杉木老龄林群落的种-多度关系研究     

蔡锰柯  刘圣恩  林开敏  赵长存  郑文辉  何宗明  郭玉硕 《热带作物学报》2015,36(3):617-622

以杉木老龄林群落为研究对象,结合对数级数和对数正态分布模型,建立3 600 m2的大样地分析杉木老龄林群落的种-多度关系。结果表明:样方的平均物种数和个体数分别为6.86种和35.75株,各样方的物种数及个体数存在极显著正相关关系,说明杉木老龄林群落中生境空间对物种个体的承载能力,还未限制其物种数量。个体数-种序(p>0.05)和频度-种序(p>0.05)的分布曲线均符合对数级数分布;对数正态分布模型则能够较好拟合个体数-种序(p>0.05)的分布曲线,但频度-种序(p<0.05)的分布曲线则不适合用该模型来解释。随着尺度的增加,物种数和个体数的变异系数、二者间的相关性及物种数的方差逐步下降,个体数的方差却呈上升的趋势。  相似文献   

面向老龄化社会的户外环境植物景观与健康效益评价模型建构   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

柯鑫  韩雪  许建强 《广东园林》2020,42(6):9-13

为了促进国内基于健康视角下户外植物景观可量化评价机制的形成与完善，归纳总结了健康景观以及普通植物景观中广泛存在的对人身心健康有促进作用的因素——植物的健康效益。从植物景观对人身心健康的影响机制手，分析户外景观环境中健康性要素构成，深入探究植物景观与老年人身心健康的作用机理，并初步构建了基于植物健康效益的适老性户外植物景观评价指标体系。  相似文献   

木塑复合材料的耐老化性能研究     

胡晗  吴章康  王云  关成  黄伟 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(9):3956-3957,3993

木塑复合材料的老化性能直接关系其使用寿命和适用范围。该研究使用稻壳、橡胶木锯末和橡胶籽壳分别与回收聚乙烯混合制备木塑复合材料,通过色差分析、红外光谱分析研究了3种木塑复合材料经荧光紫外老化后表面颜色、化学成分的变化。结果表明,经2 000 h老化后,3种木塑复合材料表面均出现褪色、羰基浓度增大,并随着老化时间增加而增加。其中橡胶籽壳基WPCs的变化最大,稻壳次之,橡胶锯末最小。  相似文献   

Mitochondrial DNA deletion of the brain tissue of aged rats with learning and memory deficit     

XIANG Ping  GAO Guo-quan  ZHOU Li-hua  YAO Zhi-bin 《园艺学报》2000,16(6):535-539

AIM and METHODS: The ratio of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion was measured to find the relationship between mtDNA deletion and aged learning and memory deficit. The aged rats were divided into two groups, aged learning and memory deficit group and aged learning and memory normal group. The ratio of mtDNA deletion was measured by dilution polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: There are deleted mtDNA (about 4834 bp) in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of both young and aged rats. The ratios of deleted mtDNA were similar in the cerebral cortex,hippocampus and cerebellum of young rats (about 0.00018%). The ratio mtDNA of aged learning and memory normal rats had increased by five-fold in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, or one-fold in the cerebellum over young rats. The ratio of aged learning and memory dificit rats had increased by one-fold in the cerebral cortex or 0.8-fold in the hippocampus or two-fold in the cerebellum over aged learning and memory normal rats.CONCLUSIONS: There was really the increase of mtDNA in aging rat brain. And this increase was double in amount in aged learning and memory deficit rats compared to the normal learning and memory aged rats. It is suggested that the mtDNA deletions in the brain regions associated with learning and memory may be contributed to the cellular and molecular mechanism of learning and memory deicit with aged rats.  相似文献   

Variation in Shoot Anatomy and Rooting Behaviour of Stem Cuttings in Relation to Age of Donor Plants in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.)     

Azamal Husen  Mohinder Pal 《New Forests》2006,31(1):57-73

Shoot anatomical features viz., number of vessel elements, width and length of vessel and fibre elements were studied in relation to juvenility/maturity of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). The findings show significant differences in these features, which indicates that variation in shoot anatomy can be used as a reliable indicator of juvenility/maturity in teak. The effect of age of donor plants and application of auxins on adventitious root formation in single noded leafy stem cuttings of teak was also investigated. Aging of donor trees suppressed rooting and sprouting of cuttings, but increased callus formation at the base of cuttings. Per cent rooting and per cent sprouting in cuttings decreased as age of donor plants increased from 2-months to 15-years and up to 30-years. IBA treatment promoted per cent rooting as well as per cent sprouting, NAA promoted only rooting and it suppressed sprouting. The effect of auxin treatment on rooting and sprouting of teak stem cuttings varied with the age of donor plants. Auxin and its concentration, which suppressed rooting and sprouting in cuttings of younger donor plants, actually promoted rooting when cuttings were taken from more mature donor plants. It appears that the auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in teak cuttings increased with increasing age of donor plants. The higher auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in cuttings of older trees may be due to a decrease in the content on endogenous auxins or decreased sensitivity of aging tissues to rooting promoters and /or accumulation of inhibitory substances which inhibit rooting.  相似文献   

黑龙江省农村人口老龄化的现状及其原因分析     

孙锐  王红姝 《安徽农业科学》2014,(33):11939-11941

农业作为国民经济的基础,与农业生产息息相关的农村人口老龄化问题俨然已成为世界一个亟待解决的社会问题在农业生产仍然以劳动力维持的今天,农村人口呈现老龄化趋势,既不利于农村土地等自然资源的充分利用,也会有碍于农业科学知识的推广和新技术的应用.该研究分析了黑龙江省农村人口老龄化的现状、特点,并进一步提出导致这一问题的原因.  相似文献   

Some recent advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying senescence     

TAN Dun-yong  LI Chu-jie 《园艺学报》2000,16(1):79-83

Aging or senescence is a process in which individuals undergo an exponential decline in vitality, leading to death. Recent years, much progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying senes-cence have been made. (1) Some senescence-related gene such as SEN6A, hic-5, dinl and MORF 4 have been clarified; (2) In 1997, through a set of experiments sponsered scientists of Department of Bi-ology Massachusetts Institute of Technology, it was found that the accommulation of extrachromosomal r DNA circles (ERC) in budding yeast s nucleolus is responsible for cell- senescence and the researchers propose that when enough of these circles accumulate, they clog the nucleus and prevent the cell from reading or eplicating its genome, causing it to stop dividing and ultimately to die; (3) In another work finished National Institute on Aging and the Geron biotech company of Melo, it was proved that a cell s biological clock, which tells the cell how and how many times to divide, lies in its telon eres, little bits of DNA that coat the tips of the chromosome and it was clarified that a powerful enzyme, telomerase, with the potential to rejuvenate the human boss aging tissues could effectively extend the shortened telomere.Although there is a long way to go, scientists still believe that it will be made reality in the future to greatly extend the life-span of human.  相似文献   

热水加速老化处理对棉花种子活力的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

宋平 《种子》1990,(6):28-30

本试验采用65℃热水浸泡脱绒种子的方法,分析了不同时间老化处理对3个陆地棉品种(Gossypium hirsutum)种子活力的影响。结果表明,65℃热水能加速棉花种子的老化。随着处理时间的延长,棉花种子活力逐渐下降,在处理30～40分钟之间有一活力变化临界点。认为65℃热水浸泡脱绒种子30～35分钟,可以作为一种检测棉花种子活力和抗老化能力的快速有效方法。人工老化处理,是检测种子活力的有效方法之一。在棉花种子活力检测中,常常采用把种子放在老化箱内,施以高温高湿(41℃、100%相对湿度)的方法来加速种子老化。但是,100%的相对湿度往往引起水箱滴水,不同部位滴水影响不同,因而影响试验的准确性。同时,高温、高湿下处理时间过长(41℃、6～7天),会使种子表面长霉,从而影响以后的发芽试验。Bout land和Welch(1985)提出用热水处理来加速棉花种子的变质,认为种子浸入50℃以上的热水中处理,比常规的高温高湿老化处理变质更快、更均匀。种子活力的丧失,实质上是由于种子所含的蛋白质及其它生理活性物质的变性所致。据研究,65℃接近于蛋白质变性的最高温度。因此,本试验采用65℃热水浸泡棉花种子的方法,观察热水老化处理后,棉花种子活力的变化。目的是为了寻求一种较为简单易行的、加速棉花种子老化的试验方法。  相似文献   

储藏对稻米淀粉结构及含量的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

徐民  程旺大  蔡新华  王炎林 《中国农学通报》2005,21(6):113-113

综述了储藏对稻米淀粉的含量及其结构影响。分析了稻米淀粉的结构，讨论了储藏对稻米直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量与结构的影响。在此基础上，提出加强储藏过程中稻米中支链淀粉和直链淀粉中不溶性组分的含量及其结构变化等的研究，将有利于解析储藏过程中稻米淀粉特性的变化及其对稻米品质的影响。  相似文献   

种子理化反应与种子衰老关系的研究进展     

贾立国  樊明寿 《勤云标准版测试》2006,(4)

植物种子衰老是一个十分复杂的过程,是各种理化反应和生理生化反应的综合结果。国外几个研究小组近10年的研究证实,种子细胞质以玻璃态存在,其玻璃化转变温度与种子衰老密切相关,而玻璃化温度又与种子中的糖、蛋白等物质有关。还有一些研究表明,种子中存在被称为美拉德反应和阿马多瑞反应的非酶促反应,这些反应可以在种子水分含量极低的条件下发生,其产物在种胚内的积累成为种子衰老的原因,其机理可能是通过降低抗氧化酶的活性、修饰蛋白质、核酸的结构和功能、影响种子中糖代谢等途径进而引起种子衰老。  相似文献