The effect of non-inversion tillage and light availability on dispersal and spatial growth of Cynodon dactylon     

A C Guglielmini  & E H Satorre 《Weed Research》2004,44(5):366-374

The invasive ability of Cynodon dactylon is dependent on self dispersal and on cultivation practices. Tillage can seriously change patch biomass and spatial structure, spreading vegetative propagules of the weed. The objectives of this study were: (i) to quantify the effect on non‐inversion tillage on dispersal, establishment and colonization of C. dactylon and (ii) to propose a simple model considering soil cultivation effects and light availability on spatial growth of weed patches. Two experiments were carried out, exploring different soils and environmental conditions. Spatial distribution of vegetative units differed when tillage was conducted with different non‐inversion implements and could be described by simple functions. A minimum patch biomass seems necessary before vegetative structures are vulnerable to movement by cultivation. Only a small proportion of the biomass dispersed from original patches was able to establish. However, simulation showed that the area colonized by C. dactylon mostly increased by means of tillage dispersal, both with and without crop competition, in one growing cycle. It appears sensible to consider changing cultivation practices to reduce weed dispersal and to use crop competition for light to create unsuitable habitats limiting weed colonization.  相似文献   

夏季狗牙根草坪不同建植方法及秋季交播黑麦草对成坪效果的影响   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

王文恩  张俊卫  傅强  包满珠 《草业科学》2005,22(3):94-97

以狗牙根Cynodon dactylon种子和营养体为材料，在武汉地区，对5种不同建植方法建成的草坪从盖度变化、成坪时间、均一性、建植成本及秋季交播多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne后翌年狗牙根的草坪质量等方面进行综合比较。结果表明：采用夏季建植狗牙根草坪并于秋季交播多年生黑麦草的方法来建植四季常绿草坪，狗牙根采用撒茎覆沙法效果最佳，其他方法依次为开沟埋茎法、闻铺草皮法、穴植草茎法；种子直播法在翌年需重新建坪。  相似文献   

狗牙根辐射诱变后代外部性状变异分析   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

宣继萍  郭爱桂  刘建秀  周久亚  郭海林  车胜利  朱雪花  高鹤 《草业学报》2005,14(6):107-111

对1997-2002年经过辐射诱变得到的狗牙根诱变后代的6个坪用性状指标的统计分析结果表明,1)不同的辐射诱变剂量处理的后代间坪用性状有显著差异,尤其在节间直径和密度上,6 800 rads处理的后代节间都比9 000 rads处理的后代粗,而密度是前者低于后者,2种剂量处理都可以显著降低草层高度;2)不同辐射诱变代数的后代间存在着差异,原始种源进行多代的辐射诱变,可以使得叶片显著变窄,草层高度显著降低,节间变细变长; 3)同一材料在相同辐射剂量诱变处理后匍匐茎不同节之间也存在显著的差异.  相似文献   

狗牙根根系分布特征及其抗拉强度试验研究     

魏华炜  罗海波  张玉环 《水土保持通报》2011,(4):185-189

以狗牙根为研究对象,就狗牙根根系在土壤中的分布及其抗拉强度进行了初步研究。结果表明,根系密度及根系重量随土层深度(0—40 cm)的增加而减少,其规律均服从指数函数关系分布;根系抗拉力随直径增大而增大,其分布规律均可用二次函数进行拟合;根系的平均抗拉强度为39.349 MPa,约为Ⅰ级钢筋抗拉强度的17%,能产生显著的根系"加筋作用",抗拉强度随直径增大而减小,其规律服从指数函数关系分布。根据狗牙根根系分布特征及抗拉强度特性,其固土护坡作用较大。  相似文献   

坡度对紫花苜蓿和狗牙根光合生理特性的影响     

祝顺波  许文年  刘刚  赵娟  陈燚格 《水土保持研究》2012,19(2):218-221

通过模拟试验,测定不同坡度条件下紫花苜蓿和狗牙根光合和蒸腾速率变化,从而分析坡度对护坡植物光合生理特性的影响。结果表明:紫花苜蓿和狗牙根的净光合速率与蒸腾速率随着坡度的增大表现为"单峰"型,且都在坡度为15°左右达到最大值。随着坡度的增大,两种植物的光合生理都受到胁迫影响,但紫花苜蓿变化极显著,而狗牙根则表现为在坡度60°以下的变化很小。紫花苜蓿的固氮能力较强,能在30°以下坡面较好地生长;而狗牙根的强抗逆性,可以在高陡边坡绿化中担当重要角色。研究不仅为边坡修复的物种选择提供了科学参考,也为边坡生态修复提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

狗牙根与空心莲对水库消落带土壤氮磷释放影响的模拟     

吕凤玲  欧阳炜  宋艳暾  蔡崇法  郝蓉  王军光 《水土保持学报》2019,33(3):240-245,253

通过水库水位涨落室内模拟试验,探究丹江口库区消落带优势物种狗牙根和空心莲2种草本植物对土壤氮磷释放过程影响。结果表明:(1)水淹结束后(32天),空心莲子草土壤TN、TP分别降低11.75%,25.28%,狗牙根分别降低3.62%,25.77%。(2)干湿交替环境主要影响土壤中NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和AP的含量的变化,对土壤中的TN、TP含量的影响较小。(3)狗牙根的死亡增加土壤TN、NH_4~+-N、TP量,即不耐淹植被过滤带虽然能净化径流中N、P等污染物,但截留的污染物和植物吸收的养分随着植物体的分解再次进入水体或土壤,无法达到有效防控农业面源污染的目的。该研究为丹江口水库利用植被缓冲带防控水体富营养化提供一定理论依据。  相似文献   

几个草种的水土保持效应研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

左长清  马良 《江西农业大学学报》2004,26(4):619-623

依据前期研究成果,在红壤坡地果园内全园覆盖百喜草(Paspalum notatum Fliigge)可以取得良好的水土保持效果。本研究通过标准径流小区翔实的观测数据,通过对百喜草、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、宽叶雀稗草(Paspalum wettsteinii Hackel)3个草种进行全园覆盖与带状覆盖下的水土保持效应试验,得知3个草种均能有效地遏制水土流失,特别是百喜草水土保持保效应最优。  相似文献   

克隆整合对结缕草与狗牙根种间竞争的影响研究     

王微 《湖北农业科学》2012,51(9):1833-1836

以结缕草(Zoysia japonica Steud.)为研究对象,选取狗牙根[Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pars.]为竞争种,在盆栽条件下,通过切断或保持其基端分株与先端分株间的匍匐茎连接,研究了克隆整合对结缕草先端分株生长及竞争力的影响.结果表明,克隆整合显著提高了结缕草先端分株的分株数、根数量和生物量,并降低了其对叶的生物量投资.种间竞争显著降低了结缕草的生长,并显著提高了根生物量分配.当具有相似克隆生长习性的狗牙根的竞争存在时,克隆整合作用不能提高结缕草先端分株的竞争力,狗牙根的存在较强地抑制了结缕草生长.  相似文献   

Influence of temperature on the growth of bermudagrass selections from the Appalachian region     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(8):849-860

Abstract

The hilly terrain of the Appalachian region creates an environment in which large differences in soil temperature occur over a very short distance on the landscape. The ability of a grass to display adequate growth over a range of temperatures would greatly enhance its adaptability and use as a forage or for soil conservation. A growth chamber experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of temperature on the growth of six bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] selections from the Appalachian region. Midland, a cold tolerant bermudagrass, was included in the study for comparison purposes. The grasses were grown under a 14 hour day length with three day/night temperature regimes: 18°C/13°C, 27°C/21°C, and 35^OC/29°C. Two of the selections had significantly higher dry matter production than Midland over the range of temperatures.

This effect was especially pronounced at 35°C where the top growth of Quicksand common and Selection 13 exceeded that of Midland by 206% and 158%, respectively. The higher yielding selections were comparable to the other bermudagrasses when mineral concentrations, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin levels were considered. Both Quicksand common and Selection 13 seem to have the potential to be particularily useful on south facing slopes where elevated soil temperatures are encountered.  相似文献   

同工酶在西南地区野生狗牙根遗传多样性上的研究     

张小艾  张新全 《四川草原》2006,(4):30-32

对36份具有代表性的西南地区野生狗牙根材料采用同工酶进行遗传多样性研究,筛选出优良草坪草C1,C32,C9和部分优良育种材料,为西南地区狗牙根的开发利用及申报品种提供理论依据。  相似文献