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大口鲶(Silurus meridionalis)是一种古老的具有电感受器官的鱼类,其头部分布着大量微壶腹状的电感受器官,可以感受到生存环境中的微弱电信号,并在其摄食、求偶等行为中具有重要作用。本实验采用行为学的方法研究了大口鲶在不同直流类匀强电场下的反应特征。结果表明,在输出电压为0.9V、水中电场强度为(5.0±0.1)mV.cm-1时,大口鲶对铜板电极表现出最大的偏好性,在电场范围停留时间可达100 s以上,说明弱电场对大口鲶具有较强的吸引。研究结果为采用弱电诱集大口鲶提供了科学依据,并为改进传统的大口鲶捕捞作业方式及新渔具渔法的研制开发提供参考。 相似文献
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Catfish, Ictalurus melas, were pre-adapted to artificial tap water with 1.2 mM Ca2+ for two weeks, and subsequently transferred to artificial tap water with 0.6, 1.2, or 2.2 mM Ca2+ for one week in order to investigate the effect of the environmental Ca2+-concentration on stimulus encoding and the frequency characteristics in ampullary electroreceptor organs. Within 30 minutes after transfer, the spontaneous activity of the primary afferents, as well as gain and phase of the stimulus induced responses changed transiently corresponding to the Ca2+-concentration. One day after transfer the Ca2+-induced changes of the spontaneous activity had disappeared as well as the differences between the sensitivities at frequencies of 2, 8, 12, 16 and 20 Hz in 0.6 and 1.2 mM Ca2+, whereas at 16 and 20 Hz in 2.2 mM Ca2+ the sensitivity was still elevated. The Ca2+-induced phase shift was strongly frequency dependent. At 2 Hz no Ca2+ effect on the phase was observed, whereas at 12, 16 and 20 Hz significant effects could be demonstrated up till three days after transfer. The latency was not affected by the transfer.The Ca2+-induced effects on the primary afferent spontaneous activity are probably related to a Na+/Ca2+-exchanger at the basal faces of the receptor cells. The frequency dependent effects on gain and phase are concluded to relate to properties of the apical membrane, most likely to Ca-dependent K-channels. These findings further support the concept that ampullary electroreceptor might serve as chemoreceptor organs. 相似文献
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Fishes utilize electric signals for passive and active electrolocation and communication at night in murky water. To our knowledge, the mechanism of transmission of fish electric signals through water has not been addressed. In such a medium, the transmission of electrical signals can occur by movement of ions (ion conduction) under the influence of a generated electric field, or through its perturbation by nearby objects that have electric permittivity different than water. This latter property refers to the ability of a medium to resist the formation of electric fields with no involvement of ion transport. In this study, we discuss the relevance of each mechanism in the context of previous reports on transmission of signals by electric fishes in water environments. 相似文献
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