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为探明患结节病蓝鳃太阳鱼的病因,从蓝鳃太阳鱼(Lepomis macrochirus)脾脏结节处分离获得一病原菌SD1810。通过菌落形态、细菌生理生化鉴定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,确定所得菌株为鰤鱼诺卡氏菌(Nocardia seriolae)。人工回归感染试验结果显示,注射浓度为2.8×107 CFU/mL的菌液能使蓝鳃太阳鱼患病致死,发病症状与原感染鱼相似。从死亡太阳鱼体内可重新分离到与SD1810形态特征、生理生化指标相一致的病菌。对分离获得的鰤鱼诺卡氏菌进行药敏试验分析,结果表明,鰤鱼诺卡氏菌SD1810对红霉素、利福平、庆大霉素、氯霉素、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考等10种抗生素极其敏感,对头孢唑啉,诺氟沙星,青霉素、氨苄青霉素和阿莫西林等6种抗生素具有耐药性。 相似文献
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Suying Hou Guoquan Chen Wenji Wang Liqun Xia Zhiwen Wang Yishan Lu 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(5):571-581
Nocardia seriolae, a Gram-positive bacterium, is the main pathogen of fish nocardiosis. Protein NlpC/P60 is a cell-wall peptidase and a potential virulence factor of N. seriolae. Subcellular localization research revealed that both NlpC/P60-GFP and NlpC/P60Δsig-GFP fusion proteins were evenly distributed in the whole cell of fathead minnow (FHM) cells. Furthermore, typical apoptotic features, such as nuclear pyrosis and apoptotic bodies, were observed in the transfected FHM cells and grouper spleen cells by the overexpression of protein NlpC/P60. Then, quantitative assays of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) value, caspase-3 activity and apoptosis-related gene (Bax, BNIP3, TNF1 and TNF6) mRNA expression were conducted. The results showed that ΔΨm was decreased, caspase-3 was significantly activated, and the mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and BNIP3) and tumour necrosis factors (TNF1 and TNF6) was up-regulated in NlpC/P60-overexpressed cells. Taken together, the results indicated that the protein NlpC/P60 of N. seriolae might involve in apoptosis regulation. This study may lay the foundation for further study on the function of N. seriolae NlpC/P60 and promote the understanding of the virulence factors and pathogenic mechanism of N. seriolae. 相似文献
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Suying Hou Wenji Wang Guoquan Chen Liqun Xia Zhiwen Wang Yishan Lu 《Journal of fish diseases》2021,44(1):63-72
Fish nocardiosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease, and Nocardia seriolae is the main pathogen. The pathogenesis and virulence factors of N. seriolae are not fully understood. Secreted superoxide dismutase (SOD) may be a virulence factor found by a comparative bioinformatics analysis of the whole genome sequence of N. seriolae and the virulence factor database (VFDB). In order to determine the subcellular localization and study the preliminary function of SOD from N. seriolae (NsSOD), gene cloning, secreted protein identification, subcellular localization in fish cells, and apoptosis detection of NsSOD were carried out in this study. Subcellular localization research revealed that NsSOD‐GFP fusion proteins were evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, apoptotic bodies were observed in the transfected FHM cells by the overexpression of protein NsSOD. Then, assays of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) value, caspase‐3 activity and apoptosis‐related genes (Bax, Bid, Bad and Bcl‐2) mRNA expression were conducted. The results showed that ΔΨm was decreased, and caspase‐3 was significantly activated. The mRNA expression of the Bad gene showed significant up‐regulated expression at 24 h.p.t., while Bid and Bax genes showed significant up‐regulated expression at 72 and 96 h.p.t. and anti‐apoptotic gene (Bcl‐2) was down‐regulated in NsSOD overexpressed cells. Taken together, the results indicated that the protein NsSOD might be involved in apoptosis regulation. This study may lay the foundations for further studies on the function of NsSOD and promote the understanding of the virulence factors and the pathogenic mechanisms of N. seriolae. 相似文献
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In vitro assessment of the antiparasitic effect of caprylic acid against several fish parasites 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Noritaka Hirazawa Syun-ichirou Oshima Kazuhiko Hata 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2001,200(3-4):251-258
The antiparasitic effect of caprylic acid against several fish parasites, i.e., the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans (theronts), monogenean Benedenia seriolae (oncomiracidia and adults), copepod Pseudocaligus fugu (copepodids and adults) and myxosporean Kudoa shiomitsui (spores), was examined by in vitro trials.
Caprylic acid at a concentration of 1 mM had a parasiticidal effect against C. irritans theronts, B. seriolae oncomiracidia and K. shiomitsui spores and a contractile effect against B. seriolae adults, but had no clear effect against P. fugu copepodids and adults. These results suggest that caprylic acid may have an antiparasitic effect against various fish parasites, including parasites classified as monogenea, ciliates and myxosporea. 相似文献
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[鱼师]诺卡菌（Nocardia seriolae）是危害中国南方大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）养殖业的主要病原之一,由于该菌在培养基上生长缓慢,对其分离鉴定造成诸多不便。文章根据[鱼师]诺卡菌16S-23S转录间隔区（ITS）序列设计特异性引物建立了[鱼师]诺卡菌特异性PCR快速检测方法。试验结果表明,利用设计的特异性PCR引物只能扩增出[鱼师]诺卡菌特异性片段,检出限为5pg模板DNA。在此基础上研制了PCR快速检测试剂盒并对[鱼师]诺卡菌人工感染的大口黑鲈组织进行了检测,结果显示该试剂盒能从未出现明显发病症状的大口黑鲈组织中检出阳性片段,阳性率为100％,比传统细菌分离鉴定方法更加灵敏、快速且高效,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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为研究乌鳢诺卡氏菌的致病机理,本实验通过病原分离鉴定、组织病理学和基因表达水平分析对病原菌的致病性、药物敏感性及乌鳢的免疫抗性进行了研究。结果显示,患病乌鳢主要感染了命名为SDAT 0011病原菌,通过菌落形态观察、革兰氏染色鉴定、生理生化鉴定、16S rRNA鉴定及诺卡氏菌特异序列扩增鉴定,结果均显示该病原菌为诺卡氏菌。将分离的SDAT 0011感染健康乌鳢后,1×105～1×108 CFU/mL注射组的死亡率均为100%,感染乌鳢出现明显的诺卡氏菌病症状,如内脏出血,肝脏、脾脏和肾脏中有大量大小不等的结节,组织病理切片进一步检测发现,结节分界清晰,结节中有大量的淋巴细胞、受损或死亡的组织细胞。药物敏感性实验发现,诺卡氏菌对利福平等抗生素较为敏感,对青霉素等具有较强的抗性。基因表达分析显示,在感染初期(48 h)及中后期,Toll样受体2基因(TLR2)和Toll样受体13基因(TLR13)在脾脏和头肾的表达水平显著上调,而趋化因子受体9基因(CCR9)在脾脏和头肾中显著下调,这表明乌鳢Toll样受体和趋化因子受体信号通路可能在其抵抗诺卡氏菌感染中起重要作用。本实验为乌鳢诺卡氏菌病的... 相似文献
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鰤鱼诺卡氏菌SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立与应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据GenBank中蛳鱼诺卡氏菌16S-23S rRNA基因序列设计并合成一对特异性引物,经反应体系优化后建立了检测蛳鱼诺卡氏菌的SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR方法。结果显示,该方法线性关系良好,标准曲线的相关系数为0.998;溶解曲线分析显示产物为单一的特异峰;检测灵敏度可达10 6μg/μL的DNA含量,与嗜水气单胞菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血弧菌、麦氏弧菌不发生交叉反应,具有良好的特异性。应用建立的方法在蛳鱼诺卡氏菌病爆发时期,对16份鱼体组织、养殖水体、饲料等样品进行了检测,结果 7份为阳性,与细菌分离、培养检查结果 100%相符。既能检测发病鱼,又能检出未发病且已感染的病鱼,对病害的早期防控体现应用价值。结果表明,建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法具有特异、敏感、快速、定量等优点,可用于蛳鱼类致病鱼诺卡氏菌的快速检测。 相似文献
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P-C Wang S-D Chen M-A Tsai Y-J Weng S-Y Chu R-S Chern S-C Chen 《Journal of fish diseases》2009,32(4):301-310
An epizootic in pond cultured three striped tigerfish, Terapon jarbua , in Taiwan was caused by Nocardia seriolae . Diseased fish first showed clinical signs and mortalities in February and March 2003. The cumulative mortality within 2 months was 2.4% (1200 of 50 000) and affected fish were 7 months old with total lengths from 18 to 25 cm. Most affected fish were pale and lethargic with haemorrhages and ulcers on the skin. The most significant gross pathological changes were varying degrees of ascites and enlargement of the spleen, kidney and liver. Obvious white nodules, varying in size, were found in these organs. Bacteria were either coccal or filamentous in appearance, with bead-like forms. Isolates from diseased fish were characterized using the API ZYM (Analytical profile index; Bio Mérieux, France) systems and conventional tests and identified as Nocardia sp. The isolate was designated NS127 and was confirmed as N. seriolae by a polymerase chain reaction assay that gave the expected specific 432 bp amplicon. In addition, its 16S rDNA sequence gave 100% sequence identity with N. seriolae . A partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, heat shock protein gene and RNA polymerase gene (rpo B) of NS127 and the type strain of N. seriolae BCRC 13745 formed a monophyletic clade with a high sequence similarity and bootstrap value of 99.9%. White nodules induced in experimental fish were similar to naturally infected cases and N. seriolae was re-isolated on brain heart infusion agar. This is the first report of N. seriolae -infection in three striped tigerfish in aquaculture. 相似文献
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鱼类诺卡氏菌病近年来在我国南方省份不断蔓延,对水产行业造成巨大影响,鰤鱼诺卡氏菌(Nocardia seriolae)是鱼类诺卡氏菌病的主要病原,危害约20种海、淡水养殖鱼类。本研究以斑马鱼为模式动物,腹腔接种不同稀释度的强毒株鰤鱼诺卡氏菌ZJ0503,通过临床症状观察、病理剖检、病原菌分离鉴定、Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析、半数致死剂量(LD_(50))统计和组织病理学研究,初步建立了鰤鱼诺卡氏菌-斑马鱼模型。研究发现攻毒后斑马鱼出现明显的发病症状,鰤鱼诺卡氏菌ZJ0503对斑马鱼的LD50为3.39×106CFU·尾,斑马鱼感染后,肾脏、肝脏、胰脏、鳃、皮肤和肌肉等组织出现明显病理学变化。结果表明,斑马鱼是鰤鱼诺卡氏菌良好的动物感染模型,该动物模型的建立将有助于诺卡氏菌病致病机理的研究和疫苗的研制。 相似文献