大豆质核互作雄性不育系NJCMS1A与其保持系NJCMS1B的生理生化特性比较分析     

杨龙树  李佳佳  贺亭亭  丁先龙  张浩  韩少怀  盖钧镒  杨守萍 《大豆科学》2017,36(3)

以大豆质核互作雄性不育系NJCMS1A及其保持系NJCMS1B的花芽为试验材料,利用试剂盒法和紫外分光光度计测定分析了糖分含量(可溶性糖和淀粉)和总ATPase、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)、抗坏血酸氧化酶(AO)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及过氧化物酶(POD)等酶活性的变化情况。结果表明:相较于保持系NJCMS1B,总ATPase、PEPCK、AO和CAT活性在不育系NJCMS1A中显著下降;糖分含量、SPS和SOD活性在不育系NJCMS1A中下降水平不显著;POD活性在不育系NJCMS1A中显著上升。根据结果分析推测,与能量代谢或胁迫响应等相关的物质或酶活性在不育系NJCMS1A中的亏损现象可能是NJCMS1A花粉败育的主要原因。  相似文献   

以塘坝为中心建设立体型综合开发小区     

于明 《中国水土保持》1994,(1):49-50

以塘坝为中心建设立体型综合开发小区于明（黑龙江省青冈县水土保持办公室，１５１６０６）塘坝是我国水利水保建设的重要工程措施之一。它不仅可防洪蓄水，防治水土流失，同时对解决农田抗旱灌溉、养鱼等综合开发利用具有重要作用。搞好以塘坝建设为中心的小流域综合开发...  相似文献   

搞好水土保持　造福子孙万代     

肖作福 《中国水土保持》1994,(10):3-5

搞好水土保持造福子孙万代肖作福（辽宁省人民政府，沈阳１１００３２）从５０年代初期，辽宁省开始了水土保持工作的征程，现已走过四十多年的历程。辽宁人民在辽宁大地上，奋斗不息，重新描绘着山河面貌，谱写了水土保持工作的新篇章。辽宁省的自然状况是“六山一水三分...  相似文献   

水土保持是山丘区经济发展的根本出路     

肖秧 《中国水土保持》1994,(10):1-2

水土保持是山丘区经济发展的根本出路肖秧（四川省人民政府，成都６１００００）四川地处长江上游，幅员辽阔，境内高山峻岭，江河纵横，是一个有一亿多人口的农业大省。由于历史原因，森林曾遭严重破坏，加之人口众多，人均耕地数量少，垦殖指数高，水土流失十分严重。遥...  相似文献   

新疆水土保持情况调查     

郭廷辅  佟伟力 《中国水土保持》1994,(12):5-8

新疆水土保持情况调查郭廷辅，佟伟力（水利部水土保持司，北京１００７６１）我们于１９９４年８月１１日至２６日对新疆伊犁、和田、喀什、吐鲁番、昌吉、乌鲁木齐等６个地区（州、市）的１１个县（市）、两个流域的水土流失情况和开展治理工作做了典型调查。同时，也对...  相似文献   

椰心叶甲发育的起点温度和有效积温   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

钟义海  伍筱影  刘奎  赵志英  彭正强  吴坤宏 《热带作物学报》2004,25(2):47-49

通过室内饲养观察，测定了不同温度下椰心叶甲不同虫态发育的起点温度、有效积温及存活率。结果表明，椰心叶甲世代发育起点温度为11．08℃，有效积温为966．22℃，在海南省儋州市1a发生的理论代数为4～5代。持续过高温度，如32℃不适宜椰心叶甲的生长。  相似文献   

小流域治理成果的开发利用途径     

李志正  雷升文 《中国水土保持》1994,(1):46-48

根据市场经济的要求和目前小流域治理中普遍存在的高投入、低效益问题，提出以市场经济为导向，通过合理开发利用治理成果，优化组合资源、资金、劳力、技术等生产要素，努力发展商品生产，提高小流域治理的经济效益。结合各地实践，总结出基本农田的集约经营、水保林的经营增值、水保草的养畜转化、非生产地的开发利用、转化产品的加工增值和疏通流通渠道六条开发利用途径。  相似文献   

Comparison of Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (India) and Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (Israel) among Lycopersicon Wild Species, Breeding Lines and Hybrids     

Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi  Henryk Czosnek  Favi Vidavski  Shlomo-Yedidia Tarba  Judith Milo  Shai Leviatov  Hagalawadi Mallithimmaiah Venkatesh  Attiganal Seetharam Padmaja  Rudrappa Subbappa Kulkarni  Venkataramappa Muniyappa 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(1):1-11

The objective of this study was to screen wild and domesticated tomatoes for resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Israel (TYLCV-Is) and Tomato leaf curl virus from Bangalore isolate 4, India (ToLCV-[Ban4]) to find sources of resistance to both viruses. A total of 34 tomato genotypes resistant/tolerant to TYLCV-Is were screened for resistance to ToLCV-[Ban4] under glasshouse and field conditions at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India. Resistance was assessed by criteria like disease incidence, symptom severity and squash-blot hybridization. All the tomato genotypes inoculated with ToLCV-[Ban4] by the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) produced disease symptoms. In some plants of the lines 902 and 910, however, the virus was not detected by hybridization. The tomato genotypes susceptible to ToLCV-[Ban4] by whitefly-mediated inoculation were also found susceptible to the virus under field conditions. However, there were substantial differences between genotypes in disease incidence, spread, symptom severity and crop yield. Despite early disease incidence, many genotypes produced substantially higher yields than the local hybrid, Avinash-2. Sixteen tomato genotypes from India resistant/tolerant to ToLCV-[Ban4] were also tested for TYLCV-Is resistance at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel. Accessions of wild species, Lycopersicon hirsutum LA 1777 and PI 390659 were the best sources of resistance to both viruses. Lines 902 and 910, which were, resistant to TYLCV-Is were only tolerant to ToLCV-[Ban4] and accession Lycopersicon peruvianum CMV Sel. INRA, resistant to ToLCV-[Ban4], was only tolerant to TYLCV-Is. Implications of using the resistant lines in breeding programme is discussed.  相似文献   

[CO₂]升高对粮食作物影响的研究进展     

宋练  蔡创  朱春梧 《农业环境科学学报》2020,39(4):786-796

自工业革命以来,由人类活动引起的大气CO_2浓度([CO_2])不断攀升,正驱动着全球气候变化,对全球农业产生重大影响。本文归纳总结了目前作物对高[CO_2]响应的主要研究技术手段,以及作物对高[CO_2]响应的机理研究,并进一步梳理了当前全球关于[CO_2]升高对作物产量和营养品质影响的研究。结果表明:相比封闭式或半封闭式环境控制试验系统,开放式试验系统(如开放式CO_2控制系统FACE)由于其能更加真实地模拟自然条件下作物对未来高[CO_2]的响应和适应情况,被公认为是目前研究作物对高[CO_2]响应的最理想手段。[CO_2]增高会增加C3作物光合速率、生物量和产量,在一定程度上缓解气候变化对农作物产生的负面影响,但是作物对大气[CO_2]的升高存在光合适应现象,当作物长期暴露在高[CO_2]条件下时,高[CO_2]对作物的促进作用会逐渐减缓。近10年的FACE试验发现,对高[CO_2]出现高应答的水稻品种,其光合速率和产量在高[CO_2]下的增加幅度比早期的主要粮食作物FACE试验结果平均高出两倍。此外,高[CO_2]会明显降低大部分非豆科C3作物中蛋白质和矿物质(如锌、铁)以及部分维生素的含量,加剧目前全球约2亿人由于维生素和矿物质元素等营养缺乏导致的健康问题。如何充分利用未来高[CO_2]实现高增产的同时,减缓粮食养分下降的负面影响,是迫切需要解决的科学问题。  相似文献   

Association analysis for detecting significant single nucleotide polymorphisms for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance at the seedling stage in soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]     

Lihua Ning  Guizhen Kan  Wenkai Du  Shiwei Guo  Qing Wang  Guozheng Zhang  Hao Cheng  Deyue Yu 《Breeding Science》2016,66(2):191-203

Tolerance to low-phosphorus soil is a desirable trait in soybean cultivars. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance were mainly derived from bi-parental segregating populations and few reports from natural population. The objective of this study was to detect QTLs that regulate phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in soybean using association mapping approach. Phosphorus-deficiency tolerance was evaluated according to five traits (plant shoot height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus concentration, phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency) comprising a conditional phenotype at the seedling stage. Association mapping of the conditional phenotype detected 19 SNPs including 13 SNPs that were significantly associated with the five traits across two years. A novel cluster of SNPs, including three SNPs that consistently showed significant effects over two years, that associated with more than one trait was detected on chromosome 3. All favorable alleles, which were determined based on the mean of conditional phenotypic values of each trait over the two years, could be pyramided into one cultivar through parental cross combination. The best three cross combinations were predicted with the aim of simultaneously improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency. These results will provide a thorough understanding of the genetic basis of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in soybean.  相似文献