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1.
人工诱导池养3+龄鲥鱼性腺发育的初步试验与探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过模似鲥鱼性腺发育的自然生态条件和埋植 LHRH-A 和 Testosterone 缓释放颗粒激素,诱导池养3~+龄鲥鱼性腺发育季至第1期,成熟系数达0.9%。试验摸索出麻醉操作鲥鱼不死的有效方法。对今后鲥鱼全人工繁殖的前景及有关问题进行了探讨. 相似文献
2.
Xugan Wu Yongxu Cheng Liying Sui Xiaozhen Yang Tianzuo Nan & Jinqing Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(14):1459-1467
The morphological characteristics, tissue indices, proximate and fatty acid compositions of hepatopancreas, gonad and muscle of pond‐reared (PR) and lake‐stocked (LS) Eriocheir sinensis broodstock were compared. Lake‐stocked crabs are characterized by a blue carapace, white abdomen, golden legs and yellow setae while PR crabs have a brown carapace, grey abdomen, black legs and similar yellow setae. The carapace length and width of PR crabs were significantly less than those of LS crabs of the same wet weight (WW). The results showed that the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of PR males was significantly higher, but the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly lower for PR females when compared with LS individuals of the same sex. Regardless of their origin, the muscular index (MI) of males was higher than that of females. The hepatopancreas of LS crabs had higher protein levels and lower lipid levels compared with PR crabs. The results of proximate analysis of male gonads from two different sources were similar, while the protein level in the ovary of LS females was higher than that of PR females. The tissues of males had higher water content but lower lipid and protein levels compared with females regardless of their source. The LS crabs had higher highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) levels than PR crabs in their gonad and hepatopancreas. In conclusion, our results suggest that the nutritional quality of LS crabs is better than that of PR crabs, the nutritional quality of males is poorer than that of females. The reproductive performance and larval quality of crabs from these two rearing systems should be further verified. 相似文献
3.
Observations on growth, sexual maturity and spawning performance of pond-reared Penaeus merguiensis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This 12‐month preliminary study investigated the development of sexual characters, primary sexual maturity, ovarian maturity and spawning performance of pond‐reared Penaeus merguiensis in relation to culture conditions in south‐east Queensland, Australia. Post‐larvae of P. merguiensis were produced and cultured in two 60‐m3 tanks during the first 14 weeks. Before winter, they were harvested and stocked in three different overwintering facilities: a 200‐m2 covered pond, two 60‐m3 outdoor tanks and a 15‐m3 indoor, recirculated tank at a stocking density of 10 individuals m?2. The development of sexual characters was found to be similar to that reported previously in wild P. merguiensis. Males matured at younger ages and smaller sizes than females. Overall, the average size at primary sexual maturity of pond‐reared P. merguiensis was 23.1 mm carapace length for males (possessed spermatophores) and 29.3 mm for females (being impregnated). Water temperature and the availability of natural food strongly influenced prawn growth, maturity rate and their subsequent spawning performance. Growth, maturity rate and spawning performance of prawns in the covered pond were significantly higher than in the other overwintering facilities. Prawns started mating at 6–7 months, reached full ovarian maturation and spawned as early as about 8 (peaked at 9–11) months from hatching, producing high fecundity and viable larvae. There was a strong relationship (P < 0.001) between prawn size and fecundity. The results of this study suggest a potential for using pond‐reared broodstock P. merguiensis for hatchery production and for domestication or selective breeding programmes. 相似文献
4.
The present study describes the ovarian histology of stunted freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The ovarian maturation of stunted animals was examined and compared with similar‐aged normal females. Ten animals of the stunted group and each maturation stage of the normal group were sampled from the same pond and had their ovaries removed for histological analysis. Body weight, body length, ovarian weight and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were recorded for each female. The diameters of the different oocyte types were compared among groups through histological assessments. The ovarian histology of stunted M. rosenbergii females indicated that although the somatic growth is severely affected (7.6 g), some energy has been placed on the vitellogensis. Stunted females showed the simultaneous occurrence of previtellogenic, vitellogenic and mature oocytes in their ovarian tissue, but overall oocyte diameter and GSI (1.02%) were significantly affected when compared with normal females. 相似文献
5.
池塘养殖和野生长江水系中华绒螯蟹扣蟹形态学及生化组成的比较研究 总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7
采用形态学测量和生化分析等方法,比较了野生和池塘养殖条件下长江水系中华绒螯蟹扣蟹的形态学、肝胰腺指数(HSI)、常规生化组成和脂肪酸组成。结果发现:野生和池塘养殖扣蟹的形态学特征差异较大,雌雄个体均有4个贡献较大的主成分(PC1,PC2,PC3,PC4),其中PC1的贡献率均远高于其他主成分,两者PC1分别由16和19个主要影响变量构成;所测36个形态学指标中,两群体雄蟹和雌蟹分别有25和22个形态学指标差异显著,进一步筛选判别贡献率较大的4~5个指标分别建立判断方程,综合判别准确率达95%以上;野生扣蟹的HSI、组织中总脂、躯体肌肉的16:0、18:1n9和20:4n6含量均高于池塘养殖扣蟹,后者组织中水分含量、躯体肌肉中的18:0、20:5n3和22:6n3高于前者。研究表明,野生和池塘养殖扣蟹的形态学和生化组成均存在较大差异,可以根据两群体扣蟹的形态学差异和判别方程鉴别两种扣蟹蟹种。 相似文献
6.
C. Regunathan 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1):1-17
ABSTRACT The shrimp hatchery industry worldwide has placed immense interest on the production of closed-life cycle broodstock from farm stock. Unfortunately, majority of the studies have proven that pond-reared broodstock are inferior to their wild counterparts in terms of reproductive performance, spawn quality and post-hatching performance. In the present study, reproductive performance, egg, and nauplii quality of wild and pond-reared Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, broodstock were analyzed. Biochemical analyses were done with egg and nauplii from both the sources, in an attempt to explain the difference in their performance. Results indicated better reproductive performance by wild females compared to pond-reared ones. The wild eggs contained higher total lipid, and vital HUFAs namely EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid), DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) and ARA (Arachidonic acid). However, one of the dominant PUFA, 18:2 (n-6) was high in pond broodstock eggs. Biochemical analysis also indicated that glucose, carotenoids, and triacylglycerol content were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in wild eggs. But, egg protein and triacylglycerol content did not record significant difference between the egg samples. The percentage viable nauplii, nauplii length and triacylglycerol content were all significantly higher (P < 0.05) with wild nauplii. This study proves the better nutritional profile of wild eggs and nauplii in terms of analyzed biochemical components. But, as our knowledge on specific nutrient requirement for successful reproductive performance and offspring quality is limited, the better performance of wild eggs could not be attributed to any single nutrient. Meanwhile, it could be presumed that all the deficient nutrients collectively contributed to the poor reproductive performance and spawn quality. 相似文献
7.
池养线纹尖塘鳢的生长和生长模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于2001年4月至2006年8月对池塘养殖的线纹尖塘鳢Oxyeleotris lineolatus的生长特性连续进行了6年多的观察研究。结果表明：Ⅰ-Ⅵ龄鱼体长和体重相对增长率和生长指标随着年龄增长而逐渐下降,体长和体重的关系式为W=0．0186L^3.1312,体长（LB）与全长（LT）的关系式为LT=1．1385LB＋0．8702;应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程求得其体长、体重生长方程分别为Lt=48．43[1-e^-0.3099（t＋0.4826）],Wt=3515．53[1-e^-0.3099（t＋0.4826）]^3.1312,体重生长曲线拐点tx=3．2龄,相应的体长为32.96cm,体重为1053．93g;生长速度和加速度曲线能反映生长过程的变化特点,按生长特征值分析可分为两个时期,即t〈3．2龄前的生长迅速期和t〉3．2龄后的生长减缓期,表明线纹尖塘鳢在池塘中具有良好的生长潜力;用特殊Yon Bertalanffy生长方程、一般VonBertalanffy、Logistic、Gompertz生长方程和灰色动态生长模型（GDGM）等5种生长方程拟合了池养线纹尖塘鳢的生长,根据各方程拟合残差平方和的大小判断,灰色动态生长模型对其生长的拟合效果较好,其次是一般Von Bertalanffy生长方程。 相似文献
8.
土池肥水培育的生物饵料与卤虫无节幼体的脂类及脂肪酸组成的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定和比较了土池培育的褶皱臂尾轮虫（Brachionus plicatilis,简称轮虫）、背刺胸刺水蚤（Centropages dorsispinatus,简称桡足类）、日本新糠虾（Neomysis joponica,简称糠虾）和渤海品系卤虫（Artemia sp.）无节幼体（简称卤幼）的水分、总脂、磷脂及脂肪酸组成。结果表明：（1）轮虫的水分含量显著高于其它3种生物饵料（P〈0.05）,卤幼的总脂/湿重、总脂/干重和磷脂/干重含量最高,轮虫的总脂含量最低（P〈0.05）,桡足类和糠虾的总脂及磷脂含量则介于两者之间。（2）4种生物饵料的脂肪酸组成差异显著（P〈0.05）,无论是中性脂还是极性脂,桡足类的DHA含量最高,糠虾和轮虫次之,卤幼最低（P〈0.05）;糠虾体内的EPA含量最高,卤幼次之,轮虫和桡足类的EPA含量显著低于前两者（P〈0.05）。（3）4种生物饵料中的∑HUFA的含量由高到低依次为糠虾〉桡足类〉轮虫〉卤幼,DHA/EPA值大小依次为桡足类〉轮虫〉糠虾〉卤幼。 相似文献
9.
线纹尖塘鳢的池养生长特性与幼成鱼饲养研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对人工繁殖的线纹尖塘鳢幼、成鱼进行连续29个月的池养饲养,观测其生长结果。结果表明,该鱼生长旺期在2龄鱼,年内生长呈现阶段性;体长与体重关系式为W=0·02L3·0754,属等速生长型鱼类。应用von Berta-lanffy方程,对连续饲养6龄鱼求得其体长、体重生长方程分别为Lt=48·4317[1-e-6·3099(t 0·4826)],Wt=3515·5347[1-e-0·3099(t 0·4826)]3·1312,体重生长拐点于3·2龄处,属衰老拐点。全长2·7～3·2cm幼鱼经第1年的网围、池塘、越冬池等分级中间培育,养成全长15～17·5cm幼鱼,成活率43·5%～58·3%;再经第2年的养成,个体重达300～750g,成活率92%～98%,单产1～1·8kg·m-2。 相似文献
10.
Induced spawning, larval development and rearing of two indigenous Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides and T. douronensis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Brett Ingram Stephen Sungan Geoff Gooley Sih Yang Sim David Tinggi & Sena S De Silva 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(10):983-995
The Mahseers (Tor spp.) are highly valued freshwater fishes across the Himalayan and South‐east Asian regions. Over exploitation of natural stocks because of high demand and the deteriorating environmental conditions have resulted in marked decline of mahseers in the wild. Malaysian mahseers, T. tambroides (Bleeker) and T. douronensis (Valenciennes), locally known as empurau, kelah or belian and semah, respectively, have significant cultural and economic importance but both species are now threatened in the wild because of environmental degradation and over fishing. A captive breeding programme was instigated to attempt to propagate these two species artificially for conservation and aquaculture purposes. Both pond‐reared and tank‐held T. tambroides and T. douronensis reached sexual maturity in captivity and were successfully induced to spawn using hormone treatments. Ovaprim (0.5 mL kg?1) was the most successful hormone treatment for both species. Pre‐treatment of fish with Ovaplant (28–68 μg kg?1, 2–7 weeks before spawning induction) greatly improved the success rate of spawning induction. Repeat spawning (within 4 months of initial spawning) was induced in some captive fish. Use of formalin baths improved hatching by preventing fungal infections. Embryonic development and hatching are described. Juveniles were reared in static greenwater ponds. Tor tambroides reached 142–179 g (max 270 g) in 60 weeks. These results represent the first successful captive spawning and rearing of both species. Options for future research to improve production are discussed. 相似文献