Plasma serotonin,tryptophan, hematological,and functional responses to horse trekking     

《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2014,9(5):248-253

Horse trekking is a noncompetitive physical activity conducted as a recreation and leisure experience, but so far potential effects on physiological changes in horses have not been investigated. The aim of the present research was to study whether trekking would affect plasma serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) concentrations in platelet poor plasma samples, together with its precursor tryptophan, and other hematological and functional variables. The study was carried out on 28 clinically healthy horses, habitually used for trekking, of which 18 participated in a 2-day trekking event, and 10 were used as the control group. The results obtained showed a significant effect of exercise on the serotonin, red blood cell, white blood cell, platelet, hematocrit, hemoglobin, heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature changes. These effects are probably related to a combination of submaximal exercise and some degree of dehydration. Prolonged and aerobic exercise, like that involved in trekking, could affect both the release of 5-HT from the stores in the blood stream as well as hematological and functional adaptations in response to physical effort. Moreover, results confirm a physiological influence of 5-HT in the regulation of the vascular system, induced by exercise. The present findings imply that assessment of plasma 5-HT as well as hematological and functional variables may be proposed as an additional tool to evaluate the physiological adjustment in response to physical activity in trained horses that may influence their performance.  相似文献   

Direct actions of serotonin on gonadotropin-II and growth hormone release from goldfish pituitary cells: interactions with gonadotropin-releasing hormone and dopamine and further evaluation of serotonin receptor specificity     

A.O.L. Wong  C.K. Murphy  J.P. Chang  C.M. Neumann  A. Lo  R.E. Peter 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1998,19(1):23-34

In this study, the direct actions of serotonin (5HT) on gonadotropin (GTH)-II and growth hormone (GH) release in the goldfish were tested at the pituitary cell level. 5HT (10 nM - 10 µM) stimulated GTH-II but inhibited GH release from perifused goldfish pituitary cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimal effective dose of 5HT tested to suppress basal GH secretion (10 nM) was 10-fold lower than that to stimulate GTH-II release (100 nM). The GTH-II releasing effect of 5HT was abolished by repeated 5HT treatment (10 µM) whereas the corresponding inhibition on GH release was unaffected. These results suggest that 5HT receptors on goldfish gonadotrophs and somatotrophs exhibit intrinsic differences in terms of sensitivity to stimulation and resistance to desensitization. Salmon GTH-releasing hormone (sGnRH, 100 nM) stimulated GTH-II and GH release from goldfish pituitary cells. The GTH-II releasing action of sGnRH was unaffected by simultaneous treatment of 5HT (1 µM). However, the corresponding GH response to sGnRH (100 nM) was inhibited. In the goldfish, dopamine is known to stimulate GH release through activation of pituitary D1 receptors. In the present study, the GH-releasing action of dopamine (1 µM) and the D1 agonist SKF38393 (1 µM) was significantly reduced by 5HT (1 µM). To examine the receptor specificity of 5HT action, the effects of 5HT1 and 5HT2 analogs on GTH-II and GH release were tested in goldfish pituitary cells. The 5HT1 agonist 8OH DPAT (0.1 and 1µM) and 5HT2 agonist methyl 5HT (0.1 1µM) mimicked the GTH-II releasing effect of 5HT. The 5HT1 agonist 8OH DPAT (0.1 and 1µM) also stimulated GH release but the 5HT2 agonist methyl 5HT (0.1 and 1µM) was inhibitory to basal GH secretion. In addition, 5HT (1µM) -stimulated GTH-II release was abolished by the 5HT1 antagonist methiothepin (10µM) and 5HT2 antagonist mianserin (10µM). Similarly, the inhibitory action of 5HT (1µM) on basal GH release was blocked by the 5HT2 antagonist mianserin (10µM). The 5HT1 antagonist methiothepin (10µM) was not effective in this regard. These results, taken together, indicate that 5HT exerts its regulatory actions on GTH-II and GH release in the goldfish directly at the pituitary cell level, probably through interactions with other regulators including sGnRH and dopamine. The GTH-II releasing action of 5HT is mediated through 5HT2 and possibly 5HT1 receptors. The inhibition of 5HT on basal GH release is mediated through 5HT2 receptors only. Apparently, 5HT1 receptors are not involved in this inhibitory action. In this study, a paradoxical stimulatory component of 5HT on GH release by activating 5HT1 receptors is also implicated.  相似文献   

5─羟色胺在四季鹅抱窝中的作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈伟华  李定健  陈杰 《南京农业大学学报》1994,(2)

对５─羟色胺（５—ＨＴ）在四季鹅抱窝中的作用进行了研究．口服５－ＨＴ受体阻断剂，可使抱窝四季鹅的血液催乳素（ＰＲＬ）、β－内啡吠（β－ＥＮＤ）水平迅速下降，抱窝持续时间由２９．２０±１．５６ｄ缩短至４．２０±１．５８ｄ．结果表明：５—ＨＴ参与四季鹅ＰＲＬ和β─ＥＮＤ的调节，在抱窝机理中起着重要作用．β─ＥＮＤ在抱窝中的作用仍需进一步深入研究．  相似文献   

The Effect of Tryptophan on Serotonin-Like Neurons in Duck Cerebellum     

LIU Hua-zhen TANG Wen-hua PENG Ke-mei CHEN Wen-qin LUO Guan-zhong WANG Yan WEI Lan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2006,5(6):473-477

Healthy Cherry Valley ducks were used in the present study. Different doses of tryptophan were injected intraperitoneally to them after being fasted 4 h （8：00 a.m.-12：00 a.m.）. One hour later, they were deeply anaesthetized and perfused. The cerebellum was removed to make serial paraffin longitudinal sections. The streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex （SABC） method was used to study the distribution of serotonin-like neurons in the cerebellum. All films were analysed by using a computer-assisted image analysis system. Serotonin-like neurons are only localized in cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. The optical density averages of serotonin-like neurons in 200 and 100 mg kg^-1 group are significantly higher than that of 0 mg kg^-1 group （P〈0.01）. These results show that serotonin-like neurons are distributed in Purkinje cell layer and that excessive tryptophan can affect the content of serotonin in cerebellum.  相似文献   

激活素A促进鸡胚背根神经节神经突起生长的作用机制     

方琳  王轶楠  刘海岩  李晨光  李继茹  柳忠辉 《兽医大学学报》2012,(7):1020-1022,1032

采用半定量PCR检测激活素II型受体（ActRII）、钙基因相关肽（cGRP）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）mRNA表达,液相一质谱联用仪检测5-羟色胺释放水平。结果显示,5μg／L激活素A能明显促进鸡胚背根神经节神经突起生长,同时可见激活素A促进ActRIIA、CGRPmRNA表达及神经递质5-羟色胺释放,但对ActRIIB及VIPmRNA表达无影响。结果表明,ActivinA可能通过ActivinA—ActRIIA途径发挥作用,其促进鸡胚背根神经节神经突起生长与其上调CGRP表达及5-HT释放有关。  相似文献   

Effects of quinoa hull meal on piglet performance and intestinal epithelial physiology     

Carlson D  Fernandez JA  Poulsen HD  Nielsen B  Jacobsen SE 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(2):198-205

Saponin-containing feed additives have shown positive effects on pig performance. Quinoa hull has high saponin content and may be of interest as a feed additive. This study aimed to evaluate quinoa hull meal (QHM) as a feed additive in a pig diet. The effects of QHM were assessed for three dosages of South American (SA) origin (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) and one dosage of Danish (DK) quinoa (300 mg/kg). In addition, the effect of dietary SA-QHM and SA-QHM-extract on jejunal epithelial physiology was studied ex vivo in Ussing chambers. The experiment included 400 piglets weaned at 28 ± 2 days of age and the experimental period was 4 weeks. Piglets were weighed initially and finally and feed intake registered. The ex vivo studies were performed with epithelium from 40 pigs receiving control or SA-QHM. Epithelium from each pig was placed into eight Ussing chambers, where four concentrations of SA-QHM-extract were added. Epithelial permeability, Na(+)-dependent glucose transport and serotonin (5-HT) and theophylline-induced secretion were measured. The results showed that QHM had no influence on piglet's growth (p = 0.41) or feed intake (p = 0.17). In spite of a large difference in saponin content between SA-QHM and DK-QHM (28.7% and 2.0% w/w respectively) the source did not affect pig performance. The ex vivo studies revealed no effect (p > 0.05) of adding QHM-extract into the medium. The permeability and glucose induced absorption were highest (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04 respectively) in epithelium from pigs that consumed 100 or 300 mg/kg SA-QHM. The secretory response to 5-HT was not affected (p = 0.59) by dietary treatments, but the theophylline-induced secretion decreased (p = 0.02) with increasing dietary SA-QHM. The changes in epithelial physiology measured ex vivo did not affect animal performance in vivo in this study.  相似文献   

The effect of melanocortin (Mc3 and Mc4) antagonists on serotonin-induced food and water intake of broiler cockerels   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Morteza Zendehdel  Farshid Hamidi  Vahab Babapour  Kasra Mokhtarpouriani  Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(3):229-234

The current study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of SHU9119 [a nonselective melanocortin receptor (McR) antagonist] and MCL0020 (a selective McR antagonist) on the serotonin-induced eating and drinking responses of broiler cockerels deprived of food for 24 h (FD24). For Experiment 1, the chickens were intracerebroventricularly injected with 2.5, 5, and 10 µg serotonin. In Experiment 2, the chickens received 2 nmol SHU9119 before being injected with 10 µg serotonin. For Experiment 3, the chickens were given 10 µg serotonin after receiving 2 nmol MCL0020, and the level of food and water intake was determined 3 h post-injection. Results of this study showed that serotonin decreased food intake but increased water intake among the FD24 broiler cockerels and that these effects occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of serotonin on food intake was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with SHU9119 and MCL0020. However, the stimulatory effect of serotonin on water intake was not altered by this pretreatment. These results suggest that serotonin hypophagia and hyperdipsia were mediated by different mechanisms in the central nervous system, and that serotonin required downstream activation of McRs to promote hypophagia but not hyperdipsia in the FD24 chickens.  相似文献   

Characterization of the intronic VNTR polymorphisms found in a paralog of chicken serotonin transporter gene     

Hideaki Abe  Hiro‐aki Takeuchi  Satoko Yamada  Akihiro Nakamura  Kenji Nagao  Keijiro Nirasawa  Shin'ichi Ito  Miho Inoue‐Murayama 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(4):281-288

  相似文献   

Circulating neurohormone imbalances in canine sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome and canine pituitary‐dependent hypercortisolism     

Annie Oh  Melanie L. Foster  Katharine F. Lunn  Freya M. Mowat 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(6):2587-2594

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血清素在斑节对虾催熟过程中的作用     

温为庚  黄建华  杨其彬  周发林  陈旭 《南方水产》2009,5(1):59-63

在斑节对虾 Penaeus monodon 催熟催产过程中,常用的方法是切除眼柄.此实验选用体重为149.5±25.8 g的自然海区斑节对虾,比较了注射血清素(serotonin)和切除眼柄2种处理方法对斑节对虾的催熟效果.血清素注射剂量为50 μg·g -1体重,在实验的第1、5和10天注射,共计3次.结果显示,2种方法处理后,受试亲虾性腺指数(gonad somatic index,GSI)显著高于对照组,同时注射血清素的实验组亲虾的存活率及其卵子孵化率显著高于切除眼柄的实验组.实验结果表明,血清素对斑节对虾催熟有促进作用,但发挥效应所需要的时间较长;从切除眼柄手术到第一次产卵所需时间较短,但是手术后的亲虾死亡率较高.  相似文献