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1.
瓮安县黑线姬鼠种群数量变化规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨黑线姬鼠种群数量的年度、月份、季节变化规律,给其预测预报和防治提供科学依据。对贵州省瓮安县19962012年稻田、旱地耕作区黑线姬鼠种群组成和种群数量进行统计分析,结果表明:黑线姬鼠为当地农田害鼠优势种,占总鼠数的92.03%。多年平均捕获率为2.70%,随着时间的推移,黑线姬鼠种群数量呈明显的下降趋势。不同年度、不同月份、不同季节之间种群数量存在明显差异。一年中在52012年稻田、旱地耕作区黑线姬鼠种群组成和种群数量进行统计分析,结果表明:黑线姬鼠为当地农田害鼠优势种,占总鼠数的92.03%。多年平均捕获率为2.70%,随着时间的推移,黑线姬鼠种群数量呈明显的下降趋势。不同年度、不同月份、不同季节之间种群数量存在明显差异。一年中在56月和86月和89月出现2个种群数量高峰期,平均捕获率分别为3.16%9月出现2个种群数量高峰期,平均捕获率分别为3.16%3.21%和3.07%3.21%和3.07%3.16%。 相似文献
2.
雷山县黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及繁殖参数变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对贵州省雷山县1985～2011年黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及繁殖参数变化规律分析表明:黑线姬鼠多年平均捕获率达3.15%±1.37%,全年种群数量变动曲线呈单峰型,一年内种群数量在7月出现1个数量高峰期,平均捕获率达5.34%±2.25%,不同年度、不同月份、不同季节之间种群数量存在显著差异。黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数具有明显的季节周期性波动,主要繁殖期在4～9月,一年中在春季4～5月和秋季8～9月出现2次怀孕高峰期,多年种群总性比为0.96,平均怀孕率为38.23%,平均胎仔数为6.12只,平均繁殖指数为1.15,平均睾丸下降率为59.55%,雄鼠睾丸下降率的季节变化与雌鼠怀孕率季节变化呈同步变动趋势。不同年度、不同月份、不同季节种群繁殖参数存在一定差异。 相似文献
3.
采用胴体重与体长的比值作为胴体重长指标KWL′。对2008－2010年贵州省大方县捕获的285只高山姬鼠(雌鼠138只,雄鼠147只)胴体重长指标进行分析表明,高山姬鼠胴体重长指标在1.38～3.32 g/cm之间,平均为(1.90±0.32) g/cm,雌雄鼠之间差异极显著。不同生境之间差异不显著。不同年龄组之间差异极显著,且随着种群年龄的增长,胴体重长指标不断增加。不同季节、不同月份之间差异显著, 胴体重长指标季节变化趋势为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季。胴体重长指标与种群繁殖密切相关,可作为预测种群数量变动的参考依据之一。 相似文献
4.
余庆县2006～2010年黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖参数的变动规律 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为进一步探讨黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖参数的变动规律,采用夹夜法调查,收集鼠类标本。对贵州省余庆县2006～2010年捕获的701只黑线姬鼠(雌鼠327只,雄鼠374只)分析表明:黑线姬鼠种群总性比为0.87,不同年龄组种群性比存在一定差异。亚成年组、成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组均可参与繁殖,不同年龄组种群繁殖力存在显著差异,随着种群年龄的增长,怀孕率、胎仔数、繁殖指数、睾丸下降率不断增加,成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组是黑线姬鼠种群繁殖的主体,平均怀孕率为43.01%,平均胎仔数为5.11只,平均繁殖指数为0.9298,平均睾丸下降率为95.44%,均显著高于总体平均值。 相似文献
5.
黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖特征的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
系统研究分析了1999—2004年贵州省余庆县黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖特征的变化规律。研究期间共解剖黑线姬鼠1011只(其中,雌鼠483只,雄鼠528只)。黑线姬鼠种群性比存在显著的年龄变化,不同年龄组之间种群繁殖力存在显著差异,随着种群年龄的增长,种群繁殖力不断增加。成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组是黑线姬鼠种群的繁殖群体,平均怀孕率为45.97%,胎仔数为5.02只,睾丸下降率为91.98%,繁殖指数为1.0618,除平均胎仔数与总平均胎仔数差异不显著外,平均怀孕率、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数均显著高于总体平均值,分别为总体平均值的1.57倍、1.42倍、1.52倍,它们在种群中所占比例的多少与种群数量消长关系密切,可作为预测黑线姬鼠种群数量的重要依据。 相似文献
6.
为了验证高糖高脂食物是否会引起高山姬鼠的瘦素抵抗的发生,将高山姬鼠分为两组,一组为对照组,一组为高糖高脂组,各自驯化28 d。结果表明:第28 d,高糖高脂组高山姬鼠的体重和体脂极显著高于对照组(体重:t=-11.97,P<0.01;体脂:t=-7.99,P<0.01),摄食量和血清瘦素含量显著高于对照组(摄食量:t=-3.06,P<0.05;血清瘦素含量:t=-2.94,P<0.05)。血清瘦素含量与体脂呈显著正相关(r=0.636,P<0.01),与摄食量呈极显著正相关(r=0.744,P<0.01)。分析以上结果表明:在高糖高脂食物条件下,高山姬鼠会增加体重、摄食量和血清瘦素含量。此外,高山姬鼠在该条件下可能存在瘦素抵抗。 相似文献
7.
Noriko Tamura 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(3):187-190
Walnuts,Juglans ailantifolia Carriere, are large and the shell is difficult to open. Thus, seed predators in Japan are restricted mainly to the Japanese
squirrel (Sciurus lis Temminck) and the wood mouse (Apodemus speciosus Temminck), which can shave away the hard shells with their sharp incisors. Previous work indicated that the squirrels are
not only predators, but also disperse walnuts. In this study, 95 walnuts in Period1 (September 1996–February 1997) and 80
walnuts in Period 2 (September 1999–February 2000) each attached to a miniature radio transmitter, were placed in a feeding
box, and 93 and 53 of them were transported by free-living wood mice in the respective periods. Most of the walnuts provided
from September to November were scatter-hoarded in the litter layer, while from December to February, the mice fed immediately
and seldom scatter-hoarded on the ground surface. In all, 66 walnuts were hoarded and 80 were eaten soon after discovery,
although walnuts were eaten more frequently in Period 1 than in Period 2, which may be related to annual differences in seed
crop size in the study site. The mean transport distance of hoarded seeds was 6.2 ± 5.0 m (mean ± SD,n=66). The fate of hoarded walnuts was followed from September 1996 to May 1997; 21 (75%) of the scatter-hoarded walnuts were
recovered, but 7 (25%) were left uneaten. Consequently, the Japanese wood mouse also plays a role in seed-dispersion of the
walnut, but the transport distance for mice was shorter than that for squirrels. 相似文献
8.
We studied population changes of the field mouse,Apodemus speciosus Temminck, by live trapping in a mixed stand of cypress and broad-leaved trees at Tama Forest Science Garden during the period
from October 1991 to March 1994. We also used radiotelemetry to investigate acorn hoarding. The number of mice captured in
1992 was three to ten times higher than that in either 1991 or 1993. The home ranges of resident mice overlapped greatly,
but a path and differences in the vegetation structure may have affected the home range of individuals. From June 1992 to
April 1993, mice actively transported and hoarded acrons. Individuals hoarded 70% of the acorns in their home ranges within
one day after release. This species was a typical scatter-hoarder and hoarded a single acorn at each cache site. Mice buried
acrons in the soil at the first hoarding, but recovered and carried them into their nests later. Although more than 50% of
the acorns were buried 0–5 cm deep, where the condition for germination seemed to be good, mice recovered and ate all cached
acorns. Mice relocated acorns farther from the original food station as they repeated hoarding. Mice transported acorns an
average of about 15–18 m (range: 2.2–49.8 m) before they ate them. From May 1993 to March 1994, the hoarding behavior of mice
was not active. Most acorns were left at food stations or cache sites for more than three months. Acorn hoarding byA. speciosus probably contributes little to the dispersal and regeneration of acorn-producing trees in years with a high rodent density. 相似文献
9.
黑线姬鼠年龄结构的数学模拟研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
黑线姬鼠的体童体长与个体性别之间的差异不显著,而各级年龄组(即幼体、亚成体、成体及老体)内的个体与其体重、体长及其比值具有相对独立的界线。黑线姬鼠的年龄判别函数式为:Y=0.506X_1 0.444X_2 0.729X_3。式中X_1为体重,X_2为体长,X_3为X_1/X_2×100。当Y<57.2时为幼体,57.287.2时为老体。 相似文献
10.
Predation risk is one of the most important selective forces in nature and has significant effects on the behavior and physiology of prey individuals. Prey species have evolved several different traits to reduce and avoid this predation pressure. This research aimed to determine the behavioral and physiological responses of striped field mice to predator risk. In the present study, we compared the agonistic behavior in male and female striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1771) of the same sexes under the odor derived from a male Himalayan weasel (Mustela sibirica). Dyads were subjected to 5 min staged encounters in neutral arenas once a week for 3 weeks during which agonistic and social behaviors were recorded and fecal hormone concentrations were determined using pre‐column derivatization and high performance liquid chromatography methods. Furthermore, we also tested the effects of weasel odor on the adrenal glands. The results showed that: (i) male striped field mice did not exhibit any change in body weight and physiological characteristics but their aggressive behavior changed over time, and (ii) females responded to predation risk by significantly decreasing body mass and through increases in fecal cortisol levels and adrenal gland indices. These data show significant sex differences in the body weight, adrenal gland indices and fecal cortisol levels of striped field mouse under predation risk. 相似文献