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Growth performance,muscle and liver composition,blood traits,digestibility and gut bacteria of beluga (Huso huso) juvenile fed different levels of soybean meal and lactic acid 
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下载免费PDF全文 The objective of this study was to assess the effects of fishmeal (FM) replacement with 0, 350 or 700 g/kg soybean meal (SBM) in combination with the supplementation of lactic acid (LA; 0, 10 or 20 g/kg) in the diets of juvenile beluga sturgeon (Huso huso; 700 ± 30 g). Nine isonitrogenous (400 g/kg protein) and isoenergetic (18 MJ/kg) diets were fed to beluga ad libitum, three times a day, for 60 days. The results showed that replacing FM with SBM without LA significantly reduced fish growth; on the other hand, LA supplementation had positive effects on fish fed diets that FM was replaced by SBM (p < .05). Increasing SBM in the diet altered the fatty acid profiles of the fish, reducing long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and the n‐3/n‐6 fatty acids. High amounts of SBM (700 g/kg) caused reductions in the haematocrit, glucose and cholesterol levels in the blood (p < .05). In addition, the digestibility of protein, fat, dry matter and phosphorus was reduced when replacing FM with SBM, however, adding LA to the diets increased fish performance (p < .05), and this improvement was sharper in 2% LA groups. The number of LA bacteria increased significantly with the dietary supplementation of LA (p < .05). Based on these results, replacing 350 g/kg of FM with SBM and adding 20 g/kg LA to their feed do not negatively affect the biological and physiological indices of beluga. 相似文献
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The aims of this study was to assess the effect of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus curvatus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides, originally isolated from gastrointestinal (GI) tract of beluga (Huso huso) and Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), respectively, on growth, survival and digestive enzyme (amylase, lipase and protease) activities and the population level of LAB in the GI tract. The treatments included 10 different groups; control, separate supplements of L. curvatus and Leu. mesenteroides at three different counts [2 × 109, 5 × 109 and 9 × 109 colony forming units (CFU) per gram food] and three combinations of the two LAB (2 × 109 + 2 × 109, 5 × 109 + 5 × 109 and 9 × 109 + 9 × 109 CFU per gram food). The bacteria used in this study were added in lyophilized form to chopped Chironomidae. In the beluga study, highest specific growth rate, survival and improved intestinal enzyme activities were noted in the rearing group fed 9 × 109 L. curvatus per gram food. In Persian sturgeon, the inclusion level of 2 × 109 Leu. mesenteroides had similar positive effect. The ability of LAB to colonize the digestive tract seems to involve host specificity, and our bacteriological results are relevant to initiate future probiotic studies in sturgeons and future directions will be discussed. 相似文献
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Effects of dietary synbiotic on growth,survival, lactobacillus bacterial count,blood indices and immunity of beluga (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754) juvenile 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 R. Akrami M. Nasri‐Tajan A. Jahedi M. Jahedi M. Razeghi Mansour S.A. Jafarpour 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2015,21(6):952-959
This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic (Biomin IMBO) as feed additive on beluga (Huso huso) juvenile with an average body weight of 26.45 ± 0.19 g. Experimental diets at which supplemented with 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g synbiotic per kg of feed were fed to beluga juvenile, whereas the control group was fed with no synbiotic. After the feeding trial for 8 weeks, growth performance, survival, lactobacillus bacterial count, blood indices and immunity were tested. Even though, some growth performance and feed utilization parameters including WG, SGR and FCR were improved in group fed with 2.0 g kg?1 synbiotic; however, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in growth and feeding parameters between juveniles fed control and synbiotic supplementation diets. In terms of intestinal microbiota, there were no significant differences in total and lactic acid bacteria among treatments (P > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences of RBC counts, haematocrit, monocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, serum glucose and serum total protein levels between the treatment groups (P > 0.05), but group 2 and 4 g kg?1 synbiotic showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in WBC counts and haemoglobin, respectively. Furthermore, alternative complement activity (ACH50) and serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) were significantly increased in 2.0 g kg?1 synbiotic fed fish (P < 0.05); however, it did not change the lysozyme activity, significantly (P > 0.05). These results indicate that synbiotic improves immunity of beluga sturgeon without detrimentally impacting the growth performance, modulates intestinal microbiota and basic haematological parameters assessed. Thus, we suggest that 2.0 g kg?1 level of synbiotic may be used as an immunity promoter for beluga sturgeon juvenile. 相似文献
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A 17‐week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary L‐carnitine level in beluga, Huso huso. A total of fish averaging 1247 ± 15.6 g (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into 18 fibreglass tanks, and each tank holding 10 fish was then randomly assigned to one of three replicates of six diets with 50, 150, 350, 650, 950 and 1250 mg L‐carnitine kg?1 diet. At the end of 17 weeks of feeding trial, average weight gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and condition factor (CF) of fish fed 350 mg kg?1 diet were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of fish fed 50, 150, 950 and 1250 mg kg?1 diets. WG, FE, PER and CF of beluga fed 650 mg kg?1 diet were also significantly higher than those of fish fed 50, 950 and 1250 mg kg?1 diets. Whole body and muscle protein were significantly improved by the elevation of dietary L‐carnitine level up to 350 mg kg?1. Liver superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities of fish fed 350 and 650 mg kg?1 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed 50, 950 and 1250 mg kg?1 diets. The dietary L‐carnitine level of 350–650 mg kg?1 diet could improve growth performance, feed utilization, protein‐sparing effects of lipid, antioxidant defence system and reproductive success. Polynomial regression of WG suggested that the optimum dietary L‐carnitine level was 480 mg kg?1 diet. Therefore, these results may indicate that the optimum dietary L‐carnitine could be higher than 350 but <650 mg kg?1 diet in beluga reared in intensive culture conditions. 相似文献
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Tryland M Thoresen SI Kovacs KM Lydersen C 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(2):199-203
BACKGROUND: Abnormal physiological conditions and diseases can change the concentrations of enzymes, metabolites, and minerals in the body. Serum chemistry information may thus be indicative of a specific disease; interpretation of such information requires knowledge of serum chemistry reference intervals from a seemingly healthy population of the species. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to obtain serum chemistry reference intervals for a population of white whales. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 21 free-ranging white whales (beluga; Delphinapterus leucas). The whales were live-captured in nets during 1996-2001 in Storfjorden, Van Mijenfjorden, and Van Keulenfjorden (Svalbard, Norway). While the whales were briefly physically restrained, blood was collected from the caudal vein into vacuum tubes without anticoagulant. The blood was left to clot for 4-6 hours before serum was obtained by centrifugation. The serum samples were then kept at -20 degrees C until analysis. Enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase [ALP], creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], amylase, lipase), metabolites (urea, creatinine, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, glucose), and minerals (calcium, phosphate, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride) were analyzed in an Advia 1650 System (Bayer, Tarrytown, NY, USA). Cortisol was analyzed in an Immulite One system (Diagnostic Products Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA). The major blood proteins (albumin and globulins) were separated by gel electrophoresis in a Beckman Paragon electrophoresis system (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA). RESULTS: Serum values for all analytes were reported as median and range, and reference intervals were calculated as 10-90th percentiles. Activities of ALP and LDH and cortisol concentration were higher, and protein and bilirubin concentrations were lower compared with those previously reported for white whales from Canada; remaining results were strikingly similar in these 2 white whale populations. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide valuable serum chemistry reference intervals for future health assessments of white whales in Svalbard and other white whale populations, as well as captive individuals. 相似文献
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Mikaelian I Lapointe JM Labelle P Higgins R Paradis M Martineau D 《Veterinary dermatology》2001,12(1):59-62
Six beluga whales ( Delphinapterus leucas ) found dead on the shores of the St. Lawrence estuary had multiple slightly depressed greyish round areas randomly distributed over the whole body. Histologically, the surface of these areas was covered with a thick layer of Dermatophilus -like organisms which invaded the stratum corneum. The underlying stratum spinosum had marked spongiosis and vacuolar degeneration. Minimal neutrophilic infiltration was present within the underlying dermal papillae. To the authors' knowledge, dermatophilosis in cetaceans has not been reported previously. 相似文献
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