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J.J. MA Z.R. XU Q.J. SHAO J.Z. XU SILAS S. O. HUNG W.L. HU L.Y. ZHUO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):464-471
Effects of dietary l ‐carnitine were studied in juvenile black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus). The semipurified basal diet [crude protein 450 g kg?1 dry matter (DM); crude lipid 126 g kg?1 DM] was formulated to choose white fishmeal as the protein source and fish oil plus corn oil (1 : 1) as the lipid source. Six diets (control + diets 1–5) containing 0.1, 0.12, 0.16, 0.24, 0.39 and 1.1 g of l ‐carnitine kg?1 diet were fed to triplicate groups of black sea bream (initial weight 13.10 ± 0.05 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, body composition and antioxidant status were determined. The results showed that relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly improved by the elevation of dietary l ‐carnitine level from 0.1 to 0.24 g kg?1, but decreased with further increment (P < 0.05). Lipid content decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the dorsal muscle whereas increased (P < 0.05) in the liver with the addition of dietary l ‐carnitine. Dietary l ‐carnitine supplements elevated enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione‐S‐transferase, GST) activities (P < 0.05) yet decreased the content of non‐enzymatic factor, total sulphydryl groups (TSH) (P < 0.05). In summary, the optimum dietary l ‐carnitine level was 0.284 g kg?1 diet by second‐polynomial regression analysis based on RGR (y = ?647.4x2 +367.97x + 234.55; R2 = 0.977, x = dietary l ‐carnitine levels, y = RGR), and dietary l ‐carnitine addition within the levels adopted in our study could depress lipid peroxidation in tissues of juvenile black sea bream. 相似文献
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左旋肉碱——类维生素的营养素 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
ｌ肉碱是动物体内与脂肪酸代谢 有关的化合物,它的主要功能是作为载体将长链脂肪酸从线粒体膜外运送到膜内促进脂肪酸的氧化⒚本文对 ｌ肉碱的研究历史、化学性质、食物中的含量、生物合成、生理功能、缺乏症及其危害性、营养状况、营养作用及其临床应用和生产方法进 行了阐述⒚ 相似文献
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选用1日龄樱桃谷肉用仔母鸭864羽,随机分成6组(每组设6个重复),各组按2种剂量水平(0和0.05%)的甜菜碱和3种剂量水平(0、0.06%和0.12%)的蛋氨酸分别组合添加进行2×3析因法设计.结果表明,在蛋氨酸相对缺乏的饲料中甜菜碱能高效替代蛋氨酸,甜菜碱对改善肉鸭屠体品质比蛋氨酸更为有效;甜菜碱和蛋氨酸在增重、料重比、胸肌率、腹脂率、肝脏中的甜菜碱一高半胱氨酸S-甲基转移酶(BHMT)的活性和胸肌中肉碱含量则无明显互作效应. 相似文献
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A. O. Oso A. O. Fafiolu M. A. Adeleke O. A. Ladokun R. A. Sobayo A. V. Jegede S. O. Peters O. A. Oyebamiji J. Akinsola 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(4):766-774
The effect of dosage and application mode of l ‐carnitine on plasma lipid and egg‐yolk cholesterol of breeder turkeys, hatchability of eggs and post‐hatch growth response was investigated using 180 breeder hens. The hens were assigned to six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangements of two application modes of l ‐carnitine (diet and drinking water) supplemented at 0, 50 and 100 ppm (mg/kg or mg/l) levels, respectively. Each treatment was replicated five times with six hens per replicate. Dietary inclusion of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine showed the lowest (p < 0.01) plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein concentration (LDL). Breeder hens offered 50 ppm l ‐carnitine with no regard to application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.01) plasma high‐density lipoprotein (HDL). Hens offered 50 and 100 ppm l ‐carnitine irrespective of application mode also showed reduced (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk TC concentration at 32 weeks of age. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine for breeder turkeys recorded the lowest (p < 0.01) egg‐yolk triglyceride (TG) at 40 weeks of age. Hens offered 50 ppm l ‐carnitine irrespective of application mode recorded the highest (p < 0.05) hen‐day egg production. Incidence of dead‐in‐shell also reduced (p < 0.05) with increasing dosage of l ‐carnitine. Dietary supplementation of 50 ppm and oral application in drinking water of 100 ppm l ‐carnitine for breeder turkeys resulted in highest (p < 0.05) egg fertility. Offsprings from breeder hens fed diets supplemented with l ‐carnitine recorded no post‐hatch mortality. Highest (p < 0.05) post‐hatch final live weight and weight gain was obtained with poults obtained from hens fed diet supplemented with 50 ppm l ‐carnitine. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 50 ppm l ‐carnitine for turkey hens showed improved serum lipid profile, egg fertility, reduced dead‐in‐shell, egg‐yolk cholesterol and resulted in improved post‐hatch growth performance. 相似文献
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甜菜碱对猪不同阶段脂肪和蛋白质代谢的影响 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
对断奶仔猪、生长猪和肥育猪分别饲喂添加甜菜碱800、1000、1750mg/kg的饲粮，分别进行为期36、62、40d的饲养试验，并进行屠宰取样和分析测定。结果表明甜菜碱使断奶仔猪、生长猪、肥育猪的日增重分别提高8.71%(P<0.05)、13.20%(P<0.01)、13.32%(P<0.01);胴体脂肪率分别降低12.97%(P<0.01)、19.62%(P<0.01)、12.49%(P<0.01)；瘦肉率分别提高4.08%(P<0.05)、7.15%(P<0.05)、3.31%(P<0.05);肝脏中游离肉碱含量分别增加8.98%(P<0.05)、21.36%(P<0.05)、30.18%(P<0.01);血清中生长激素(GH)水平分别增高46.15%(P<0.01)、102.11%(P<0.01)、58.33%(P<0.05)；胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平分别增高38.74%(P<0.05)、44.74%(P<0.01)、47.95%(P<0.01)。生长猪和肥育猪皮下脂肪组织中苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的活性分别上升13.60%(P<0.05)和14.59%(P<0.01)，断奶仔猪有提高趋势，但差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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选用1 170只211日龄中华鳖进行养殖试验,研究不同剂量(0,50,100 mg/kg)的l-肉碱对中华鳖脂肪代谢的影响. 通过解剖取样测定肝脏、四肢肌肉和脂肪块的脂肪代谢酶活性及肌细胞内脂肪酸β-氧化反应等生化指标,探讨其作用机理. 结果表明,在饲料中添加100 mg/kg l-肉碱显著降低了中华鳖四肢的脂肪沉积量的27.11%(P<0.01),肝脏和脂肪中的苹果酸脱氢酶及脂肪中激素敏感脂酶总活力分别提高了24.32%(P<0.01)、32.22%(P<0.01)和14.88%(P<0.05),肌肉和脂肪中脂蛋白脂酶总活力分别提高了27.08%(P<0.01)和13.18%(P<0.05),肌肉中游离肉碱、总酸不溶肉碱含量分别升高了16.92%(P<0.01)和38.24%(P<0.01). 相似文献
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Teewara Phongnimitr Yuanyuan Liang Kanokwan Srirattana Kanchana Panyawai Nucharin Sripunya Chatchai Treetampinich Rangsun Parnpai 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(11):719-725
In this study, the effects of the addition of L‐carnitine in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium for bovine oocytes on their nuclear maturation and cryopreservation were investigated; they were matured in IVM medium supplemented with 0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 mg/mL of L‐carnitine (control, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 groups, respectively) and some of them were vitrified by Cryotop. Moreover, the effects of L‐carnitine during in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) on the developmental potential and quality of IVF embryos were also examined. A significantly higher maturation rate of oocytes was obtained for 0.3 and 0.6 mg/mL groups compared with the control (P < 0.05). The blastocyst formation rate in the 0.6 group was significantly improved, whereas the rate in the 1.2 group was significantly decreased when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in embryo development between the control and the L‐carnitine group after oocyte vitrification. Supplementation of IVF and IVC media with L‐carnitine had no effect on development to the blastocyst stage of IVM oocytes treated with 0.6 mg/mL L‐carnitine. In conclusion, the supplementation of L‐carnitine during IVM of bovine oocytes improved their nuclear maturation and subsequent embryo development after IVF, but when they were vitrified the improving effects were neutralized. 相似文献
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文章旨在研究不同脂肪水平日粮添加L-肉碱对鲤鱼生长性能、血液生化指标和抗氧化性能的影响。试验选择初始体重为(22.60±0.15 g)的鲤鱼180条,随机分为6组,每组3个鱼缸,每个鱼缸10条鱼。试验日粮采用6因子[2(5%和10%脂肪水平)×3(0、0.5和1 g/kg L-肉碱)]设计,试验共进行10周,包括2周适应期。结果:各处理组对鲤鱼末重、相对生长速率、生长率、饲料利用率和外形指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。高脂肪日粮组添加1 g/kg肉碱较其他组显著降低了鲤鱼机体脂肪和灰分含量(P<0.05),同时10%脂肪日粮添加1 g/kg肉碱组鲤鱼蛋白质含量最高(P<0.05)。10%脂肪水平组血浆甘油三酯含量显著低于5%脂肪水平组(P<0.05);日粮肉碱和脂肪水平对血浆葡萄糖、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白含量具有显著的交互效应(P<0.05)。10%脂肪水平添加1 g/kg肉碱组较其他组显著提高了血浆SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的活力(P<0.05),同时显著降低了血浆MDA含量(P<0.05)。结论:日粮脂肪和肉碱水平对鲤鱼体成分、血液生化指标及抗氧化性能的影响具有显著交互效应,其中10%脂肪水平日粮添加1 g/kg L-肉碱可以改善鲤鱼机体体组成,降低脂质过氧化水平。 相似文献
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Sayed Mohammad Ali Jalali Haji‐abadi Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani Ali Asghar Sadeghi Mohammad Chamani Gholam Hossein Riazi 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(11):1582-1591
This study was carried out to investigate a possible protein‐sparing action of l ‐carnitine and ractopamine in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. An 8‐week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of supplementation of three levels of l ‐carnitine (0, 1 and 2 g kg?1) and two levels of ractopamine (0 and 10 mg kg?1) on growth performance, fillet fatty acid compositions and blood biochemical parameters in a 3 × 2 factorial experimental design. Ractopamine and 1 g kg?1 carnitine improved the specific growth rate (1.03% and 1.05% day?1), feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.3 and 1.29), protein efficiency ratio (PER, 1.88 and 1.85) of fish and crude protein (73.5 and 73.8) content of fish fillet. l ‐carnitine and ractopamine increased the levels of albumin, total protein and globulin in the serum of fish. Apart from eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, other fatty acids of fish fillet were increased by ractopamine, while total saturated fatty acids were almost intact. However, the total n‐3 poly unsaturated fatty acids were reduced by l ‐carnitine supplementation (P<0.05). The present study showed that 1 g kg?1l ‐carnitine and 10 mg kg?1 ractopamine each can improve the performance of rainbow trout and their combination in diet could enhance the protein level and change the fatty acids profile in fillet muscle. 相似文献