A note on the genetic diversity of the vulnerable aquatic macrophyte Sparganium erectum and its congeners (Sparganiaceae) in rural wetland in Japan     

TEMPEI ISHII  YUICHIRO NAKAYAMA  MIKIO KOBAYASHI  HIROFUMI YAMAGUCHI 《Weed Biology and Management》2004,4(4):230-234

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10种水生植物的氮磷吸收和水质净化能力比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

金树权  周金波  朱晓丽  姚永如  蔡国成  陈若霞 《农业环境保护》2010,(8):1571-1575

选取10种水生植物水罂粟、黄花水龙、大聚藻、香菇草、水芹、大薸、凤眼莲、美人蕉、黄菖蒲和鸢尾等为研究对象,于2009年2月中旬至6月中旬在室内静水条件下对其吸收氮、磷和净化水质的能力进行了比较研究。结果表明：（1）不同水生植物的净增生物量差异较大,变化范围为109.9-1 511.1 g.m-2,其中香菇草净增生物量最高,是黄花水龙（最低）的13.7倍;（2）不同水生植物的氮、磷含量差异较小,其氮、磷量变化范围分别为13.67~26.38 mg.g-1和1.16~3.50 mg.g-1;（3）不同水生植物的水质净化能力差异较大,10种水生植物的水质氮、磷去除率范围分别为36.3%~91.8%和23.2%~94.0%,10种水生植物的氮、磷吸收贡献率分别占水质氮、磷去除率的46.3%~77.0%和54.3%~92.7%。水体氮、磷去除率与水生植物净增生物量存在较高相关性,而与植株氮、磷含量不存在相关性,因而氮、磷吸收量而不是植株氮、磷含量应作为水生植物筛选的一个重要指标。  相似文献   

淡水水生植物化感控藻的研究进展     

胡建立  周迟骏  祈小丹  周丽丽 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(2):956-957,961

化感控藻是浅水湖泊保持清洁状态的机制之一。介绍了淡水高等水生植物化感作用的研究现状;总结了具有抑藻活性的水生植物种类;讨论了化感物质及其特性;对化感作用的抑藻机理进行了探索;阐述了环境因素对水生植物化感抑藻作用的影响;并且展望了化感作用在修复水生生态中的应用前景。  相似文献   

Movement and habitat use of the freshwater catfish (Tandanus tandanus) in a remnant floodplain wetland          下载免费PDF全文

Wayne M. Koster  David R. Dawson  Pam Clunie  Fern Hames  John McKenzie  Paul D. Moloney  David A. Crook 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2015,24(3):443-455

Knowledge of the movement and habitat use of fishes is important in identifying and understanding the causes of population declines and predicting how populations are likely to respond to management interventions. In this study, radiotelemetry was used to examine the spring and summer movement and habitat use patterns of the freshwater catfish (Tandanus tandanus) in a remnant wetland to inform the development of recovery actions for this threatened species. Twenty‐one adult fish were tagged and released within Tahbilk Lagoon, Victoria, Australia, in September 2009. Fish were located every 1–2 weeks between September 2009 and February 2010, a period which coincides with the spawning period for the species. Eleven of the fish were also tracked every 2 h for 68 consecutive hours in December 2009 to examine diel movements. The study revealed that freshwater catfish make extensive use of cover (e.g. wood and macrophytes) and typically have limited ranges (median total linear range and 90% linear range 599 and 173 m respectively), although they occasionally moved more extensively (up to 1.5 km) between floodplain and riverine habitats. Fish moved over much greater areas at night compared with during the day. There was also evidence of sex‐specific variation in movement, with a trend for greater movement of female fish at night compared with males. The results of the study suggest that strategies that protect macrophyte and wood habitats and improve connectivity between riverine and floodplain habitats are likely to be important in maintaining and restoring remnant populations of this species.  相似文献   

Lake habitat suitability for the rare European macrophyte Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt     

Ruth Wingfield  Kevin Murphy  Martin Gaywood 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2005,15(3):227-241

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Alien aquatic plant species in European countries     

A HUSSNER 《Weed Research》2012,52(4):297-306

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漂浮植物对富营养化景观水体的净化效果研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

吴湘  杨肖娥  李廷强  方云英 《水土保持学报》2007,21(5):128-132

利用软隔离小区试验研究了凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes)、黄花水龙(Jussiaen repens L.)、空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb.)、水鳖(Hydrocharis dubia(Bl.)Backer.)和四角菱(Trapaquadrispinosa Roxb.)5种不同漂浮植物对富营养化景观水体的净化效果,研究结果表明,经过100天植物处理,5种飘浮植物对水体中总氮的去除率为黄花水龙(63)%>凤眼莲(57%)>水鳖(46%)>四角菱(42%)>空心莲子草(34%),对总磷的去除率为凤眼莲(52%)>黄花水龙(50%)>水鳖(45%)>四角菱(31%)>空心莲子草(22%),其中凤眼莲、黄花水龙处理围区的水质净化效果最好,水体中总氮和总磷的去除率也最高,这与植物自身吸收同化污染水体中氮素、磷素的能力大小及植物根系微生物的作用都有关。凤眼莲、黄花水龙在提高水体透明度方面表现最佳,试验围区在处理40天后水质透明度即可达到1 m以上,而空心莲子草、水鳖和四角菱的试验围区则需要处理60天以后透明度才能达到1 m以上。5种漂浮植物对富营养化景观水体都有较好的净化效果,且易于成活,容易管理,可在今后的水质净化中推广应用。  相似文献   

Linking geomorphic character,behaviour and condition to fluvial biodiversity: implications for river management     

Bruce C. Chessman  Kirstie A. Fryirs  Gary J. Brierley 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2006,16(3):267-288

• 1. The River Styles^® framework is a geomorphic approach to the classification of river types, assessment of the physical condition of rivers, and planning of physical rehabilitation. However, the linkages between River Styles and aquatic biodiversity conservation are still only weakly developed.
• 2. In this study, 41 sites in the Bega River basin in New South Wales, Australia, were classified according to River Style and geomorphic condition, and surveyed for four biological assemblages: diatoms, aquatic and semi‐aquatic macrophytes, aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish.
• 3. Each assemblage differed significantly among River Styles. However, in the case of diatoms and fish, these differences could be accounted for by geographic clustering of sites in the same River Style, and a tendency for River Styles to occupy particular altitudinal zones and sizes of streams. This result was attributed to the overriding influences of water quality on diatoms and of altitude‐related variation in water temperature and distance from the ocean on fish. For macrophytes and macroinvertebrates, geomorphic river type appeared to exert a direct influence, probably via variation in physical habitat characteristics.
• 4. Geomorphic condition, judged as good, moderate or poor by reference to the inferred natural condition of each River Style, was also significantly associated with differences in biological assemblages other than fish. Twice as many taxa appeared to favour sites in good geomorphic condition as favoured sites in poor condition. Many of the taxa associated with sites in poor condition are alien taxa introduced to Australia since European settlement.
• 5. These findings imply that protection of reaches that are in good geomorphic condition is likely to be critical for the maintenance of indigenous biodiversity, and that rehabilitation of geomorphic condition can assist in the rehabilitation of native riverine biota.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

农田汇水河道水生植物原位净化工程处理效果分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张迎颖  闻学政  姚一丹  杨非  王岩  刘海琴  张志勇 《农业环境科学学报》2019,38(7):1607-1615

为了研究水生植物原位净化工程处理效果,于2017年5—11月,在江苏省泗洪县四河乡的农田汇水河道,利用水葫芦和绿狐尾藻构建组合生态浮床,沿着水流方向设置4个水质采样点,每月监测水体基本理化指标,主要包括水温(T)、酸碱度(pH)、溶解氧(DO)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))、悬浮物(SS),分析河段水质沿程变化;在试验开始时、每次采收时监测单位面积植物生物量,干物质含量与氮磷含量,计算植物氮磷富集量。结果显示:植物种养后,沿程各采样点数据对比,水体pH值逐渐趋于中性;各采样时间数据对比,水体DO浓度呈升高趋势。在植物旺盛生长期(7—10月),组合生态浮床对河段水体TN、TP、COD和SS的沿程总消减率分别为50.41%～78.00%、44.62%～73.33%、46.15%～57.82%和33.33%～52.38%,其中最高值出现在8月。按照有效试验周期180 d(5—10月)计算,水葫芦的氮、磷去除量分别约为0.76 g·m~(-2)·d~(-1)和0.09 g·m~(-2)·d~(-1);绿狐尾藻的氮、磷去除量分别约为1.17 g·m~(-2)·d~(-1)和0.08 g·m~(-2)·d~(-1)。除了植物自身的吸收作用,根系微生物降解作用在污染物净化过程中也发挥了重要作用。在农田汇水河道原位净化工程中,水葫芦与绿狐尾藻组合生态浮床大幅消减水体氮磷浓度,有效降解有机物及拦截颗粒物,对于缓解下游水域富营养化问题具有积极的意义。  相似文献   

沉水植物种植工程实施后物种多样性的变化——以武汉紫阳湖为例     

胡胜华  史诗乐  梅劭明  熊鹏辉  刘祖勇  李志成 《绿色科技》2019,(2):9-11,16

对武汉紫阳湖的沉水植物种植工程实施后的物种多样性的变化特征进行了分析,探讨了沉水植物种植工程中物种的恢复情况。结果表明:种植工程是沉水植物生物量不断增加的过程,首先导致种植区内特有种的出现,其次为稀有种。从生活型来看,多年生沉水植物受种植工程的影响最大,而一年生沉水植物可存活种植于工程区的内部与外部,在种植工程区内沉水植物物种的绝灭速率小于定居速率。这表明在湖泊种植沉水植物,首先,必须要有一定的保护区域;其次,种植沉水植物群落是需要经历一定时间与空间的重组过程。  相似文献