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1.
采用人工老化处理的方法对当年采收的甜瓜种子进行48h～216h中8个时间段的处理,加对照、1993和1986年种子,经恒温发芽、低温发芽、TTC测定和田间出苗试验,结果显示:甜瓜种子活力随人工和自然老化的时间延长而降低,其中短期处理种子的发芽率,出苗率下降不太明显,而反映发芽速度、幼芽生长状况的相应指标出现变化提前。长期处理的种子上述几种指标均有明显下降。种子活力越低,种子的适应性越差。POD、CAT活性随种子老化程度的加重而降低;MAD含量则随种子的活力降低而升高。认为室内选用发芽率与发芽速率或幼芽生长指标相结合的方法能够较为实际的反映出种子的活力。 相似文献
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Phosphorus (P) immobilization in soil involves geochemical (e.g., sorption, precipitation, and diffusion) and microbiological
(microbial uptake) processes. Using a Brazilian Ultisol, relative contributions of both processes to the total immobilization
of applied P over 14 days were investigated. The P immobilized by microbes as interpreted by microbial suppression (achieved
by mercury sterilization) was 17, 50, 54, and 56% (of the total immobilized P) on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 after fertilization,
respectively. In the short-term (1 to 3 days), microbes played less of a role than did the physical effect of shaking the
soil, but became the major factor by days 7 to 14. Geochemical process that might be considered short-term ageing caused only
13–16% of the total immobilization in the same time period above. Calculations supported the interpretation that measurable
diffusion occurred across water films on the soil particles. 相似文献
3.
选择日本大耳白兔,按年龄分为幼年、青年、老年三组,分别测定动脉血血清SOD、MDA、GSH—px活性水平,以探讨日本大耳白兔抗氧化物酶活性增龄性变化。结果显示：随着年龄的增长,血清SOD活性在中年期以前是随增龄而增加,青年组显著高于幼年CR（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,在中年期以后是随增龄而降低,老年组明显低于青年组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;血清MDA含量是随增龄而增加,老年组明显高于青年组和幼年组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,青年组明显高于幼年CR（P〈0．05）;血清GSH—px活性随增龄而降低,老年组显著低于青年组和幼年组（P〈0．01）,青年组显著低于幼年组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。机体在衰老过程中体内自由基生成增加。抗氧化物酶活性全面降低可能是加速机体衰老的原因之一。 相似文献
4.
《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(3):650-660
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ageing corn levels (stored for 4 years) with or without the supplementation of tea polyphenols (TPP) on the performance, egg quality and antioxidant status of laying hens. A total of 288 Lohmann commercial laying hens (63-week-old) were used under a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement with 4 levels of dietary ageing corn (0%, 25%, 50%, or 100%) and 2 levels of TPP (0 and 600 mg/kg) for 8 wk. Dietary ageing corn linearly decreased (P < 0.05) the egg production, serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of laying hens, yolk index, yolk colour, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) value and the reducing power value of egg yolk, but it linearly increased (P < 0.05) the feed conversion rate, ovary malondialdehyde (MDA) content of laying hens, and the protein carbonyl content of egg yolk. Tea polyphenol supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the serum T-AOC, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), liver SOD, liver GSH-Px, ovary SOD, GSH-Px, the expression of antioxidant-related genes of laying hens, albumen height, Haugh unit, DPPH value and the majority free amino acids of egg yolk, but it decreased (P < 0.05) the serum MDA content of laying hens, MDA and protein carbonyl of egg yolk. In conclusion, the ageing corn significantly reduced the performance, egg quality, antioxidant status and egg antioxidant capacity of laying hens, while TPP supplementation partially counteracted the adverse effects, especially antioxidant status and egg antioxidant capacity of laying hens. 相似文献
5.
设置T1(60 d)、T2(55 d)、T3(50 d)、T4(45 d)和T5(40 d)5个苗龄处理,研究其对甜椒穴盘苗老化程度的影响。结果表明,甜椒穴盘苗老化程度与苗龄大小呈现明显的相关性,T1、T2木质素含量、MDA含量明显高于T3、T4、T5。木质素和MDA决定着植株老化程度的严重性。因此,T1、T2老化程度加重。T1、T2抗寒性电解质渗透率分别较T3、T4、T5下降了21.03%、16.65%,10.53%、5.57%,6.45%、1.25%。说明老化的甜椒幼苗对外界环境的适应能力下降。但是T4、T5由于甜椒幼苗各个器官发育不健全,壮苗指标低于T3,并且达到显著差异性水平。试验研究得出,在50孔穴盘育苗的情况下,甜椒最佳育苗时间为50 d。 相似文献
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7.
对巴西盾柱木(Peltophorum dubium)种子进行了4种处理的吸胀实验,即将种子分别置于10℃和27℃下0.2% Captan溶液中和-1.0MPa的PEG6000溶液中,每个处理有四个重复,40粒种子,置于培养皿中浸满实验溶液的双层过滤纸上,覆以透气良好的薄膜.种子在实验前均用98%的浓硫酸处理15分钟以打破机械休眠.吸胀曲线显示,种子在吸胀过程中最终重量的增加值为70%-150%,以后进入一个停滞期.在5种处理下(对照组,PEG6000溶液中10℃和27℃下预处理,Captan溶液中10℃和27℃下预处理),对种子萌发所受到的影响进行了实验.每一个处理分别进行3个次级处理,即在实验前,将种子用蒸馏水分别浸泡12、24和36小时.萌发率最高的是经过蒸馏水浸泡12小时对照组种子和PEG 27℃组的种子,萌发率达到100%;萌发率最低的是蒸馏水中浸泡36小时的PEG 27℃组的种子,萌发率为52%;经过蒸馏水浸泡24小时的PEG 10℃组种子的平均萌发时间为1.08天.蒸馏水中浸泡12小时的PEG 27℃组种子平均萌发时间为2.42天,其它处理的萌发时间值介于两者之间.对预处理和未经预处理种子通过加速老化实验,对其活力和生存力进行了测试.经72小时加速老化,种子萌发率低或没有萌发力.对照组种子在培养皿(27℃)和室温条件下蛭石中的萌发率都比处理组高,表现了对老化更强的抗性. 相似文献
8.
为了有效地控制芦笋采后老化,延长芦笋的货架期,采用10、20、30mg/L的6-苄氨基嘌呤常温下浸泡处理芦笋15min,并结合自发气调包装,在4℃、湿度85%～95%条件下贮藏,测定叶绿素含量、膜脂过氧化程度、纤维素含量、木质素含量、木质纤维化相关酶类活性及商品率等指标。结果表明:至贮藏期第15天,20mg/L处理的芦笋叶绿素含量为40.99mg/g,显著高于其他处理;丙二醛含量为0.87×10-3μmol/g;纤维素、木质素含量分别为4.22%和2.43 U/g,极显著低于对照;多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)的活性都保持在较低水平,商品率为78.08%,极显著高于对照。试验证明,20 mg/L6-苄氨基嘌呤处理效果最佳,较好地控制了木质化和纤维化进程,从而有效地延缓了芦笋的衰老。 相似文献
9.
Kim JS Hinchcliff KW Yamaguchi M Beard LA Markert CD Devor ST 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):397-403
The purpose of the present study was to determine the age-related changes in myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition and muscle oxidative and glycolytic capacity in 18 horses ranging in age from two to 30 years. Muscle samples were collected by excisional biopsy of the semimebranosus muscle. MHC expression and the key enzymatic activities were measured. There was no significant correlation between horse age and the proportions of type-IIA and type-IIX MHC isoforms. The percentage of type-I MHC isoforms decreased with advancing age. Muscle citrate synthase activity decreased, whereas lactate dehydrogenase activity increased with increasing age. Muscle 3-OH acyl CoA dehydrogenase activity did not change with ageing. The results suggest that, similar to humans, the oxidative capacity of equine skeletal muscle decreases with age. The age-related changes in muscle metabolic properties appear to be consistent with an age-related transition in MHC isoforms of equine skeletal muscle that shifts toward more glycolytic isoforms with age. 相似文献
10.
The fate of freshly spiked and aged 14C-naphthalene associated residues as investigated in the presence and absence of ectomycorrhizal Scots pine seedlings and enchytraeid worms, in a factorial experimental design. Microcosms were used which enabled the 14C-labelled naphthalene associated residues to be quantified, including plant lipids which acted as an additional naphthalene sink within the microcosms. The presence of plant roots altered the availability of the 14C-naphthalene and associated residues to degrading microbes. Mineralisation and volatilisation of 14C naphthalene in freshly spiked soil were lower in the presence of Scots pine. Conversely, in soil aged for 180 d, Scots pine increased mineralisation, and bioavailability of naphthalene. Root-mediated processes, microbial activity and enchytraeids interact with desorption, bioavailability and mineralisation of naphthalene. 相似文献