木豆在干热河谷退化山地的生态适应性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

纪中华  杨艳鲜  拜得珍  方海东  廖承飞  潘志贤  沙毓沧 《干旱地区农业研究》2007,25(3):158-162

2000年木豆(Cajanus cajan(L.)Millspaugh)引入云南省元谋干热河谷地区,观测其物候特征、生长适应性、抗旱适应性、抗光热适应性等植物学指标,以了解其对干热退化山地的整体生态适应性.结果表明,木豆能适应干热河谷的退化山地生长环境,其生长势优于原产地,表现出明显的速生性;木豆的抗光热能力较强,能适应于热河谷的不同光照及高温环境,但温度高于37℃,则光合作用停止;木豆的抗旱能力较强,能够通过不同的生理适应性度过旱季,完成其生长周期.木豆适应于干热河谷的生态环境,利用价值较大,是干热河谷退化山地治理与开发的优选灌木.  相似文献   

Response of the pigeonpea-Rhizobium symbiosis to salinity stress: variation among Rhizobium strains in symbiotic ability     

G. V. Subbarao  C. Johansen  J. V. D. K. Kumar Rao  M. K. Jana 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1990,9(1):49-53

Summary There were significant differences among pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] Rhizobium sp. strains (IC 3506, IC 3484, IC 3195, and IC 3087) in their ability to nodulate and fix N₂ under saline conditions. Pigeonpea plants inoculated with IC 3087 and IC 3506 were less affected in growth by salinity levels of 6 and 8 dS m^-1 than plants inoculated with the other strains. For IC 3506, IC 3484, and IC 3195, there was a decrease in the number of nodules with increasing salinity, while the average nodule dry weight and the specific nitrogenase activity remained unaffected. However, in IC 3087, the number of nodules increased slightly with increasing salinity. Leaf-P concentrations increased with salinity in the inoculated plants irrespective of the Rhizobium sp. strain, and leaf-N concentrations decreased with increasing salinity in IC 3484 and IC 3195 only. Shoot-Na and-Cl levels were further increased in these salt-sensitive strains only at 8 dS m^-1. Therefore there may be scope for selecting pigeonpea Rhizobium sp. symbioses better adapted to saline conditions. The Rhizobium sp. strains best able to form effective symbioses at high salinity levels are not necessarily derived from saline soils.Submitted as JA No. 919 by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)  相似文献   

不同种皮色木豆蛋白质淀粉含量的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

刘秀贤  李正红  张建云  惠雅玲  周朝鸿 《林产化学与工业》2002,22(3):49-53

对云南省 8个栽培地、10个种皮色的木豆籽实进行蛋白质及淀粉含量分析测定 ,结果表明 :蛋白质、淀粉含量均与栽培地、种皮色和栽培地×种皮色互作呈极显著差异。不同栽培地的蛋白质、淀粉含量分别为 2 0 .73%～ 2 4 .86 %和 4 8.2 3%～ 54 .2 2 % ;不同种皮色的蛋白质、淀粉含量分别为 2 0 .96 %～ 2 3.96 %和50 .0 2 %～ 53.34 % ;除元谋的淀粉含量为第三类以外 ,其余栽培地和种皮色的蛋白质及淀粉含量均为第二类。各栽培地、种皮色间蛋白质、淀粉含量有一定差异 ,但从总体看 ,仍缺乏高蛋白、高淀粉含量类型。  相似文献   

Pigeonpea Nutrition and Its Improvement     

《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):227-260

Abstract

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millsp.), known by several vernacular and trade names such as red gram, tuar, Angola pea, Congo pea, yellow dhal and oil dhal, is one of the major grain legume crops of the tropics and sub-tropics. It is a favorite crop of small holder dryland farmers because it can grow well under subsistence level of agriculture and provides nutritive food, fodder, and fuel wood. It also improves soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. India by far is the largest pigeonpea producer where it is consumed as decorticated split peas, popularly called as ‘dhal’ In other countries, its consumption as whole dry seed and green vegetable is popular. Its foliage is used as fodder and milling by-products form an excellent feed for domestic animals. Pigeonpea seeds contain about 20-22% protein and appreciable amounts of essential amino acids and minerals. Dehulling and boiling treatments of seeds get rid of the most antinutritional factors such as tannins and enzyme inhibitors. Seed storage causes considerable losses in the quality of this legume. The seed protein of pigeonpea has been successfully enhanced by breeding from 20-22% to 28-30%. Such lines also agronomically performed well and have acceptable seed size and color. The high-protein lines were found nutritionally superior to the cultivars because they would provide more quantities of utilizable protein and sulfur-containing amino acids.  相似文献   

云南地方栽培木豆群体数量性状变异分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李正红  潘学政  周朝鸿  谷勇  刘秀贤  惠雅玲 《林业科学研究》2004,17(5):547-554

对云南省8个地方栽培木豆群体进行调查,对木豆株高、地径、冠幅、单株荚数、虫荚率、单株粒质量及百粒质量等数量性状变异进行分析,结果表明7个性状不论是群体间还是群体内个体间均存在丰富变异。性状相关性分析表明,单株粒质量与单株荚数呈高度正相关,与株高、地径呈弱正相关。单株荚数、虫荚百分率、百粒质量对产量构成贡献最大,通径系数分别为0．8551、-0．2374、0．1799。若将三个性状相结合,选择单株荚数多、粒大、虫荚少的单株,则后代产量可望有明显增加,有可能育成高产高抗虫性品种。  相似文献   

不同整地方法对木豆植株生长及结实的影响     

谷勇  李福强  刘富泰  和金福  石晶荣  李正红 《西部林业科学》2003,(2):44-46

对印度引进的木豆晚熟品种ICP70 35 ,在怒江六库进行了不同整地方法的造林试验。试验结果表明 :木豆的单株产量以全垦整地方法为最高达 0 0 6 4kg/株 ,打塘整地方法最低为 0 0 38kg/株。通过投入与产出的经济效益分析 ,得出木豆单位面积的经济效益以全垦整地最高为 3773 2 0元 /hm2 ,种植沟整地次之为 2 932 6 0元 /hm2 ,打塘整地最低为 1971 90元 /hm2 。因此 ,在坡度较平缓、土层深厚的地块 ,宜采用全垦整地方法种植木豆 ;在坡度较大的地带 ,为最大程度地减少水土流失 ,宜采用打塘整地方法种植木豆。  相似文献   

Multipurpose tree prunings as a source of nitrogen to maize under semiarid conditions in Zimbabwe     

P. L. Mafongoya  P. K. R. Nair  B. H. Dzowela 《Agroforestry Systems》1996,35(1):31-46

When multipurpose-tree (MPT) prunings are used as a source of nitrogen to annual corps in agroforestry systems, it is important that high levels of N recovery are attained. In order to test the effect of pruning quality and method of pruning application on N-recovery rates, a field experiment was conducted using prunings of five MPT species and two methods of application (surface versus incorporation). There was an interaction of pruning quality and method of pruning application on N recovery and maize grain yield. For most MPT species used, incorporated prunings gave high nitrogen recovery compared to surface applied prunings. In order to achieve synchrony between N supply from prunings and N demand by a maize crop, relatively large amounts of N should be released into the soil before peak N demand by the maize crop. This could be achieved by incorporating adequate quantities of high quality prunings such as those ofCajanus cajan andLeucaena leucocephala. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series Number R-05489.  相似文献   

Management of pigeon pea in short fallows for crop-livestock production systems in the Guinea savanna zone of northern Ghana     

W. A. Agyare  J. M. Kombiok  N. Karbo  A. Larbi 《Agroforestry Systems》2002,54(3):197-202

Crop and livestock production in the Guinea savanna zone of northern Ghana has been declining over the past years as a result of increasing pressure on land. To sustain soil productivity, pigeon pea(Cajanus cajan), a leguminous perennial crop was evaluated for its potential as a short duration fallow crop for fodder and grain, and maize (Zea mays)production. It involved comparing a natural fallow (i.e., control) and four improved fallows of pigeon pea pruned annually at 30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm from the ground, and unpruned pigeon pea over a two-year period. After this time, the land was cleared manually and planted to maize. The highest mean annual biomass of pigeon pea over the two-year period of 6.1 t ha⁻¹ dry matter (DM) was obtained by pruning at 60 cm. The highest leaf litter production and pigeon pea seed yield was obtained from the no pruning treatment. The mean maize grain yield from the improved fallow (3.02 t ha⁻¹) in the first year after clearing was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of the natural fallow (1.54 t ha⁻¹). Considering the biomass of pigeon pea from pruning, pigeon pea seed yield and maize grain yield after the pigeon pea, pruning pigeon pea at 60 cm is the most promising regime for crop-livestock production systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

基于EST和GSS序列的木豆miRNA生物信息学分析     

李崇奇  ;周鹏  ;蔡望伟 《安徽农学通报》2014,(10):17-19

应用miRtour在线分析工具对木豆EST和GSS序列进行miRNA生物信息学预测,应用psRNATarget进行靶基因预测。结果发现,43条不同的木豆miRNA成熟序列,隶属于33个不同的miRNA家族。靶基因预测发现有36条编码序列受miRNA调控,其中17条序列编码酶,2条编码转录因子,7条编码参与细胞信号转导的蛋白,5条编码参与蛋白质降解通路的蛋白。  相似文献   

The Influence of Genotype–Environment Interaction on the Grain Yields of 10 Pigeonpea Cultivars Grown in Kenya     

J. N. Wamatu  & E. Thomas 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(1):25-33

To study the importance of the effects of genotype–environment interactions on the yield of pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.), 10 early-maturing genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a total of seven environments spread over five regions of Kenya between 1987 and 1988. Results indicated the presence of a substantial genotype–environment interaction effect on grain yield. The observed significant genotype–environment interaction effect is discussed in relation to its importance in pigeonpea grain yield evaluation studies. It is noted that the best genotype in one environment is not always so in other environments. Results from regression analysis indicated that this method of analysis is appropriate for describing the response of pigeonpea genotypes grown in a number of locations. Analysis of variance showed significant additive and multiplicative genotype–environment interaction effects. Only the first interaction principal component axis (IPCA) was found to be important in describing the multiplicative interaction effects. The additive main effects and multiplicative effects (AMMI) model allowed the partitioning of interaction variance into agronomically important sources (genotype groups), and the specific genotype × environment patterns that are the basis of these sources of variance were examined.  相似文献