的重叠相对较少,大小相近的个体,年龄大即生长慢的比年龄小即生长快的耳石重量大,不同龄组间耳石重量有显著的差异(P〈0.05)。按年龄组以耳石重量与相应的体长作图,可初步判断所观测年龄的可靠性。分析耳石重量的频率分布,能分离出体长相近但年龄不同的个体,其结果与依据耳石年轮观测的基本一致,耳石重量与年龄呈显著的线性相关性(P〈0.05)。用该相关性估算年龄,与从耳石上直接读取的年龄并无显著差异(P〉0.05)。因此,矢耳石重量可以作为直接确定长江口刀鲚年龄或作为验证依据钙化组织判断年龄准确性的有效手段。 相似文献
8.
9.
长江口的水系和锋面↑(*) 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
长江每年约有9400亿米^3流量通过河口入海,在口外形成特有的长江冲淡水,促使长江口内至口外水体的理化性质发生很大变化,并由此对长江口及其邻近水域的生物、化学、沉积及生态环境产生深刻影响。本文以盐度和含沙量两个指标把长江口的水体宏观地划分为长江径流水、长江河口水、长江冲淡水和外海水,其中长江冲淡水又可分为羽状流水和口外混合水两上次一级水体。通过水系划分,说明长江口河口锋、羽状锋的形成与水系的密切联 相似文献
10.
Aquaculture generates a large load of effluents rich in organic matter and nutrients that may be introduced into the environment. This study aimed to assess in a microcosm experiment, the effect of shrimp pond water mixed with Patos Lagoon estuary water on phytoplankton chlorophyll a and primary production, simulating two salinities. Chlorophyll a, dissolved inorganic nutrients and primary production were measured in two experiments. In Harvest I, salinity of shrimp pond and environment water was similar, and chlorophyll a showed different trends over time, according to the amount of nitrogen available. In Harvest II, with different salinities and high nutrient concentrations in environment water, chlorophyll a levels showed a similar increasing trend over time in all mixtures. Net primary production showed differences among treatments in the first sampling in Harvest I, but not in the second, whereas no differences were observed among treatments in Harvest II. We conclude that shrimp pond effluent can lead to short‐term variations in chlorophyll a and primary production levels, with similar salinities. Salinity differences result in lower chlorophyll a and primary production values than expected according to the nutrient input. Differences in salinity can be an important management strategy to choose the best harvest period. 相似文献