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1.
本文以外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体互换(SCE)频率和细胞周期动力学为指标,以较长期(4～13年)生活在砷污染区的黄牛和水牛为对象,对砷在动物体内慢性蓄积所诱发细胞遗传学效应进行了研究。其结果表明,砷污染区黄牛和水牛SCE频率均显著高于对照组,参照有关评价标准,可判为弱阳性,提示在当地污染水平下,黄牛和水牛都诱发了一定程度的细胞遗传学效应。对细胞周期动力学的观察结果表明,砷对黄牛和水牛没有明显的细胞毒性。本试验还报告了正常黄牛和水牛外周血液淋巴细胞SCE的自发频率以及培养72小时各期细胞的正常比率。 相似文献
2.
中国水牛血清白蛋白多态性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本研究采用淀粉凝胶电泳法首次对我国１２个水牛类群共１０５８头水平血清白蛋白多态性进行了＊检测。结果表明我国水平血清白蛋白多态性主要受＊Ａ１ｂＡ和ＡｌｂＸ两个等位基因控制，其基因频率分别为０．２２８和０．７７０，表现为ＡＡ、ＡＸ和ＸＸ３种基因型。各＊类群间基因频率差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），遗传距离很＊近，具有同源关系。同时在中国沼泽型水牛中发现，原＊认为仅在在于江河型水平的ＡＩｂＢ基因，可能说明两型水牛在起源上有一定联系。 相似文献
3.
In the present study, microsatellite data on 24 loci were generated and utilized to evaluate the genetic architecture and mutation drift equilibrium of Marathwada buffaloes, a Central Indian population maintained under low input system. Sufficient allelic diversity was observed with a total of 109 alleles across different loci. The genetic diversity analysis of Marathwada buffaloes displayed moderate level of within breed variability in terms of mean number of alleles per locus (4.48) and heterozygosity values (Ho = 0.532, He = 0.624). The studied Indian buffalo population showed considerable heterozygote deficiency (FIS = 0.138) and deviation from HWE at many investigated loci. Three quantitative tests viz. sign test, standardized difference test and Wilcoxon sign rank test and a qualitative test for mode shift distortion of allelic frequencies were employed to evaluate mutation drift equilibrium under three different models of microsatellite evolution. The population was found to deviate significantly under IAM and TPM, while it was reverse under SMM. The qualitative test for mode shift supported the results under SMM indicating the absence of genetic bottleneck in the recent past in Marathwada buffaloes. 相似文献
4.
Maria Teresa Scicluna Andrea CaprioliGiorgio Saralli Giuseppe MannaAntonino Barone Antonella CersiniGiusy Cardeti Renato Ugo CondoleoGian Luca Autorino 《Veterinary microbiology》2010
Only limited information is available on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) in domestic buffalos. In this study, a virulent BoHV-1 field strain isolated from cattle was inoculated into buffaloes to evaluate their susceptibility to the virus and to investigate the establishment of viral latency through clinical, virological and serological investigations. Latency was also studied by attempting viral reactivation using pharmacological induction. Six of seven male, 5 months old buffaloes were intranasally inoculated with BoHV-1; the other animal was kept as negative control. The animals were clinically monitored during the post-infection (P.I.) and the post-pharmacological induction (P.P.) periods. During these periods, nasal and rectal swabs, and blood samples, with and without anticoagulant, were collected at 2–3 day intervals. On culling the animals, 206 days P.I., their trigeminal ganglia and tonsils were collected. No clinical signs referable to BoHV-1 were observed throughout the experimental period. However, seropositivity was detected in all infected animals within day 20 P.I., using BoHV-1 glycoprotein E and glycoprotein B competitive ELISAs (IDEXX) and virus neutralisation test. In real-time PCR (RT-PCR), five of these animals were positive, at least once, for nasal or rectal swabs, during the P.I. period. The sixth infected animal was found positive only in the trigeminal ganglia after culling. Ganglia were also positive for two other animals. Virus isolation in permissive cell-lines was successful for a part of the RT-PCR positive samples. The detected viruses were confirmed by genetic analysis as identical to the inoculated strain. No evidence of infection was observed in the negative control. This study represents the first experimental transmission of BoHV-1 in buffaloes, confirming their susceptibility to infection and their possible role as host/reservoirs of BoHV-1. 相似文献
5.
在基础日粮相同的基础上,将24头泌乳期、产奶量相近的水牛随机均分3组,探讨禾本科多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum.Hercules)、豆科紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa.Eureka)、蓼科鲁梅克斯(Rumex.K-1)3种牧草对其泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响,结果表明,饲喂Rumex.K-1分别比Eureka和Hercules提高了15.76%、13.39%(P＜0.05)的产奶量,6.32%、6.73%(P＜0.01)的乳脂率,以及21.27%、19.15%的4%标准乳;而Eureka与Hercules间差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。故种植Rumex.K-1适合皖西地区农村散养水牛的小区放牧或舍饲补饲。 相似文献
6.
Zhang WY Moreau E Yang BZ Li ZQ Hope JC Howard CJ Huang WY Chauvin A 《Research in veterinary science》2006,80(3):299-307
Humoral and cellular immune responses to Fasciola gigantica experimental infection in buffaloes were studied. The results showed that 33.4+/-9.1% of the infection dose was recovered as adult flukes from infected animals at necropsy. Significant differences of weight gain between infected and non-infected buffaloes was observed at 4 MPI (months post-infection). Anti F. gigantica excretory-secretory products (FgESP)-IgG levels increased significantly from 3 WPI (weeks post-infection) and displayed a peak at 13 WPI. Western blot indicated that in FgESP six major bands of 11.5, 19.0, 23.4, 29.8, 47.5 and 53.2kDa were recognized by F. gigantica-infected buffaloes sera after 0 WPI. Eosinophil numbers increased significantly from 3 WPI in F. gigantica-infected buffaloes and displayed a peak at 8 WPI. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation induced by FgESP increased from 2 WPI with a peak at 5 WPI. IFNgamma secretion by FgESP-stimulated PBMC appeared early from 1 WPI with three peaks at 2, 5 and 8 WPI, respectively. IL-10 production was observed from 2 WPI with two peaks at 4 and 9 WPI, respectively. Our results suggested that buffaloes were highly susceptible to F. gigantica infection, and this susceptibility could be associated with the late and weak cellular immune response in the early phase of infection and the Th0-like response throughout the infection. 相似文献
7.
Yadav D Singh SV Singh AV Sevilla I Juste RA Singh PK Sohal JS 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2008,31(4):373-387
Despite low per-animal productivity of ruminants in developing countries, Johne's disease has not been investigated in buffaloes, which are primarily found in these countries. This is due to lack of expertise, diagnostic kits and priority to production diseases like Johne's disease. Presence of pathogenic Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) was investigated by screening of target tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes and large intestine) by culture and IS 900 PCR, in 50 sacrificed buffaloes. Indigenous ELISA kit originally developed for goats and sheep was standardized in buffaloes and used to estimate sero-presence of Map in 167 serum samples representing population of buffaloes in Agra region of North India. In culture, 48.0% buffaloes were positive from 50 tissues each from mesenteric lymph nodes (34.0%) and large intestine (36.0%). IS 900 PCR was standardized using specific primers (150 C and 921) and 229 bp-amplified product was characteristic for Map. Of the 25 mesenteric lymph nodes, 40.0% were positive in IS 900 PCR. Genomic DNA from Map cultures was successfully amplified from all the 24 isolates (100.0%). Map was further genotyped as 'Bison type' using IS 1311 PCR-REA. Culture of tissues showed high presence of Map in target tissues, despite high culling rate in buffalos in view of high demand of buffalo meat. Specific tissue-PCR provided rapid confirmation of Map infection in sacrificed buffaloes. In tissue-PCR, all the cultures were positive as compared to 40.0% detected directly from tissues. ELISA kit using indigenous protoplasmic antigen was highly sensitive as compared to commercial antigen in detecting Map infection therefore, could be used as 'Herd Screening Test' in buffaloes against Johne's disease. This pilot study first time reports a highly pathogenic 'Bison-type' genotype of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of Agra region in North India. 相似文献
8.
This report was delineated to study the clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic aspects concerned with acute coliform mastitis
in buffaloes. Bacteriological examination of 80 quarter milk samples obtained aseptically from 56 buffaloes with acute mastitis
revealed that coliform bacteria was the most common pathogen (45 cases) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (seven cases) then Streptococcus uberis (three cases), and Streptococcus agalactiae (one case). Clinically, hotness, swelling and painful reaction with serous excretion containing clots was recorded in buffaloes
with coliform mastitis. The efficacy of ceftiofur was evaluated in the treatment of buffaloes with acute coliform mastitis.
Parenteral ceftiofur neither improved clinical signs nor returned milk to pre-infection production level, whereas intramammary
ceftiofur and combination of intramammary with parenteral ceftiofur improved the clinical signs in 10/15 and 12/15 buffaloes,
respectively. On quarter level, 3/17, 12/17 and 15/21 quarters recovered in groups received parenteral, intramammary and combination
therapy, respectively. This study demonstrates that systemic ceftofur is not effective in the treatment of clinical coliform
mastitis in buffaloes. 相似文献
9.
The aims of the present study were to investigate the genetic diversity and methicillin resistance in S. aureus isolates recovered from mastitis-affected buffaloes. Five hundred seventy-eight milk samples were obtained from buffaloes with mastitis in three provinces, Iran. Ninety-one of the 578 tested samples contained S. aureus (15.74%), in two cases were methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Isolates were typed by spa typing, followed by MLST on some representative isolates and SCCmec typing for MRSA strains. The presence of genes encoding Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was also tested by PCR. Eight spa types were identified, with t3576 (n = 18), t7311 (n = 18) and t937 (n = 17) were the most common, followed by t304 (n = 11), t7308 (n = 9), t521 (n = 7), t267 (n = 6), and t527 (n = 5). MLST revealed four different sequence types (STs) including ST97 (related to t521 and t527 spa types), ST352 (related to t267), ST291 (related to t304 and t937) and ST522 (related to t7338, t7311 and t3576). Two MRSA were identified as t304-ST291-SCCmecIV and t7311-ST522-SCCmecIV. No PVL-positive S. aureus were found. A significant difference in geographical distribution of genotypes was observed, with some types being prevalent in all studied provinces (P < 0.001). The results demonstrated genetic diversity among the S. aureus strains involved in mastitis in buffaloes. This study also provides evidence of the presence of MRSA belonging to genotypes which have been earlier reported in human infections, emphasizing the need for their epidemiological monitoring. 相似文献
10.
Harkirat Singh A. K. Mishra J. R. Rao A. K. Tewari 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(2):153-159
An indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and slide enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (SELISA) were standardized for the
detection of antibodies specific to Babesia bigemina in experimentally infected bovine calves and subsequently used for the screening of naturally infected bovine and bubaline
sera. In experimentally infected calves positive reactivity was detected in sera at the earliest on day 7 by both the tests.
Serological studies for detection of B. bigemina specific antibodies in 180 cow and 120 buffalo serum samples procured from endemic zones of Uttar Pradesh and Punjab revealed
56.11% and 23.33% seropositivity, respectively, both by SELISA and IFAT. Variation in the reactivity pattern between these
tests was found to be non significant. The sensitivity of SELISA was determined to be 94.85% whereas the specificity was 90.85%
in comparison to IFAT. The agreement between the two tests by kappa statistics at 95% confidence interval revealed κ- value
of 0.853 that depicts almost a perfect degree of agreement. The findings employing experimental as well as test sera from
cattle and buffalo from some of the tick infested zones of India suggested that SELISA could be a useful tool for seroprevalence
studies on babesiosis, as the test is less cost intensive with high levels of sensitivity and specificity. 相似文献