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Hao Liu Xiaohui Dong Beiping Tan Tao Du Shuang Zhang Yuanzhi Yang Shuyan Chi Qihui Yang Hongyu Liu 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(5):1724-1735
A 56‐day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, inflammatory genes expression and intestine histology of silver sillago, Sillago sihama (Forsskål 1775), by replacing fish meal (FM) with low‐gossypol cottonseed meal (LCSM). Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated, including R0 group (control, containing 550.0 g/kg FM), R16 group (88.5 g/kg LCSM and 461.5 g/kg FM), R32 group (177.0 g/kg LCSM and 373.0 g/kg FM), R48 group (265.5 g/kg LCSM and 284.5 g/kg FM) and R64 group (354.0 g/kg LCSM and 196.0 g/kg FM). Fish fed R0 and R16 groups had a significantly higher weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) than R48 and R64 groups (p < .05). In contrast to whole‐body crude protein, whole‐body moisture increased with the FM level of substitution (p < .05). With the increased amount of LCSM in the diet, the activity of intestinal amylase (AMS) increased significantly (p < .05), and intestinal trypsin (TRP) decreased (p < .05). Dietary LCSM substitution upregulated the expression of intestinal tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), the nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB), and interleukin one beta (IL‐1β), but downregulated tight junction proteins ZO‐1(ZO‐1), transforming growth factor beta‐3 (TGF‐β3) and interleukin 10 (IL‐10) expression. Histological analysis revealed progressive morphological damage to the mid‐intestine with higher levels of FM replacement. These results showed that 88.5 g/kg (16%) of FM replaced by LCSM with amino acids (methionine and lysine) supplementation did not significantly reduce growth compared with FM‐based control. 相似文献
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采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析3种多元分析方法,结合可量性状和框架测定数据,对湛江、北部湾和阳江3个不同地理群体的多鳞鱚进行了形态差异的比较研究。可量性状及框架数据的聚类分析结果表明,湛江与北部湾群体之间的形态差异最小,而阳江群体则单独形成一个聚类分支。主成分分析显示,3个群体在主成分1和主成分2上的分化较显著,但仍有部分重叠交错现象;在主成分1分布上,3个群体中湛江和北部湾群体相对较接近,而与阳江群体稍微分离,与聚类分析结果相一致;此外,主成分分析表明,头部和尾部纵向长短对多鳞鱚3个不同地理群体间的形态差异贡献率最大。同时,通过对8个贡献率较大的形态比例参数进行逐步判别分析,建立了3个不同地理群体的判别函数,判别准确率P1、P2以及综合判别率均为100%。综合以上3种多元分析的结果表明,湛江、北部湾和阳江3个不同地理群体的多鳞鱚在形态上已产生一定程度的差异,而3种多元分析方法均具有很强的实用性,能从不同角度反映出3个不同地理群体间的形态差异。 相似文献
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测定和分析了4种鱚属(Sillago)鱼类:斑鱚(Sillago aeolus)、亚洲鱚(S. asiatica)、多鳞鱚(S. sihama)和少鳞鱚(S. japonica)线粒体细胞色素b基因序列片段,比较了不同鱚属鱼类种间的序列差异,探讨了彼此间系统发育关系和分类地位。结果显示,4种鱼类平均核苷酸组成为T 29.9%、C 29.2%、A 21.5%、G 19.3%,种间平均净遗传距离在0.157到0.280之间。最大似然法构建的系统树显示,少鳞鱚和亚洲鱚首先聚类、再与多鳞鱚和斑鱚相聚,斑鱚是最晚分化出的鱼类。基于Cyt b基因序列核苷酸分歧速率计算得出4种鱼类发生遗传分化时间在距今785—1400年前的第三纪中新世(Miocene)。 相似文献
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Direct ageing of fish can be a laborious and expensive task when age estimates from a large population are required, and often involves a degree of subjectivity. This study examined the application of general and generalized linear models that predict the age of fish from a range of efficiently and objectively measured covariates. The data sampled were from yellowfin bream (Acanthopagrus australis (Sparidae) (Owen, 1853)) and sand whiting (Sillago ciliata (Sillaginidae) Cuvier, 1829) populations from New South Wales, Australia. The covariates evaluated in the models were fish length, otolith weight, sex and location (the estuary from which the fish were sampled). Akaike Information Criteria were used for model selection and residual plots of the final models revealed a satisfactory fit to the observations. The best fitting model for each species included all covariates. An additional investigation considered whether general and generalized linear models that predict age from two different categories of biometric information outperform age-length keys with respect to subsequent estimates of total mortality from catch-curve analysis. The two categories of biometric information differed in the ease and cost with which the information could be collected. The first category only included fish length and location as covariates, whilst the second category also included otolith weight and sex. It was found that traditional age-length keys outperformed the predictive models that estimated age from only fish length and location, because the results from the models were prone to significant bias. However, when otolith weight and sex were added as covariates to the predictive models, some of them, including a generalized linear model with a Poisson-distributed response variable, performed similarly to the age-length key. Given that otolith weight and the sex of fish are cheaper to quantify than age from a sectioned otolith in many situations, general or generalized linear models may represent a cheaper and faster method of estimating mortality compared to age-length keys. Such models can also easily incorporate the influence of spatial, temporal and demographic variation. 相似文献
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对东营、青岛和温州近海的中国(Sillago sinica)3个地理群体共69尾样品进行了常规形态特征测定,以框架测量法测定了18个框架数据,并基于多变量分析法对测量数据进行了统计分析。研究结果表明,中国不同地理群体可数性状上均无显著差异;单因子方差分析结果显示,在27个形态特征值中,东营群体与青岛和温州群体间分别有17个和14个变量存在显著差异,温州和青岛群体间仅有6个变量存在显著差异;聚类分析结果显示,群体间存在交叉现象,无法检测到与地理相对应的分支类群;根据第一和第二主成分构建的散布图显示,东营群体个体相对集中。以上实验结果均表明,中国3个群体间存在一定程度的形态差异,东营群体与其它两群体间形态差异较大。该研究为中国种群研究提供了形态学依据,为其研究的深入开展奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Qincheng Huang Shuang Zhang Tao Du Qihui Yang Shuyan Chi Hongyu Liu Yuanzhi Yang Xiaohui Dong Beiping Tan 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(2):338-350
An 8‐week feeding experiment was implemented to study the effect of dietary vitamin C (VC) on growth, immunity, oxidation resistance and relevant gene expressions in juvenile S. sihama (2.33 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed six diets containing VC level of 5, 16, 27, 65, 122 and 233 mg/kg, respectively. VC‐deficient signs including ascites syndrome, skin decay and haemorrhage were found in the fish fed basal diets. Appropriate VC supplement in diets (a) increased weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER); (b) increased contents of hepatic total immunoglobulin (IgM), complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) and activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP); (c) increased hepatic and intestinal copper–zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) activities, but decreased hepatic MDA content; and (d) up‐regulated gene expressions of NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1), CAT, GST, GPx, glutathione reductase (GR), CuZnSOD and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in liver and intestine. These results indicated that dietary VC significantly influenced the growth, immunity and oxidation resistance at enzymatic and genic levels. Based on regression analysis for PER, IgM, intestinal CuZnSOD and hepatic VC concentration, the optimal requirement of dietary VC in juvenile S. sihama was estimated to be 98.33, 139.03, 104.23 and 143.69 mg/kg. 相似文献
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利用2008年3-9月北部湾底拖网和刺网渔获物中采集的样本,对北部湾多鳞鱚的生长、死亡特性进行了初步研究,并利用单位补充量产量模型对多鳞鱚渔业的开发状态进行了评估。结果表明：北部湾多鳞鱚优势体长为100—130mm,占60．71％;优势体重为5～25g,占83．96％;雌性个体略大于雄性个体,性比为1：1．36,雌雄个体数量不平衡;von Bertalanffy生长方程的参数分别为：k=188．6mm,K=0．51,t0=-0．32;体重的生长拐点年龄为1．86龄;总死亡系数、自然死亡系数和捕捞死亡系数分别为2．58、1．217和1．36;渔业生物学参考点R0.1和Fmax的值分别为0.34和0．50,渔业资源已处于过度利用状态。 相似文献
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采用不连续垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测多鳞(魚喜)三个群体的遗传多样性.结果表明,6种同工酶共记录的16个基因座位,其中3个位点是多态的.湛江、阳江、北部湾三个群体的平均有效等位基因数分别为1.05、1.17和1.03.平均实际杂合度Ho分别为0.003、0.167和0.003,平均期望杂合度He分别为0.023、0.093和0.021.湛江和北部湾群体的遗传距离最为接近,与阳江群体的距离较远.3个多鳞(魚喜)群体具有较丰富的遗传多样性,较高的遗传变异水平,对种质资源的研究开发及利用有重要意义. 相似文献