同源四倍体及其原二倍体黑皮冬瓜光合光响应模型筛选     

万正林  周艳霞  武鹏  邓俭英  李立志  龙明华 《热带作物学报》2019,40(10):2083-2090

为了筛选出最适合黑皮冬瓜Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.的光合光响应模型,为其育种提供理论依据,以同源四倍体及其原二倍体黑皮冬瓜为试验材料,对8种经典的光合光响应模型适用性进行了比较分析。结果表明：二次多项式能够表现出光抑制情况,但在拟合过程中出现暗呼吸速率为正值、光补偿点为负值及无法解释当光强达到饱和后光合速率快速下降的问题;直角双曲线、非直角双曲线及指数函数Ⅰ、指数函数Ⅱ无法直接求取光饱和点、光补偿点,结合常用的光饱和点的计算方法得到的光饱和点与实测值均存在较大的偏差,且指数函数Ⅱ在计算光饱和点时表现出明显的人为性,也无法拟合光抑制情况,但4种模型拟合得到的光补偿点均与实测值相差不大;指数修正模型因系数β为负值,无法求取四倍体黑皮冬瓜材料的光饱和点和最大净光合速率,且拟合得到的四倍体黑皮冬瓜的光补偿点明显低于实测值;直角双曲线修正模型计算得到的暗呼吸速率及二倍体黑皮冬瓜的光饱和点明显低于实测值,但获得的四倍体及其二倍体的最大净光合速率与实测值最接近,说明其在拟合最大净光合速率上有优势;整体上分段函数计算得到的黑皮冬瓜的各光合参数与实测值最为接近,与实测值的平均相对误差最小,也能很好的拟合发生光抑制部分的光响应曲线。分段函数拟合同源四倍体及其原二倍体黑皮冬瓜光合光响应曲线效果较其他模型效果好,分段函数模型为黑皮冬瓜最适合的光合光响应模型。  相似文献   

中国高粱光温类型的初步研究     

邢荣 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(2)

1、在短光照或温室条件件下高粱品种出苗～抽穗期日数显著缩短,供试品种平均比对照分别缩短12.5天和13.635天,缩短百分率分别为18.8和20.5;伴随苗穗期日数的缩短,叶片数在短光或温室条件下分别减少3.9和4.275片,减少百分数分别为22.24和24.22;株高分别降低60.15和47.65厘米,降低百分数为25.88和20.5,表明光、温直接影响高粱的生育进程和器官建成的数量与结构。 2、高粱品种生育日数变化主要反映在出苗～抽穗期。出苗～抽穗日数在短光或温室条件下分别减少18.8％和20.5％.而抽穗～成熟日数仅减少5.1％和8.3％,表明高粱出苗～抽穗期是光温反应的最大效应期。 3、不同品种在短光或温室条件下性状变化的趋势一致,但程度明显不同;同一品种同一性状在上述条件下变化程度也不同。根据供试品种对光温敏感的程度划为四大类群,其数量与地理分布如下: Ⅰ、光温敏感型,占试验品种总数的20％.分布在长江以北,辽宁以南地区。Ⅱ、温敏感型,包括温敏感光中度敏感型和温敏感光迟钝型,占25%,分布在黄河以北,北纬45℃以南的山西、内蒙、辽宁、河北北部和吉林南部。Ⅲ、光敏感型、包括光敏感沮中度敏感型和光敏感温迟钝型,占12.5％,分布在黄河(北纬35°)以南,南岭(北纬25°)以北地区。Ⅳ、中度敏感型占42.5％,分布广且没有明显的地带性。试验未发现对光、温都迟钝的类型。北方温敏感型品种较多,短日性较弱,南方光敏感型品种较多,短日性强、感温性中等或较弱。不同光温类型的形成、分布与其所处的生态环境即光温条件和栽培制度密切相关。 4、温敏感型和光敏感型中早熟品种较多,占86％,光温敏感型品种既有早熟的,中熟的、也有晚熟的,所以光温敏感的品种不一定全是早熟品种,而晚熟品种也并非对光温反应不敏感。中度敏感型品种也有早熟、中熟和晚熟之分。在不同光温条件和栽培制度下,不同光温类型熟性变化的主导因素不同。 5、光、温在形成高粱不同类型过程中的效应是相互联系而又有区别的,光、温效应对不同环境下的不同类型有主次之分,大小之别;光、温效应在高粱不同发育阶段既是同步性的,又是顺序性的。  相似文献   

不同遮荫强度对几种苗木生长的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗宁 《林业调查规划》2005,30(5):120-122

以黄金榕、花斑垂叶榕、乳斑榕的苗木为试验材料，来探讨不同遮荫强度苗木生长、水份利用及苗木生长环境的影响，试验表明：一层遮荫网处理的苗木比无遮荫网和二层遮荫网处理的苗木在株高、冠幅、根径以及叶片数目等方面均增长较快，苗木的地下部分、叶和茎含水量均较低。无遮荫处理利用较多水分，以及土壤温度在14：00点左右的时间明显高于所有的遮荫处理。  相似文献   

分泌抗鸡Ig单抗杂交瘤细胞系的建立与单抗生物学特性的鉴定   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

梁荣  冯斌 《中国兽医学报》1997,17(2):140-144

从传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）杂交瘤细胞系１Ｄ１０、１Ｇ１中得到了３株能稳定分泌抗鸡免疫球蛋白（Ｉｇ）ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞系１Ｂ７、１Ｄ７、３Ｇ６。其抗体类和亚类均属ＩｇＧ２ｂ，腹水的ＥＬＩＳＡ效价≥１∶２５６００，琼扩效价为１∶８～１∶１６。３株ＭｃＡｂ能与鸡血清中的Ｉｇ出现沉淀反应，琼扩在２４ｈ以内出现清晰的沉淀线，而不能和鸭、鸽、鹌鹑等禽类及异种动物血清出现沉淀线。纯化的鸡ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ后，分别用纯化并经辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＰＲ）标记的１Ｂ７、１Ｄ７、３Ｇ６单抗酶结合物进行免疫印迹试验证明，３株单抗识别的均为ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ分子的轻链  相似文献   

不同放牧强度对滩羊生产性能影响的研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李文娆  张岁歧  杨刚  山仑  王宁 《草业科学》2006,23(1):65-70

为寻找适宜宁夏盐池县草地的放牧强度,于2003年5-11月在该县四墩子试点设5个处理(0.45、0.60、1.75、1.05和1.50只/hm2)进行轮牧,轮牧周期为42 d,共放牧154 d。结果表明:1)滩羊采食量随放牧强度的加重而降低。同一放牧强度下,随放牧时间推移,采食量先逐渐增大而后下降。2)在试验期内,不同放牧强度下,滩羊体重随时间推移总体上都呈增加趋势。在10月2日之后体重开始出现分化。与放牧强度重的处理相比,放牧强度轻的处理日增重峰值较高,持续时间较长。3)滩羊个体增重与放牧强度之间存在着强的负相关;单位草地面积(1 hm2)增重与放牧强度之间呈强的正相关,初步可以确定在该类草地上放牧强度应在0.75只/hm2左右。4)随着放牧强度的加重,饲料报酬先增大后减小。在同一放牧强度下,饲料报酬随时间的推移先升高后降低。5)当放牧强度超过0.75只/hm2以后,滩羊出现了空怀、产羔率降低和推迟怀孕的现象。6)综合考虑各研究指标,该类草地放牧强度以不应超过0.75只/hm2为宜。  相似文献   

Influence of Low Light Irradiance on Grain Filling in Rice (Oryza saliva L.) cultivars     

S. R. VOLETI  V. P. SINGH 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(1):1-4

Time course of grain filling pattern in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, grown under normal and low light intensities, was studied. The number of spikelets, partially filled grains and high density grains were monitored at a 5 day interval during grain filling period from uniform panicles tagged at anthesis. The low light tolerant cultivar Swarnaprabha had more high density grains and less partially filled grains throughout the grain filling period and at harvest compared to cultivar Ratna under both normal and low light intensities. Further, the opening of spikelets in two flushes in Swarnaprabha seemed to result in a more efficient resource allocation and hence better yield as compared to Ratna, in which the opening of spikelets was in a single flush on day 10.  相似文献   

轻型木结构建筑覆板的集中静载性能   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王戈  费本华  林利民  唐伟  徐兰英 《木材工业》2005,19(4):9-11

介绍轻型木结构建筑覆板集中静载结构性能试验的装置、条件和方法,并进行国产人工林落叶松胶合板作轻型木结构覆板的集中静载性能研究.结果表明:与国外胶合板覆板具有相同厚度的国产落叶松屋面板和楼面板,其集中载荷性能均优于相关标准的要求.  相似文献   

Influence of death struggle on the structural changes in chub mackerel muscle during chilled storage     

Masashi Ando  Masao Joka  Satoshi Mochizuki  Koh-Ichi Satoh  Yasuyuki Tsukamasa  Yasuo Makinodan 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(4):744-751

ABSTRACT: Chub mackerel (34–35 cm, approximately 500 g), which were caught by fishing with a rod and line at the Bungo Channel, Oita prefecture, were rested overnight in a fish preserve and either killed by decapitation (control group) or allowed to struggle in air for 30 min (struggled group). Muscle samples were excised every 4 h, and measurements on breaking strength and histological observations were done for both groups. The breaking strength of muscle in the control group was significantly higher than that in the struggled group, whereby a decrease in breaking strength was delayed for 12 h compared to the struggled group. Light microscopy showed space extension among muscle cells in association with a decrease in breaking strength. Especially in the struggled group, the extended area was larger and the difference in area was significant at the time when breaking strength showed a significant difference. Using electron microscopy, the extended area showed cut and/or disappeared collagen fibrils. From these results, it was demonstrated that struggling to death promoted the degradation of collagen fibrils and the weakening of connective tissue and, resultantly, led to the faster softening of muscle of chub mackerel.  相似文献   

Grouped, stacked rods and tapeta lucida in the retina of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus     

Kamonpan Awaiwanont  Wisnu Gunarso  Munefumi Sameshima  Seiichi Hayashi  Gunzo Kawamura 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(5):804-810

ABSTRACT: Morphology of the photoreceptor cells and tapetum of the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus was studied by histologically and by chemical analysis. The Japanese anchovy has a duplex retina. The cones form parallel rows consisting of alternately placed long cones and bifid cones. Both types of cones are intimately associated and form triple units that are regularly spaced along the row of cones. The rods are grouped and stacked. This fish has a retinal tapetum lucidum composed of guanine and hypoxanthine. Three structures of the tapetum lucidum were recognized: platelet, diamond and rod types. Photomechanical changes include movements of the photoreceptor cells and the retinal tapetum. The retina of the Japanese anchovy is thought to be highly sensitive and well adapted to a dim light environment.  相似文献   

Application of acoustic Doppler current profiler combined with a scientific echo sounder for krill Euphausia pacifica density estimation     

Kyounghoon  LEE  Tohru  MUKAI  Donhyug  KANG  Kohji  IIDA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(6):1051-1060

ABSTRACT:   An application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP, 153.6 kHz) in combination with a scientific echo sounder (EK60, 38 and 200 kHz) was investigated to estimate the density of krill Euphausia pacifica . The acoustic backscattering strength from sound scattering layers was compared with biomass estimates from midwater trawls. Euphausia pacifica was targeted among mixed species populations in the sound scattering layer in the offshore Funka Bay area of Hokkaido, Japan. The frequency characteristics of acoustic backscattering by krill were calculated using a distorted wave Born approximation scattering model at three frequencies. Krill aggregations identified from the EK60 data were extracted as the mean volume backscattering strength difference between two frequencies. They were then used to identify similar aggregations in the ADCP data by matching observation times and depths for the two methods, which were applied simultaneously. Results from the comparison of the mean volume backscattering strength and the density calculated from the ADCP and EK60 showed that ADCP can be used to measure density and spatial–temporal distribution of krill aggregations. Current speed and direction at the study site were found to be 16.1 cm/s and 187.0°, respectively, and krill speed and direction (including the current component) were found to be 19.8 cm/s and 172.2°, respectively. Based on the ADCP data, the net speed and direction of the krill aggregations were found to be 5.9 cm/s and 128.0°, respectively.  相似文献