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Abstract Maize (Senkuil) and a forage sorghum hybrid (DeKalb FS2) were compared as silage crops under drought conditions. Sorghum yielded more digestible organic matter per hectare than maize. Maize and forage sorghum silage were well preserved and stable under aerobic conditions. 相似文献
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木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)块根富含淀粉,可作为代替玉米的能量饲料来源,但其含有剧毒物质氢氰酸(HCN),限制了其在畜禽日粮中的应用。因此,对木薯进行脱毒研究具有重要意义。本文研究了水煮、烘干、微波加热和青贮4种脱毒方法的效果,结果显示:木薯块根经水煮和烘干后其HCN去除率最高,水煮25min和烘干12h HCN的去除率均达到81.7%,微波加热6min去除率为78.8%,而30℃和40℃青贮56d可去除木薯块根一半以上的HCN。前3种方法去除率虽高,但都消耗大量能量,尤其是水煮还会增加营养损失,水煮15min,粗蛋白降低17%,可溶性碳水化合物降低24.9%,淀粉降低11.8%,并且随着水煮时间的延长(15~25 min),营养损失增加。青贮对HCN的去除率虽低,但基本不消耗能量,营养保存也好,是一种低成本的处理方法。 相似文献
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为调查收割至青贮装填前乳酸菌的动态变化,本研究以甜玉米(Zea mays L.)和热研四号(Pennisetum purpureum×P.americanum‘Reyan No.4’)王草为材料,检测从刈割、切短、放置8h和放置24h四个阶段乳酸菌的动态变化。研究结果表明:从未切短(4.25lg cfu·g~(-1) FM)到切短(5.69lg cfu·g~(-1) FM)阶段乳酸菌的数量显著增加(P0.05),主要是乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactic)、柠檬明串珠菌(Leuconostoc citreum)和融合魏斯氏菌(Weissella confuse)。随着放置时间的延长,乳酸菌种类变化随植物品种而异,甜玉米切短后发现柠檬明串珠菌,放置24h后发现假肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides),而热研四号王草切短后菌株短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)消失。 相似文献
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The feeding value of a mixture of sorghum and soybeans plants, either fresh or ensiled, was evaluated with sheep. Sorghum and soybeans were harvested during the Cuban rainy season and ensiled in a ratio of 0.6/0.4 (w/w, as feed) with molasses and a bacterial inoculant. Silos were opened between 162 and 182 d post ensiling during the Cuban dry season and silages were fed to six pelibuey sheep (including two fistulated). Six other sheep (also including two fistulated) were fed sorghum and soybean in the same proportion, but freshly harvested during the dry season. The experiment lasted 21 d (14 d adaptation and 7 d data collection period). Silage quality parameters included pH, ammonia, lactate, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Further, both fresh and ensiled diets were offered to study the rumen fermentation characteristics (pH, ammonia, lactate, SCFA, in situ degradability and methane), duodenal flow of microbial protein (assessed through urinary purine derivatives secretion), fecal degradability of nutrients and urinary N excretion. From these measurements ME value and degradable CP supply at the small intestine (DCPSI) were estimated. Silage was of excellent quality. Compared to fresh forage feeding silage increased molar propionate proportion and rumen microbial protein synthesis and reduced methane emission. Fresh forage showed lower rumen degradability and total digestibility. Further, the higher ME concentration (11.2 vs. 10.3 MJ/kg DM) and DCPSI (84.7 vs. 56.1 g/kg DM) of the silage would allow a higher milk production or daily gain as compared with fresh forage available during the Cuban dry season. 相似文献
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青贮玉米密度与产量及产量构成因素的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
对青贮玉米的密度与产量及产量构成因素的关系研究表明 ,密度对青贮玉米的单株鲜重、粒重、穗重、分蘖力及绿叶数影响最大 ,密度是影响玉米产量的关键因素 ,南北疆及其类似地区的青贮玉米高产密度不宜超过 82 5 0 0株 /hm2 ,最佳经济生产密度为 675 0 0～ 82 5 0 0株 /hm2 。 相似文献
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通过研究青贮玉米的密度与产量及产量构成因素的关系,结果表明:密度对青贮玉米的单株鲜重、粒重、穗重、分蘖力及绿叶数影响最大,密度是影响产量的关键因素,南北疆及其类似地区的青贮玉米高产密度不宜超过82500株/hm2,最佳经济生产密度为67500～82500株/hm2。 相似文献
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本研究设置4种青贮密度和4个梯度的施氮量,对全株玉米青贮饲料进行发酵品质和营养品质分析,进而探究青贮密度及施氮量对全株玉米青贮品质的影响。结果表明,青贮密度在800kg/m^3时全株玉米青贮的乙酸含量最低(P<0.05);在750kg/m^3时全株玉米青贮的淀粉含量最高(P<0.05)。施氮量在300kg/hm^2和450kg/hm^2时全株玉米青贮的氨态氮占总氮比值极显著高于施氮量较低的处理(P<0.01);施氮量在450kg/hm^2时,全株玉米青贮的可溶性糖和淀粉含量最高。综上所述,与青贮密度650kg/m^3相比,青贮密度为800kg/m^3的玉米青贮氨态氮和乙酸含量较低,淀粉含量较高;施用氮肥可以显著提高全株玉米青贮的淀粉含量。 相似文献
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The ruminal degradation of amino acids (AA) of a green Italian rye-grass (GRG) and its silage (ERG) was determined on three wethers cannulated in rumen and duodenum using in situ and particle passage techniques. Wethers were fed a diet of ERG, corn silage and concentrate (1:1:1, DM basis) at 40 g DM/kg BW0.75. Two rumen incubations (at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h) with freeze-dried samples (3 g) in nylon bags were performed for each feed. The microbial contamination of incubated residues was corrected using 15N enriched solid associated bacteria isolates as reference. Two different estimates of undegraded AA were established: UPp, considering the particle rumen outflow rate (kp) of the ERG, and UPcp, considering additionally the rate of comminution and mixing (kc) of these particles. Microbial contamination resulted in large errors in the degradation kinetic parameters of all AA. As a result, non corrected UPp and UPcp included a large fraction of microbial origin. For essential AA plus cysteine these microbial proportions ranged 0.365–0.555 (UPp) and 0.461–0.710 (UPcp) in GRG. In ERG these values ranged: 0.403–0.666 (UPp) and 0.481–0.804 (UPcp). Cysteine always supplied minimum values whereas lysine showed maximum values in GRG or very close to these in ERG. Ensiling was associated with large changes in the AA profile. These variations conditioned, in turn, large differences in the changes made by the rumen microorganisms on the AA profile of both forages. However, ensiling only led to little changes in the profile of the rumen undegraded protein, especially when kc was considered. Results show the need to correct for this contamination to obtain accurate AA valuations and also that the AA profile of the undegraded protein of a green forage may serve as a guide for this profile in its silages. 相似文献