平面二维数模研究闸下淤积的缺陷     

欧剑  符宁平  张晓艳  祝中昊 《中国农村水利水电》2007,(10):5-7

以姚江大闸和武障河闸为例，对河口水域建闸后的闸下淤积的机理进行了研究。通过应用二维悬沙模型的模拟计算，分析了数学模型在模拟近闸段的淤积时存在的缺陷，对产生问题的原因进行了初步探讨。由于闸下淤积问题存在明显的时空性和区域性特征，应积极研究解决措施。  相似文献   

九龙江河口养虾塘氧化亚氮排放通量及影响因素     

金宝石  谢建国  闫鸿远  杨平  曾从盛 《农业环境科学学报》2021,40(9):2031-2038

水产养殖生态系统由于其高氮负荷而成为氧化亚氮(N_2O)的潜在释放源,为探究其排放特征,选择福建省九龙江河口养虾塘为研究对象,采用悬浮箱-气相色谱仪法测定其水-气界面N_2O排放通量变化,并结合气象要素和水环境因子分析其主要影响因素。结果表明:九龙江河口养殖塘水-气界面N_2O排放通量的变化范围和均值分别为0.10～0.64μmol·m~(-2)·h~(-1)和(0.26±0.07)μmol·m~(-2)·h~(-1),均表现为向大气释放N_2O的源。N_2O排放通量随养殖期推迟呈现持续增加,且在白天不同时刻存在显著变化。相关分析表明,N_2O排放通量与养殖水体的温度、溶解性有机碳、NO_2~--N和NO_3~--N浓度呈显著正相关,与盐度呈显著负相关。多元回归分析表明,水体盐度和NO_2~--N浓度是影响养虾塘N_2O排放的主要因素。  相似文献   

长江河口地区土壤水盐动态特点与区域土壤水盐调控研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

余世鹏  杨劲松  刘广明  李冬顺 《土壤通报》2008,39(5)

河口地区土壤水盐动态有丰水年份春秋季土壤积盐、枯水年份夏季土壤积盐的季节性特点,且各季节积盐的机理也不同。分析研究了河口地区不同水文年间不同季节的土壤水盐动态调控指标。分析河口区域土壤盐分的分布状况及近几年来河口区域秋冬季咸潮入侵加重和雨季土壤盐化程度加剧的状况,针对性的开展河口区域不同水文年各季节的土壤水盐调控,采取各种水利措施和农耕措施控制区域土壤水盐状况向有利于土壤改良和提高生产率的方向发展。  相似文献   

Differential HSP90α expression in fish hepatocytes from polluted estuary during summer   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ekambaram Padmini  Munuswamy Usha Rani  Bose Vijaya Geetha 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1118-1126

The molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α), plays an important role in protein folding, degradation of denatured proteins and steroid activation. It is essential for the maintenance of cellular integrity and survival when induced in response to environmental, physical and chemical stresses. In the present investigation the effect of environmental stress on HSP90α expression was examined in grey mullet Mugil cephalus living in either a contaminated (Ennore) or uncontaminated (Kovalam) estuary over two seasons: Hepatocytes were isolated from grey mullet of both estuaries. Oxidative stress was determined along with HSP90α in these fish. Additionally, immunohistochemical changes were studied to confirm the HSP90α expression. Comparison of the results revealed enhanced hepatocyte oxidative stress and HSP90α expressions in fish from Ennore to a significant extent than fish from Kovalam. Also, the results showed significant seasonal variations with maximum expression observed during summer compared to the monsoon season. Overexpression of HSP90α in hepatocytes exposed to chronic environmental stress by pollutants may confer differential effects on cell survival by protecting against oxidative stress induced changes. The results also indicate that seasonal variations have significant effect on the HSP90α expression.  相似文献   

Sedimentary characterization of Tagus estuarine beaches (Portugal)     

Paula Freire  Rui Taborda  Ana M. Silva 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2007,7(5):296-302

Background, Aim and Scope  The distribution of sediments in estuarine beaches is controlled by the interactions between sediment supply, hydrodynamic processes and human intervention. The main purpose of this study is to characterize the sediments of Tagus estuarine beaches in order to understand their origin and to contribute to a better knowledge of the Tagus estuary sediment budget. Methods  Surface sediment samples were collected across beach profiles and sand grain size analysis was performed by dry sieving. Grain size statistics for the median (d₅₀) and standard deviation (SDM) were obtained using the Moment method. This study was complemented by a qualitative evaluation of the sediment composition. Cross-shore topographic surveys were conducted for selected sampling sites. Results  Tagus estuarine beach sediments are mainly composed of quartz sand particles which are fine-grained and well sorted near the mouth of the estuary and medium to coarse-grained and moderately sorted in the inner domain. Compositional results show evidence of active anthropogenic sediment sources, especially in the coarser fractions. Discussion  The analysis of the textural and compositional characteristics of beach sediments in the inner estuarine domain is compatible with local sedimentary sources, while a marine signature is present at the mouth and inlet channel sediments. In the inner domain, differences in the sedimentary processes are represented by the textural characteristics of the sediments, such as the sorting degree and the gravel content. Sediment characteristics also reflect human intervention in the system, with the introduction of anthropogenic and allochthonous particles and the mixture of sediments from different sources. Conclusions  The sediments of the inner Tagus estuarine beaches are derived from local Plio-Pleistocene outcrops while inlet and outer estuary beaches reveal a dominant marine source. Beach textural variability observed in the inner domain is not related to wave forcing gradients, but mainly to variations in the sedimentary processes along the estuarine margins and to human intervention. Results show that the Tagus estuarine beaches depended, almost exclusively, on sediment input from local sources until the last century. With increasing human occupation, sediment transfers became dominated by anthropogenically related activities mainly connected with the occupation of estuarine margins and dredging. Recommendations and Perspectives  Further studies should extend the present level of knowledge in what concerns sand transport patterns through additional compositional and geochemical analysis, and the development of new techniques in order to allow the quantitative evaluation of the impact of human activities on the sediment budget.  相似文献   

基于BP人工神经网络的长江河口地区土壤盐分动态模拟及预测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

余世鹏  杨劲松  刘广明  邹平 《土壤》2008,40(6):976-979

为开展长江河口地区土壤盐分动态的中长期模拟与预测,采用人工神经网络中应用较为成熟和广泛的BP网络建立长江河口地区土壤盐分与降雨量、蒸发量、长江水电导率、内河水电导率、地下水位、地下水电导率6因子间的非线性神经网络响应模型。网络模型结构为6-11-1,隐含层单元数用"试错法"确定。选择合适的参数训练和学习网络模型后,对河口地区2003年各月平均根层土壤电导率进行预测,并与线性回归模型预测结果进行比较。结果表明:BP网络模型较线性回归模型具有更高的预测精度,平均相对预测误差为7.3%,预测值与实测值相关性良好,可以满足实际应用需求。  相似文献   

长江口浮游植物群落的聚类分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张锦平  夏静 《上海水产大学学报》2006,15(4):456-460

根据2003年8月长江口深水航道水生态调查20个站点所采集的浮游植物样品，对长江口丰水期浮游植物种类组成及群落结构进行了聚类分析。调查区浮游植物种类共检出50种，主要分属3种生态类型。聚类分析将20个站点聚合为3类（类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ），类群Ⅰ主要位于长兴岛以西水域，为淡水性群落类型；类群Ⅱ和Ⅲ则位于长兴岛以东水域，分别为河口近岸低盐性群落类型和外海高盐性群落类型。上述3个类群中，以河口近岸低盐性群落类型种类最多。结合三个类群的环境指标来看，盐度、悬浮物浓度、浊度在三个类群中差异很大。  相似文献   

Potential chemical time bombs in the schelde estuary     

G. T. M. Van Eck  N. M. De Rooij 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1993,4(4):317-332

The Schelde estuary is heavily polluted with many different (micro)pollutants. This results in high concentrations in the abiotic and biotic compartments of the Schelde estuary and in various effects. the present day suboxic and anoxic conditions in the upper estuary are probably responsible for the high distribution coefficients for some trace metals in the lower Schelde estuary (Western Schelde). a future reduction in discharges with a high biological oxygen demand will therefore not only result in higher oxygen concentrations, but probably also in lower distribution coefficients for trace metals in the Western Schelde. Simulations show that lower trace metal distribution coefficients will probably result in higher concentrations of dissolved (bioavailable) trace metals, even with substantially reduced discharge rates, due to the desorption of trace metals from resuspended bottom sediments.  相似文献   

大渡河乐山段2013-2016年浮游动物群落特征变化     

方艳红  王文君  王崇  陈锋  杨钟  汪应文 《水生态学杂志》2023,44(3):94-101

为了解大渡河沙湾至乐山段安谷水电站建设过程中浮游动物群落变化,于施工期2013-2014年和运行期2015-2016年的每年春、秋两季对主河道、左侧河网及支流浮游动物群落进行监测。结果显示,2013-2016年调查共鉴定出浮游动物263种,优势种为12种属,旋轮虫属(Philodina)为施工期、运行期共有优势种属。浮游动物平均密度为658.55个/L,平均生物量为0.1102 mg/L;施工期和运行期浮游动物密度和生物量差异不显著,春季平均密度最高值出现在2014年(621.15个/L),秋季平均密度最高值出现在2015年(674.19个/L),2013年春、秋季的生物量均为最高(0.1324 mg/L、0.1070 mg/L),浮游动物密度和生物量在季节分布上差异不大。在空间分布上,支流高于主河道、左侧河网、岷江。施工期、运行期浮游动物密度、生物量与环境因子溶解氧(DO)、流速(V)呈负相关,与水温(WT)、氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)、硝氮(NO₃^--N)、总氮(TN)、磷酸盐(H₃  相似文献   

河口区中国对虾池水化学状况   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

臧维玲  戴习林  朱正国  徐桂荣  徐仁国 《上海水产大学学报》1992,(Z2)

本文报道了杭州湾畔对虾养殖池水的化学状况。1990年6—10月和1991年7—8月内所观测的虾池水化学成分平均值分别为:总含盐量9.5g/l,碱度1.79m mol/l,pH8.98,阴阳离子含量最高者分别为Cl~-(5.5g/l)与Na~++K~+(3.1g/l),为典型河口水质特点,但仍属海水水质体系,即系氯化水,钠组,Ⅲ型(Cl_Ⅲ~(Na))。有效氮含量丰富,总量平均为1.65mg/l,其中总氨氮占56%,硝酸氮占39%,亚硝酸氮占5%,可溶性有效磷含量较低,仅为0.012,N/P=304(原子比)化学耗氧量(COD_(Mn))17.4mg/l,可溶性有机物与悬浮颗粒有机物含量近为相等。据观测结果与多年生产状况,认为河口区虾池每59小时排换水量约40%,3—4cm虾苗放养密度为18.0±3.0万尾/公顷的管理方式较为合理  相似文献