Cross‐linked polyacrylates in post‐mining substrates: persistence and effects on plant growth     

A. Rodionov  S. Nii‐Annang  T. Fischer  A. Gattinger  O. Bens  T. Raab  R. F. Hüttl 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(1):78-87

Application of hydrophilic polymers composed of cross‐linked polyacrylate can improve soil water‐holding capacity and accelerate the restoration of post‐mining substrates. In this work, we studied the persistence of a polyacrylate polymer incorporated into a soil and its impact on plant nutrients at a reclamation site of former lignite mining in Lusatia (Germany). In contrast to autumn application, the incorporation of the polymer enhanced the sequestration of plant‐derived carbon in the soil, which was reflected by a significant increase in the concentration of a lignin marker. Attenuated total reflexion–Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR‐FTIR) and total elemental contents in the applied polymer suggested an intensive cation exchange between the polymer framework and the soil‐forming substrate. In addition, there was an enrichment of carbonaceous material, which seems to reduce the swelling and thus the water‐holding capacity of the cross‐linked polyacrylate. Conversely, this process protected the polymer structure from rapid decomposition.  相似文献   

I-214杨木光变色的规律及机理研究     

郭洪武  闫昊鹏  王金林  李春生 《北京林业大学学报》2010,32(1):89-91

以I-214杨木单板为试材、氙光作为辐射光源,考察I-214杨木单板在100h光照过程中试材表面材色的变化规律;依据红外光谱图的谱峰位置和谱峰相对吸收强度,分析和确定光变色过程中杨木木材的化学组分。结果表明:杨木木材受光辐射易发生变色,主要表现为明度指数L*降低,色度指数a*、b*上升;若以波数1510cm-1为基准,非共轭羰基C?O振动的吸收峰(1738cm-1)吸收强度显著增强;共轭羰基C?O伸缩振动的吸收峰(1650cm-1)有所增强;芳香环骨架C—C振动的吸收峰(1510cm-1)吸收强度明显减弱;C—O—H振动的吸收峰(1160～1052cm-1)吸收强度有所减弱。  相似文献   

5种花梨木的红外光谱比较分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

程士超  李丹  张求慧  黄安民 《北京林业大学学报》2016,38(1):118-124

为了提供识别花梨木品种的新思路和新方法,采用红外光谱分析方法,对越柬紫檀、刺猬紫檀、印度紫檀、大果紫檀、鸟足紫檀5种花梨木的一维红外光谱(FTIR)、二阶导数光谱(SDIR)、二维相关红外光谱(2DIR)进行对比分析。结果表明:1)在FTIR谱图中,5种花梨木在781 cm-1处的差异可以把越柬紫檀和刺猬紫檀与其他3种花梨木区分开;2)在SDIR 谱图中,刺猬紫檀在1 179 cm-1处存在1个吸收峰;大果紫檀在781 cm-1处存在吸收峰;鸟足紫檀在1 351、1 299、1 147、1 131、938 cm-1处都有明显的吸收峰,而印度紫檀没有吸收峰;3)在2DIR谱图中,1 100、1 150、1 258 cm-1处的差异可以将刺猬紫檀与其他4种花梨木区分开,1 467、1 518 cm-1处的差异可以把越柬紫檀、刺猬紫檀与鸟足紫檀区分开来。单独使用2DIR识别方法并不能把5种花梨木完全区分,但将FTIR、SDIR、2DIR这3种方法结合可以实现5种花梨木的区分,也有助于红木树种的无损识别。   相似文献   

Lignin Characterization of Triploid Clones of Populus tomentosa Carr.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jin Xiao-juan Pu Jun-wen Xie Yi-min Takeshi Furuno Liu Xin-yu 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(2):52-56

In order to understand the structural characteristics of lignin in triploid clones ofPopulus tomentosa and its changes in the processes of pulping and bleaching, milled wood lignin （MWL）, lignin carbohydrate complex （LCC） and the residual lignin from kraft pulp （KP） and sulfite pulp （SP） were isolated and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrum and ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）. The most diagnostic peaks were assigned and the differences were discussed. The spectral patterns reveal that triploid P tomentosa shows the specific features of hardwood from temperate areas, but in the spectrum of FTIR, the strength ratio orAl270 cm^-1 to A1226 cm^-1 is 0.88, higher than the average of hardwood from temperate areas, which will make the lignin delignification more difficult during pulping and bleaching. The LCC from triploid P tomentosa is mainly composed of xyloglucan and glucuronic acid, and other glucides have much lower ratio. In LCC FTIR, there are three peaks at 1 427, 1 329 and 1 046 cm^-1, indicating that both semi-cellulose and cellulose could exist in LCC, and that there might be relationships between cellulose and lignin. Compared with the residual lignin from KP and SP, the condensed structure in KP is more than that in SP.  相似文献   

Liquefaction and product identification of main chemical compositions of wood in phenol   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhang Qiu-hui Zhao Guang-jie Jie Shu-jun 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(2):31-37

To clarify liquefaction ratios and their construction variations of the main chemical compositions of wood in phenol using phosphoric acid as a catalyst, the chemical ingredients of wood such as holocellulose, cellulose and lignin, were measured and extracted according to GB methods. With Fourier transform infrared （FTIR）, the product identification of reactant before and after liquefaction in phenol was investigated. The molecular weights and their distributions of the liquefaction results （acetone soluble parts） were studied by gel permeation chromatography （GPC）. Results show that the molecular weights and their distributions of poplar and Chinese fir are almost the same. In poplar, the distribution of cellulose is the largest, and that ofholocellulose the smallest after liquefaction. For Chinese fir, the distribution of holocellulose is the largest, and that of cellulose the smallest. After liquefaction of poplar cellulose, the change bands of FTIR spectrum observed below 1 600 cm^-1, can be attributed to new substitute groups. The same is true for poplar lignin. For Chinese fir, the spectra of liquefaction results of all chemical compositions differ from that of wood meal. This reveals the more activity groups were produced because of the reactions between Chinese fir and phenol. The research shows that the liquefaction ratios of poplar decrease in the following order： holocellulose 〉 lignin 〉 cellulose, and those of Chinese fir in the order： lignin 〉 cellulose 〉 holocellulose.  相似文献   

傅里叶变换红外光谱技术在茶叶领域研究中的应用与展望     

韦柳花  苏敏  诸葛天秋  罗小梅  邓慧群 《广西农学报》2014,(6):40-43

随着人们对傅里叶变换红外光谱技术研究的深入,FTIR在茶叶领域中的应用也越来越广泛。文章阐述了傅里叶变换红外光谱仪的发展历程、原理及其技术在茶叶品质鉴定和茶叶定性识别领域中的研究概况,同时对傅里叶变换红外光谱技术在茶叶领域的应用前景做出了展望。  相似文献   

互花米草厌氧发酵渣活性炭的制备表征及吸附性能研究     

王正芳  郑正  罗兴章  张继彪  聂耳  浦君梅  李坤权 《农业环境保护》2010,(7):1374-1381

利用废弃物互花米草厌氧发酵渣为原料,以H3PO4为活化剂,于N2保护下,在不同的活化温度（400~700℃）和剂料质量比（0.5~3.0）条件下制备活性炭,以低温液氮（N2/77.4 K）吸附测定活性炭的比表面积、孔容及孔径分布,以FTIR、pHPZC测定分析活性炭表面化学性质;以亚甲基蓝为特征污染物,考察所制备的活性炭成品的吸附能力。结果表明,随着剂料质量比的增大,活性炭孔径分布变宽,中孔所占比例增大;在所考察的活化温度范围内,活性炭N2吸附容量大小与BET比表面积呈现相同的趋势。活化温度为500℃、剂料质量比为2.0条件下所制备的活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能良好,最大吸附容量可达243.90 mg.g-1,符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。亚甲基蓝Langmuir最大吸附容量与活性炭BET比表面积存在一定的线性关系。该活性炭制备方法为互花米草厌氧发酵渣的综合利用找到了新的途径。  相似文献   

傅里叶红外光谱技术在生物质能源研究中的应用     

鲁秀杰  刘德芳  宋魁彦 《林业机械与木工设备》2013,(9)

傅里叶变换红外光谱是灵敏度高、波数准确、重复性好,用以确定分子组成和结构的定性和定量分析技术。主要对傅里叶红外光谱技术在生物质固体燃料、生物质热解、生物质液化等研究中的应用进行分析和阐述,介绍了傅里叶变换红外光谱及其联合分析技术的应用。  相似文献   

Development and Characterization of Calcium-Alginate Beads of Apigenin: In Vitro Antitumor,Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities     

Mohammed F. Aldawsari  Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed  Farhat Fatima  Md. Khalid Anwer  Prakash Katakam  Abdullah Khan 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

The objective of this work was to develop sustained-release Ca-alginate beads of apigenin using sodium alginate, a natural polysaccharide. Six batches were prepared by applying the ionotropic gelation technique, wherein calcium chloride was used as a crosslinking agent. The beads were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, percentage yield, and in vitro drug release. Particle size was found to decrease, and drug entrapment efficiency was enhanced with an increase in the polymer concentration. The dissolution study showed sustained drug release from the apigenin-loaded alginate beads with an increase in the polymer proportion. Based on the dissolution profiles, BD6 formulation was optimized and characterized for FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM, results of which indicated successful development of apigenin-loaded Ca alginate beads. MTT assay demonstrated a potential anticancer effect against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The antimicrobial activity exhibited effective inhibition in the bacterial and fungal growth rate. The DPPH measurement revealed that the formulation had substantial antioxidant activity, with EC50 value slightly lowered compared to pure apigenin. A stability study demonstrated that the BD6 was stable with similar (f2) drug release profiles in harsh condition. In conclusion, alginate-based beads could be used for sustaining the drug release of poorly water-soluble apigenin while also improving in vitro antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity.  相似文献   

XPS and FTIR studies of fungus-stained Daemonorops margaritae     

Wenhua Lyu  Yuan Shi  Yaxian Zheng  Xing'e Liu 《林业研究》2019,(2):739-743

We explored the discoloration of rattan cane using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). XPS analysis showed that after the cane was stained by Lasiodiplodia theobromae, carbon and oxygen elements and the ratio of oxygen to carbon decreased. Considering atomic binding,C_1 and C_4 contents increased, while C_2 and C_3 contents decreased, and the ratio of O_2 to O_1 decreased sharply. The relative contents of lignin, cellulose and polysaccharides increased and new substances with low O_2/O_1 ratio occurred. FTIR analysis showed that the absorption peaks of O–H at 3346 cm^-1, aliphatic C–H at 2921, 2853 and1464 cm^-1, and C=O at 1723 cm^-1, were characteristic peaks of fungal melanin intensified, indicating that cane discoloration was primarily caused by fungal melanin. The absorption peaks characterizing cellulose and lignin like polysaccharides at 800 cm^-1, C–H at 1374 cm^-1, C–O at1058 and 1038 cm^-1, phenolic hydroxyl at 1245 cm^-1,aromatic ether bonds at 1270 cm^-1, carbon skeleton at1608 cm^-1 and benzene ring at 1500 cm^-1 were enhanced since the fungus mainly consumed the extractives in cane cell lumens and the main composition content increased relatively. Regardless of the discoloration caused by natural fungi or inoculated fungi, the discoloring feature and composition changes were identical except that the fungusinoculated cane had more melanin.  相似文献