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Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They are one of the contaminants most common in food and feed, with high toxicity and carcinogenicity. Aflatoxins usually enter animal body together with feed and then enter human body by food chain, thereby seriously threatening human health. In recent years, the degradation of aflatoxins has become a hot research topic. This study overviewed the characteristics and detoxification ways of aflatoxins, specifically for the advances in biodegradation and degradation products of aflatoxins. 相似文献
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WANG Hui-yan ZHANG Xiang-hong YAN Xia WANG Jun-ling SUN Xu-ming YANG Yong-bin WANG Feng-rong 《园艺学报》2001,17(2):131-133
AIM: To explore the effects of aflatoxin G1(AFG1 )on proliferation and TNF-α secretion of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(HPBM) in vitro. METHODS: The effects of AFG1 on proliferation of HPBM were analysed with flow cytometric (FCM) DNA analysis and MTT bioassay, while that on TNF-α secretion was detected with ELISA.RESULTS: FCM analysis revealed that 6 h after treatment, proliferation index(PI) of 1000 μg/L AFG1 treated HPBM was significantly higher than that of control. 24 h after AFG1 treatment, stimulating effects on proliferation was found in HPBM treated with AFG1 at 200 μg/L and 1 000μg/L.Regression analysis showed that PI was postively correlated with the concentrations of AFG1 in the concentration range from 0 to 1 000μg/L( r=0. 5122 and 0.5119 respectively,P＜0.05).MTT bioassay showed that the A value of the cells treated with AFG1 at 2 000 μg/L was higher than that of the control. Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that AFG1 at a dose of 100 μg/L could significantly inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α secretion.CONCLUSION: AFG1 could stimulate the proliferation of HPBM and could decrease TNF-α secretion at certain concentration. 相似文献
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A survey ofaflatoxins and zearalenone (ZEA) in 120 samples, including cassava chip (12), maize (12), rice bran (24), broken rice (24), and complete feeds for growing pigs (24) and sows (24) was carried out in southern Vietnam. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1) and G2 (AFG2) were determined by an HPLC method using an immunoaffinity column for clean-up. Zearalenone was analysed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) AgraQuant. High incidences of aflatoxins and ZEA in feedstuffs and pig feeds (83.3%-100%) were detected. Aflatoxins and ZEA were detected in all commodities analyzed. Aflatoxin B1 was found in 100, 92, 92, 83, 100 and 96%, respectively, of samples of cassava chip, maize, rice bran, broken rice, and complete feeds for growing pigs and sows, with mean concentrations of 0.86, 77.5, 1.3, 1.6, 4.7 and 7.5 microg/kg, respectively. AFB2 and AFG1 were found in low concentrations and co-occurred with AFB1 in all samples where they were found. ZEA was detected in 8%, 33%, 36%, 21%, 67% and 67%, respectively, of the samples of cassava chip, maize, rice bran, broken rice, and complete feeds for growing pigs and sows, with average concentrations of 10.0, 163.5, 83.1, 31.4, 86.0 and 101.4 microg/kg, respectively. The high incidence of mycotoxins found in feedstuffs highlights the need for periodic monitoring and prevention ofmycotoxins, not only in feeds, but also in food for human consumption. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2014,59(3):446-450
In present study, a total of 275 retail cereal samples including rice, corn and corn products was analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A (OTA) using HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector. The data has shown that 38 out of 68 samples of rice, 37/105 of corn and 43/102 samples of corn products have been found contaminated with AFs, average level of AFB1 and total AFs, 8.23 and 19.54, 7.90 and 12.08, and 5.47 and 7.85 μg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, 34, 28 and 26 numbers of rice, corn and corn product samples were found to be contaminated with OTA with an average level of 12.94, 5.29 and 3.69 μg/kg, respectively. The samples of rice, corn and corn products found above the permissible European Union (EU) limit for AFB1 and total AFs were 18, 13 and 14 and 28, 14 and 20%, respectively; however, the samples of rice, corn and corn products above the EU limit were 40, 14 and 15%, respectively. 相似文献
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In present study, a total of 275 retail cereal samples including rice, corn and corn products was analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A (OTA) using HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector. The data has shown that 38 out of 68 samples of rice, 37/105 of corn and 43/102 samples of corn products have been found contaminated with AFs, average level of AFB1 and total AFs, 8.23 and 19.54, 7.90 and 12.08, and 5.47 and 7.85 μg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, 34, 28 and 26 numbers of rice, corn and corn product samples were found to be contaminated with OTA with an average level of 12.94, 5.29 and 3.69 μg/kg, respectively. The samples of rice, corn and corn products found above the permissible European Union (EU) limit for AFB1 and total AFs were 18, 13 and 14 and 28, 14 and 20%, respectively; however, the samples of rice, corn and corn products above the EU limit were 40, 14 and 15%, respectively. 相似文献
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高效液相色谱柱后光化学反应-荧光检测茶叶中黄曲霉毒素B1 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
建立了高效液相色谱/光化学反应器/荧光检测器测定茶叶中黄曲霉毒素B1的方法。用乙腈水溶液(V∶V=86∶14)提取黄曲霉毒素B1,提取液经净化柱和黄曲霉毒素B1免疫亲和柱净化,高效液相色谱测定。在黄曲霉毒素B1标准溶液质量浓度为0.591~5.91μg/L时,峰面积与浓度呈现良好的线性关系,黄曲霉毒素B1的回收率为85.4%~98.9%(添加量分别为0.510μg/kg、7.090μg/kg和14.180μg/kg),相对标准偏差为0.2%~1.8%,方法检出限为0.1μg/kg。运用所建立方法对市售的8个茶样及加标样品中的黄曲霉毒素B1进行检测,结果显示该方法选择性强、灵敏度高,适合茶叶中黄曲霉毒素B1的测定。 相似文献
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Shahzad Zafar Iqbal Hafiz Ghulam Mustafa Muhammad Rafique Asi S. Jinap 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014
In the present study, a total of 380 samples of 5 rice varieties were investigated for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) and tocopherols (Vitamin E) using HPLC, equipped with a fluorescence detector. The data revealed that super basmati rice has the highest mean level of total AFs (12.45 μg/kg) followed by KS-282 (11.2 μg/kg), basmati PK-385 (9.8 μg/kg), Irri-6 (9.7 μg/kg) and the lowest mean level was found in Irri-9 (8.9 μg/kg). Furthermore, the results have shown that the variety with lowest level of AFs has the highest level of tocopherol content; i.e. Irri-9 (53.2 mg/100 g), basmati PK-385 (45.9 mg/100 g), Irri-6 (45.3 mg/100 g), KS-282 (40.4 mg/100 g) and super basmati rice (40.2 mg/100 g). The data has shown correlation (r = −0.62, p < 0.05) between vitamin E content and AFs concentration in different rice varieties. The results are interesting and need further study to investigate the mechanistic background of vitamin E content and its effect on aflatoxins contamination. 相似文献
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[目的]建立液相色谱对食品中的4种黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2进行定性和定量分析的检测方法。[方法]试样经过甲醇+水提取,滤液经过含有黄曲霉毒素特异抗体的免疫亲和层析柱净化,以甲醇通过免疫亲和层析柱洗脱,通过带荧光检测器的高效液相色谱仪柱后碘溶液衍生测定黄曲霉毒素的含量。[结果]试验表明,4种黄曲霉毒素在3.0~30.0 ng/ml和10.0~50.0 ng/ml质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.999;4种黄曲霉毒素的检出限均为0.25μg/kg。在3个不同的加标水平下,4种黄曲霉毒素的回收率在70%~99%,相对标准偏差为分别为1.7%~7.6%。[结论]该方法能有效检测出多种食品中4种黄曲霉毒素的残留量,且稳定性好,结果可靠。 相似文献
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中国花生黄曲霉毒素风险评估中膳食暴露 非参数概率评估方法 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
基于2009年、2010年连续2年对全国13个花生主产省155个花生主产县市2571份代表性花生样品检测分析获得的12855个黄曲霉毒素检测数据,和2002年、2004年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,采用Monte Carlo 模拟和Bootstrap抽样方法量化人群花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量的变异度和不确定度,构建了中国花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露非参数概率评估模型,评估了不同年龄组、不同地区和不同收入水平人群花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量,分析了各暴露量分布的指标统计量和90%置信区间。评估结果显示,不同年龄人群中,2~5岁儿童为花生黄曲霉毒素膳食摄入的高暴露人群,其高端暴露量（P97.5）中位值为每千克体重每天1.342ng,[表示为ng&;#8226;kg-1 &;#8226;d-1,下同],四分位间距为0.151ng&;#8226;kg-1 &;#8226;d-1;18岁~45岁成人中,城市人群花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量高于农村,其高端暴露量（P97.5）中位值为0.695ng&;#8226;kg-1&;#8226;d-1,四分位间距为0.078ng&;#8226;kg-1&;#8226;d-1;在不同收入水平人群中,中等收入水平人群花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量最高,其高端暴露量（P97.5）中位值为0.874ng&;#8226;kg-1&;#8226;d-1,四分位间距为0.086ng&;#8226;kg-1 &;#8226;d-1。花生黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露非参数概率评估方法克服了点评估方法不能定量评估结果变异度和不确定度的缺点,评估结果更为精确。 相似文献