对小麦F1代正反杂交组合的灰色关联度分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王春平  张伟  苗艳芳  吕静霞 《种子》2005,24(1):30-31,94

运用灰色系统的理论和方法,对2002～2003年18个小麦F1代正反杂交组合的7个主要性状进行综合分析,计算其灰色关联度,分析正反杂交组合的差异,结果表明:200237品系最好,200212品系次之,200246品系最差.同时只有200237和200238、200213和200214品系的正反杂交组合表现为优良组合.  相似文献   

普通荞麦自交不亲和两系互交制种技术研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

高立荣  常庆涛  拓步彪 《农学学报》2014,4(10):19-23

用自交不亲和性制种,实现普通荞麦杂种优势利用;创新杂交制种生产技术,提高效率,降低生产成本.将育成的近交系亲本矮B系与矮C系等量、混合种植,借助虫媒、风媒授粉,进行杂交制种.成熟后混合收获、脱粒,用机械将矮BF1（正交F1代）与矮CF1（反交F1代）分开,分别用于生产.制种田没有固定的父本,所收获种子95％是杂交种.正交F1代超亲优势为26.1％,反交F1代超亲优势为30.2％,平均优势为38.4％;试验表明,另一组合矮A系与恢3系所配杂交种比对照增产25.64％～44.87％,被审定为‘榆荞4号’品种.制种田省去了父本和按行比种植的工序,不仅提高了制种产量,降低了生产成本,而且制种效果好,在荞麦杂种优势利用上,是一种新的杂交种生产技术,可用于大规模生产杂交种.  相似文献   

甜高粱与粒用高粱正反交F_1代农艺性状差异分析     

段有厚  邹剑秋  卢峰 《辽宁农业科学》2014,(6)

对甜高粱与粒用高粱正反交F1代杂交种的杂种优势及其主要农艺性状进行了比较分析。结果表明:只有穗粒重表现出明显的群体超亲优势,按均值大小排顺序为:单株生物产量穗粒重株高穗长锤度生育期。甜高粱与粒用高粱正反交F1代主要农艺性状单株生物产量、含糖量、穗粒重、株高、穗长和生育期6个性状之间的差异不明显。  相似文献   

Evaluating the utility of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model for understanding heterosis in hybrid crops     

David Stokes  Colin Morgan  Carmel O’Neill  Ian Bancroft 《Euphytica》2007,156(1-2):157-171

Despite the phenomenon of heterosis having been used to improve crop productivity for almost a century, there is little understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. Heterosis has been described recently in the widely used plant model Arabidopsis thaliana. To assess the opportunity afforded by this system, we have developed, through pollination to a male sterile female parent (Ler ms1), a range of hybrids of A. thaliana accessions. We tested this method of hybrid production in A. thaliana by comparing seed produced by natural pollination and hand pollination of emasculated plants. Our results demonstrate that using male sterile lines, which more closely represent methods used for hybrid crop production, circumvents the problems associated with the analysis of hybrids produced from emasculated plants. We identified hybrid combinations exhibiting mid-parent heterosis for vegetative fresh weight ranging from −9 to 103% and characterised heterosis in the reciprocal hybrids of one strongly heterotic combination. We found no evidence of a relationship between the extent of genetic relatedness of A. thaliana accessions and the strength of heterosis exhibited by their hybrids. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

大麦遗传性状与花药离体培养反应之间的关系     

黄剑华  陆瑞菊 《中国农业科学》1990,23(5):21-27

 在大麦花培育种研究中，探讨了具有不同棱型、熟期和生态型的6份大麦栽培品种和由它们相互杂交后产生的30份F#-1的花培反应，结果表明：不同棱型、熟期和生态型的大麦，其花培反应存在较明显的差异，这种差异与它们的F#-1花培反应也存在着不同程度的关系。  相似文献   

用相互嫁接和定量PCR分析棉花对棉花黄萎病的抗性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郝俊杰  胡雨薇  郭晓琴  赵付安  贾新合  郭利娟  张志新  王庆东 《作物学报》2013,39(7):1179-1186

为了研究棉花对棉花黄萎病的抗性机制, 本文选用对棉花黄萎病表现抗病的海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense)材料海7124和Pima 90及感病的陆地棉(G. hirsutum)材料冀棉11, 通过相互嫁接的方法构建试验系统, 用棉花黄萎菌对其人工接种, 利用Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)技术分析其在感病和抗病棉花中侵染的差别。相互嫁接试验中感/抗和抗/感组合的病情指数介于感/感和抗/抗对照之间, 且相互嫁接棉株各个部位的IC值(侵染系数)也多介于其对照相应部位之间; 并且病情指数与不同部位IC值显著相关, 说明棉花黄萎菌可以通过接口在抗-感之间扩展。感/抗嫁接组合试验说明抗病材料的茎基部在抑制病原菌扩展中起重要的作用, 而抗/感类型试验说明抗病材料接口以上部分也具有抑制病原菌增殖的作用。总之, 抗病海岛棉无论作为砧木还是接穗, 都能有效抑制病原菌的扩展, 说明抗病海岛棉对棉花黄萎菌具全株抗性, 但茎基部在抑制病原菌扩展中起重要的作用; 同样, 感/抗和抗/感组合试验也说明感病材料的各个部位均不能抑制病原菌的定殖和扩展。  相似文献   

不同亲本细胞质源对甘蔗杂交后代主要性状的影响     

罗霆  岑华飞  黄玉新  张荣华  刘昔辉  贤武  雷敬超  周珊  张革民 《热带作物学报》2015,36(3):516-522

利用4个不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本配成正反交组合,在对杂种后代进行SSR-PCR真伪鉴别的基础上,对不同组合后代的不同性状进行t检验和差异性比较。结果表明:这7对正反交组合后代的株高、茎径和有效茎数均差异不显著,仅有一对父母本细胞质源相同的正反交组合后代叶绿素含量差异较大;当以细胞质源为Bandjarmasim Hitam的不同亲本作母本时,子代黑穗病发病率较低,为18.8%和18.9%;当以细胞质源为Badila的崖城58-47作母本时,子代黑穗病发病率较高,为28.8%和28.4%。以细胞质源为Black Cheribon的不同亲本作母本时,其后代真杂种率在91.7%~98.8%之间,而以细胞质源为Bandjarmasim Hitam和Kaludia Boothan作母本时,得到真杂种率低于70%的后代群体。说明虽然甘蔗主要农艺性状的细胞核遗传占主导地位,但是不同细胞质源仍在花粉育性和抗病性等方面发挥作用。本文研究了不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本与甘蔗主要性状遗传表现的相关性,为甘蔗育种利用优异细胞质源以及进一步从分子水平上研究和发掘甘蔗优异细胞质基因奠定基础。  相似文献   

Genetic and environmental control of dormancy in white-grained wheat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum aestivum</Emphasis> L.)     

Daryl Mares  Judith Rathjen  Kolumbina Mrva  Judy Cheong 《Euphytica》2009,168(3):311-318

Grain dormancy in wheat is an important component of resistance to preharvest sprouting and hence an important trait for wheat breeders. The significant influence of environment on the dormancy phenotype makes this trait an obvious target for marker-assisted-selection. Closely related breeding lines, SUN325B and QT7475, containing a major dormancy QTL derived from AUS1408 located on chromosome 4A, but substantially different in dormancy phenotype, were compared with a non-dormant cultivar, Hartog, in a range of controlled environments. As temperature increased, dormancy at harvest-ripeness decreased particularly for QT7475. The dormancy phenotypes of reciprocal F₁ grains involving all possible combinations of Hartog, QT7475 and SUN325B were also compared in two environments with different temperatures. The results were consistent with the presence of QTL in addition to 4A in SUN325B, compared with QT7475, at least one of which was associated with the seed coat. Genetic analysis of a doubled haploid population derived from SUN325B × QT7475 identified a highly significant QTL located on chromosome 3BL, close to the expected position of the mutant allele of the red seed coat colour gene in white-grained wheat, R-B1a. When the lines in the population were grouped according to the parental alleles at marker loci flanking the 3B QTL, the dormancy phenotype frequency distribution for the SUN325B group was shifted towards greater dormancy compared with the QT7475 group. However, significant variation for dormancy phenotype remained within each group. Lines representing the extremes of the range of phenotypes within each group maintained their relative ranking across seven environments consistent with the presence of another unidentified QTL contributing to dormancy in SUN325B.  相似文献   

亚洲百合杂交亲和性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

焦雪辉  吴锦娣  刁义维  吴沙沙  张英杰  吕英民 《分子植物育种》2010,8(5)

本实验用常规授粉的方法,对亚洲百合自交、系内杂交和系间杂交亲和性进行了研究,旨在为百合育种研究提供一定的依据。通过试验发现,自交试验中只有‘Mount Duckling’得到膨大的果实;系内杂交试验中共计19个杂交组合,其中13个组合得到膨大的果实,10个组合得到胚;系间杂交试验中以2个东方百合品种为父本,共计12个杂交组合,均未得到胚。通过研究还发现,正反交对结实率也有很大影响。  相似文献   

Waxy蛋白缺失小麦及正反交组合淀粉特性的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

时岩玲  田纪春 《麦类作物学报》2004,24(1):22-24

研究了Waxy蛋白缺失类型小麦材料及正反交组合F1代的直链淀粉含量、膨胀势和降落数值等淀粉理化特性以及它们之间的相关性。结果表明：降落数值与直链淀粉含量呈正相关;膨胀势与直链淀粉含量无相关;正、反交组合F1代种子的直链淀粉含量介于糯麦和普通小麦两类亲本之间,为中亲效应。反交组合F1代比正交F1代直链淀粉含量高,说明小麦的糯性遗传为细胞质遗传。正、反交组合的降落数值和膨胀势差异均不显著。说明这两个性状的遗传为非胞质遗传。  相似文献