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Discarding of fish species in the Kattegat-Skagerrak Nephrops directed fisheries remains at high levels. In this work we have tested four sets of codends pair-wise with the catch comparison technique under full commercial conditions to assess their potential in reducing the catch of undersized commercial species, in particular cod. We investigate the position of a 90 mm square-mesh panel (SMP), the effect of increasing the mesh size from 90 to 120 mm in the SMP, the effect of inserting a 90 mm SMP in an 80 mm codend and the effect of increasing the codend mesh size from 90 to 120 mm in a total of 89 hauls. Inserting the SMP 3–6 m from the codline compared to 6–9 m from the codline, reduced catches of cod above the minimum landing size (MLS) and Nephrops above and below the MLS. Increasing the mesh size in the SMP from 90 to 120 mm increased the catch of cod above the MLS in weight with an overall increase of 12% in the revenue. The effect of installing a 90 mm SMP 6–9 m from the codline in a nominal 80 mm codend had no effect on the catch of cod. Increasing the nominal codend mesh size from 90 to 120 mm reduced the catch of all species below the MLS, except monkfish. Catches of Nephrops above the MLS were, however, reduced by approximately one third and the total loss in revenue was 21%. 相似文献
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深水网箱圆台形囊网的设计与制作 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
深水网箱囊网受水流推动,形状随水阻力大小而变化。囊网形状的变化与养殖容积有关,并直接影响了网箱养殖效果。通过分析认为,圆台形重力式柔性囊网有较好的抗流效果,更适合于深水网箱养殖作业。通过实物试验,报道了圆台形囊网在流速0.45-0.75 m·s-1时的外形设计、配重及制作方法,为强流下的深水网箱囊网制作提供参考。 相似文献
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深水网箱圆柱形囊网与圆台形囊网的性能浅析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分析比较了网箱圆柱形囊网与圆台形囊网在相同制作材料及同等工况条件下的优缺点,流速在0～0.35m·s-1区间时,前者在养殖容积、制作工艺、换网操作优于后者;流速在0.35～0.75m·s-1区间时,后者在养殖容积保持率、制作成本、换网操作优于前者;流速大于0.75m·s-1时,两者优劣不明显。 相似文献
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副渔获问题在拖网渔业中尤为严重,因此囊网的网目选择性一直倍受关注。网目选择性常以Logistic或Richards方程来描述。因方程所采用的变量不同而分为体长或主选择性曲线。研究过程中,常用套网法和比较作业法。针对这2种实验方法,作者综述了不同的解析方法以及不同实验间数据合并的条件。提出研究鱼类和渔具的作用,鱼类遭遇网渔具的影响因素以及如何建立合理的数学模型,推测主选择性曲线是渔具选择性研究的重点。 相似文献
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东海区拖网网囊网目选择性研究 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
通过东海区拖网网囊网目对带鱼和小黄鱼的选择性试验,对拖网最适网囊网目尺寸进行了分析研究。结果表明：1．网囊网目45mm,小黄鱼和带鱼的逃逸率均较低,渔获中兼捕大量当年生经济幼鱼;2．网囊网目54mm,小黄鱼的50％选择体长尚小于其优势体长组范围,带鱼的50％,选择体长已部分进入其优势体长组范围;3．网囊网目65mm,选择体长范围与选择鱼种的优势体长组范围基本一致。综合分析认为：目前东海区最理想的拖网网囊网目不小于60mm。 相似文献
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This paper presents a summary of all catch-comparison gear tests performed between 2002 and 2006 with Nordmøre-type sorting grids in the Swedish Nephrops trawl fishery in the Skagerrak and Kattegat. The overall aim was to minimise fish by-catch while maintaining catch rates for the target species, i.e. Nephrops. The results showed that a trawl fitted with a grid and a square-mesh cod-end, caught less small and marketable cod, haddock, whiting, hake and plaice than did a standard commercial trawl. For cod larger than 35 cm, the catch reduction was close to 100%. For marketable Nephrops no difference in catch amounts was detected. Results of three modified grid variants are also reported here. None of these showed convincing results in terms of better species-selectivity or superior handling characteristics than the standard grid. The results on fish by-catch reduction indicate that the Swedish grid may be a useful tool to reduce non-target mortality and to decouple Nephrops from cod and other demersal fish species under existing and future recovery plans. 相似文献
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Antonello Sala Alessandro Lucchetti Corrado Piccinetti Mario Ferretti 《Fisheries Research》2008,93(1-2):8-21
Mediterranean demersal trawl fisheries traditionally operate using small diamond-shape meshes in the codend, which tend to retain almost all animals. We investigated the effect of mesh configuration on the size selectivity of nine species (the scaldfish Arnoglossus laterna, the broad-tail shortfin squid Illex coindettii, the European hake Merluccius merluccius, the red mullet Mullus barbatus, the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus, the common pandora Pagellus erythrinus, the deepwater rose shrimp Parapenaeus longirostris, the Mediterranean horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus and the poor-cod Trisopterus minutus capelanus) commonly captured in the Mediterranean demersal trawls. Two codends having meshes with the same opening (ca. 38 mm) but different mesh configuration (DM38: diamond-mesh and SM38: square-mesh configuration) were fished daily and alternately on the same trawl. They demonstrated a substantial improvement in selectivity with square-mesh. Selectivity was measured using the covered codend technique, the cover being supported by circular hoops.The results were analysed taking into account the between-haul variation in selectivity. Two other important external variables were identified: the trawling depth and the codend catch, which for some species influenced between-haul variation, but there was no evidence of a coherent effect on selectivity parameters.The selectivity of 40 mm diamond-mesh codend has been reported to be rather poor because a large proportion of the codend catch is immature and smaller than the minimum landing size (MLS) or first maturity size. With the exception of the flatfish (A. laterna), the effect of a change of mesh configuration from diamond- to square-mesh on size selectivity positively affected the retention length at 50% (L50). However, square-meshes were found to be unsuitable for flat and/or deep-bodied fish as these escape more readily from diamond-meshes.The Council Regulation (EC) No. 1967/2006, concerning management measures for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources in the Mediterranean, establishes the MLS of marine organisms. However, the increase in L50 with square-mesh would not avoid some of the existing contradictions in allowing the use of codend mesh which leads to lower L50 than the MLS. 相似文献
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渔具对捕捞对象的年龄选择性对于渔业资源评估等工作是至关重要的,但相关研究较少。使用套网法对网囊网目尺寸分别为35 mm和45 mm的近海张网对黄鲫(Setipinna taty)和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)的年龄选择性进行分析。数据分析采用2种年龄选择性曲线模型:即估算网囊对个体体长选择性后根据个体生长方程换算和直接使用Logistic曲线代表年龄选择性曲线;通过对渔获体长分布和年龄分布数据的拟合,结果显示,2种年龄选择性曲线均能较好地拟合数据,网囊对黄鲫和小黄鱼的50%选择年龄t50和年龄选择范围SRt均随着网目尺寸的增加而增加,35 mm和45 mm网目尺寸的网囊对黄鲫的t50分别约为4月龄和8月龄,对小黄鱼的t50分别约为0.6龄和1.5龄,明显小于黄鲫和小黄鱼的推荐开捕年龄,反映出目前近海张网渔具网目过小,可能会对幼鱼资源产生不利的影响。 相似文献