坛紫菜耐高温品系的选育与海区中试   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

吕峰  严兴洪  刘长军  张鹏  王铁杆  郑岳夫 《上海海洋大学学报》2010,(4):457-462

利用人工诱变和体细胞再生技术,选育出可在30℃下生长的坛紫菜耐高温品(Q-1),实验结果表明:(1)在高温(28℃和30℃)下培养15d,Q-1品系的壳孢子成活率分别为76.8%和60.1%,分裂率分别为100%和83%;而对照组野生型(WT)品系的壳孢子成活率分别为15.9%和6.7%,分裂率分别为90.4%和63.8%。Q-1品系的壳孢子成活率和分裂率均远高于WT品系。(2)在常温(24℃)下培养35d的Q-1和WT品系壳孢子苗,在24℃、28℃和30℃组中再分别培养25d,Q-1品系的苗平均体长分别增加了19.4、10.8和2.8倍,而WT品系的苗平均体长分别只增加了7.3、1.7和0.9倍;Q-1品系的苗平均体长分别为WT品系的2.5、5.8和1.9倍。另外,在28℃和30℃中培养15d的WT品系幼苗发生了大面积腐烂;而Q-1品系幼苗没有出现任何烂苗迹象,表现出较好的生长。Q-1品系在海区中试中也表现出很好的耐高温特性。2008年秋季,坛紫菜采苗后遇到了长时间的高温天气,当地传统养殖的坛紫菜野生种发生了大规模腐烂与脱苗,产量大幅度减少;而Q-1品系的苗仍然维持良好的生长势头,没有出现烂苗,取得了高产。由此证实,Q-1品系是既能较快生长又耐高温的品系,有很大的生产应用价值。  相似文献   

紫菜的生殖与生活史研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王娟  戴继勋  张义听  杨堃峰  赵瑞祯 《中国水产科学》2006,13(2):322-327

紫菜（Porphyra sp．）是目前世界上人工养殖海藻中经济价值较高的种类。紫菜通过不同的生殖方式来完成生活史，从而达到繁衍后代的目的。紫菜的生殖主要有无性生殖和有性生殖，单性生殖是一种特殊的有性生殖。紫菜生殖方式的多样性决定了生活史的多样性，这是进化过程中对不同环境做出的不同反应。紫菜的生殖和生活史受基因控制属遗传基础研究，它对紫菜的育种应用起着重要的指导作用。本文对紫菜生殖和生活史的研究状况以及研究中存在的问题进行评述，旨为紫菜的育种的研究和应用提供理论参考。  相似文献   

坛紫菜自由丝状体对无机碳的利用     

骆其君 《水产学报》2002,26(5):477-480

Free-living Porphyra haitanensis conchocelis was cultured under continual light,then it was treated with Van,DIDS and SITS,the inhibitors of inorganic carbon utilization,to study the mechanism of inorganic carbon utilization in the conchocelis.The results indicate that Van inhibits the utilization of inorganic carbon most,with a rate of 71.3%,and the rates of DIDS and SITS are relatively lower,42% and 35.5% respectively.The inhibition rate of Az is 25.3%,which indicates the external CA is not an important part of its inorganic carbon uptake.A complementary conclusion is that the main part of inorganic carbon absorption in P.haitanensis conchocelis is through active transport of HCO3^- and CO2.  相似文献   

温度和营养盐对条斑紫菜体细胞生长发育的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

滕亚娟  王兴强  王萍  汪芳 《渔业经济研究》2007,(5):37-40

文章研究了温度(15℃、20℃、23℃)和营养盐浓度(0mg/L、25mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L)对条斑紫菜体细胞生长发育的影响,结果表明,条斑紫菜体细胞在温度20℃,营养盐浓度50mg/L时生长的最好。  相似文献   

海水围塘生态栽培坛紫菜     

骆其君  冯婧  严小军  吕彤 《水产科学》2006,25(11):588-590

紫菜（Porphym sp）原是生长在潮间带的岩礁上，尤其是在风浪大、潮流畅通的海区生长良好。经过多年的人工栽培，紫菜已适应于在潮间带和浅海的养殖筏架的栽培。坛紫菜（Porphyra haitanensis）作为浙江、福建海区常见的栽培藻类和重要的食用经济海藻，有近40年栽培的历史。但潮间带可以用作栽培坛紫菜的空间越来越小，必须开拓新的栽培空间。在围塘栽培紫菜则是一种新开拓的栽培方法。  相似文献   

Seeding nets with neutral spores of the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kützing for use in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)     

Nicolas Blouin  Fei Xiugeng  Jiang Peng  Charles Yarish  Susan H. Brawley 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):77-91

Nets in traditional Porphyra mariculture are seeded with conchospores derived from the conchocelis phase, and spend a nursery period in culture tanks or calm coastal waters until they reach several centimeters in length. Some species of Porphyra can regenerate the foliose phase directly through asexual reproduction, which suggests that the time, infrastructure, and costs associated with conchocelis culture might be avoided by seeding nets with asexual spores. Here, we present work from a short-term mariculture study using nets seeded with asexual spores (neutral spores) of a native Maine species of Porphyra. Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kützing was selected for this proof of concept research because of its reproductive biology, abundance across seasons in Maine, and evidence of its promise as a mariculture crop. We studied the maturation, release, and germination of the neutral spores to develop an appropriate seeding protocol for nets, followed by development of a nursery raceway to provide an easily manipulated environment for the seeded nets. Neutral spores were produced throughout the year on the central Maine coast; however, there was a temporal variability in the number and survival of released neutral spores, depending upon thallus position in the intertidal zone. Small thalli were strictly vegetative, but most thalli reproduced by neutral spores; sexual reproduction was absent. Neutral spores germinated quickly at 10 and 15 °C, but germination was delayed at 5 °C. Unlike some algal zygotes and spores, neutral spores of P. umbilicalis required light to germinate; however, irradiances of 25 and 100 μmol photons m^− 2 s^− 1 were equally sufficient for germination. Rafts of seeded nets were deployed in Cobscook Bay, Maine, at two distances from salmon aquaculture pens and at a control site on a nearby, fallow aquaculture site (no salmon). There was no difference in nitrogen content of harvested thalli; however, both the density and the surface area of harvested thalli were different among the sites. The possible causes of these differences are discussed in the context of potential use of P. umbilicalis in IMTA.  相似文献   

Characterization of a cDNA encoding a homolog of actin-related protein 4 from a marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis     

Yukihiro Kitade  Michiko Nakamura  Hirotoshi Endo  Satoru Fukuda  Kazuyoshi Kuwano  Naotsune Saga 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):639-645

ABSTRACT:   A cDNA ( PyARP4 ) containing an open reading frame for a protein of 573 amino acids was identified in the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis . The conceptual PyARP4 protein exhibits significant similarity to actin-related protein (ARP) 4 in the terrestrial plant Arabidopsis . Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed moderate sequence identity (30%) to a conventional actin in P. yezoensis , as seen in comparisons between ARP and conventional actins of other organisms. A putative bipartite nuclear localization signal and an actin motif were found within the PyARP4 amino acid sequence. In a phylogenetic analysis, the PyARP4 was found to cluster with the ARP4 of other organisms. The expression level of PyARP4 did not change significantly among four developmental stages of life cycle and was lower than that of a conventional actin. This cDNA therefore may serve as a useful internal standard in gene expression analyses of differentially expressed genes in P. yezoensis .  相似文献   

贝壳紫菜单孢子和叶状体的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马家海 《水产学报》1996,20(2):132-138

贝壳紫菜的叶状体是由丝状体直接产生的。通过试验，笔者发现贝壳紫菜生活史中虽没有壳孢子，但存在着单孢子。由单孢子萌发发生的叶状体在形态上与由丝状体直接发育而来的叶状体相似，而前者的生长速度较后者快。经Ｗｉｔｔｍａｎｎ氏染色法染色，１－３细胞期的单孢子幼叶状体的细胞间不存在胞间联系。本种的单孢子囊仅出现在叶状体成熟阶段，在幼苗期未发现有单孢子放散。由于在贝壳紫菜的生活史中存在果孢子和单孢子而没有壳孢子  相似文献   

Quantitative evaluation of wind effect during emersion on Porhpyra haitanensis (Rhodophyta), a farmed species in southern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kunshan  GAO  Yan  JI Jiro  TANAKA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(4):710-712

  相似文献   

Algal-oligosaccharide-lysates prepared by two bacterial agarases stepwise hydrolyzed and their anti-oxidative properties   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shao-Chi?Wu  Tuan-Nan?Wen  Chorng-Liang?PanEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(5):1149-1159

Twenty algal-oligosaccharide-lysates (AOLs), derived from six agars and four algal polysaccharide extracts (APEs), were treated first with agarases with 250 or 500 agarase activity units (AU), which were produced from the agar-liquefying bacterial strain Pseudomonas vesicularis MA103, named MA103-agarases. The AOLs were then treated with agarases (250 or 500 AU) derived from the agar-softening bacterial strain Aeromonas salmonicida MAEF 108, named MAEF 108-agarases. Anti-oxidative properties of the AOLs were evaluated by five in vitro methods. The AOL obtained from the APE of Porphyra dentate, digested by 250 AU of MA 103-agarases, and by 250 AU of MAEF 108-agarases, designated as A₂₅₀-Por, showed better results than the 19 other AOLs. This result is in accordance with the level of soluble total polyphenols (STP) of A₂₅₀-Por, which was also higher than the remainder of the AOLs tested. The AOL derived from the APE of P. dentate, digested by 500 AU of MA103-agarases and then 500 AU of MAEF108-agarases, and designated as B₅₀₀-Por, displayed the second highest data in four potential evaluation methods, except in H₂O₂ scavenging capacity. In this study, certain agars or APEs digested by specific agarases can present an increasing antioxidative capacity. These agars include Bitek agar, Agar powder, Bacteriological, Agar Bacteriological, and Guanghui agar, plus APEs of Gracilaria sp. and Monostroma nitidum decomposed stepwise by two agarases. The fraction of polyphenols (<1 kDa) that were derived from A₂₅₀-Por showed anti-oxidative activities on α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and reducing power determination, while the remaining four agar-lytic fractions obtained from A₂₅₀-Por did not exhibit anti-oxidative activity. This phenomenon may suggest that anti-oxidative properties of AOLs originate in polyphenols. Algal-oligosaccharide-lysates may have potential use as a health food.  相似文献