天然芸苔素内酯缓解胺苯磺隆对后茬水稻药害的作用机理初探   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

周小毛  柏连阳  刘雪源  任新国  李双祁  卜小莉  黄柯程 《农药学学报》2003,5(1):61-67

通过测定天然芸苔素内酯对水稻幼苗谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性以及在离体和活体条件下对水稻幼苗乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)活力的影响,研究天然芸苔素内酯减轻胺苯磺隆对水稻药害的作用机理。结果表明,其作用机理与水稻幼苗GSH含量、GST活性变化没有太大相关性,可能与其能间接激活水稻幼苗ALS活力有较大相关。  相似文献   

氨氮胁迫对四鼻须鲤鱼肝脏GST酶活力的影响     

刘洋  凌去非  王磊  王大鹏  佟广军 《水产养殖》2011,32(7):13-15

实验采用生态毒理学方法,以NH4Cl为实验药物,设置0、50、150和250mg/L实验浓度。通过对野生和养殖群体的四鼻须鲤鱼氨氮对肝脏谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GST）活力的影响,比较两个群体抗氨氮能力。结果表明：在相同的氨氮浓度和胁迫时间下,四鼻须鲤鱼养殖群体GST酶活力的变化趋势与野生群体大致相同。除250mg/L浓度组在胁迫5d和10d时,野生群体酶活性略低于养殖群体外,在其余时间点的野生群体酶活性均高于养殖群体,而且,在高浓度氨氮胁迫下,野生群体肝脏的GST酶活性达到峰值的时间比养殖群体更短,显示出较强的抗氨氮能力。  相似文献   

Comparative study on glutathione S-transferase activity, cDNA, and gene expression between malathion susceptible and resistant strains of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris     

Yu Cheng Zhu  Gordon L. Snodgrass 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,87(1):62-72

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Effects of deltamethrin on hematological parameters and enzymatic activity in Ancistrus multispinis (Pisces, Teleostei)     

C.T. Pimpão  H.C. Silva de Assis 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(2):122-127

Deltamethrin (DM) is a pyrethroid insecticide widely used in Brazilian crops and in pest-control programs because of its low environmental persistence and toxicity. It has been shown to exert a wide range of effects on non-targeted organisms including fishes. The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of deltamethrin through the hematological and biochemical parameters using Ancistrus multispinis as animal model. First, blood of A. multispinis was collected by cardiac puncture in order to evaluate the basal values of the total cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit rates. A. multispinis showed low number leukocytes, red blood cells and hemoglobin compared to other species. The intoxication with DM (0.1 or 0.3 mg kg⁻¹) induced leukocytosis and increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin levels 96 h after the injection when compared to vehicle-injected animals. The injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also induced a significant leukocytosis and increased the erythrocytes number 4 h after the injection. The combination of the higher dose of DM with LPS showed an additional effect in the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes. The GST and EROD activities were also evaluated in the gills and liver, respectively, 96 h after intoxication with both doses of DM. The GST activity decreased after DM intoxication in both doses while EROD activity was not significantly different. These results suggest that A. multispinis is a valuable model for ecotoxicological studies. Also, DM can affect the metabolizing system (GST) and immunologic system of A. multispinis, a condition that can be worsened in the presence of inflammation or infection.  相似文献   

Characterization of hepatic and extrahepatic glutathione S-transferases in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and their induction by 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl     

M. Pérez-López  P. Anglade  M.P. Bec-Ferté  L. Debrauwer  E. Perdu  J.P. Cravedi  P. Rouimi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2000,22(1):21-32

Liver, kidney, gill and olfactory epithelium cytosolic fractions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined for glutathione S-transferase (GST) contents. Proteins retained on a glutathione (GSH)-affinity matrix were separated as monomers by reversed-phase HPLC and characterized by immunoblotting, mass spectrometry and partial amino acid sequence. For each organ concerned, a specific pattern of these proteins was determined and appeared similar for liver and kidney on one hand, and for gill and olfactory epithelium on the other hand. It was confirmed that the prominent hepatic GST is a class enzyme, also constitutively expressed as a major isoform in the four organs studied. Moreover, a class variant and two new class GST subunits were characterized in minor fractions. An unknown protein, which was found major in gills and olfactory epithelium, exhibited some characteristics of class GSTs. Occurrence of possible GSH-adduct formation observed on two distinct monomers in specific experimental conditions is discussed. These results and methods were used to investigate the effect of 3,3,4,4-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB), a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), on GST expression in trout liver. From HPLC-profiling, significant co-induction of the major class and the two minor class GST subunits was observed in trout after waterborne exposure to TCB which was followed by a slight increase in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) activity. The present work allows qualitative evaluation of the specific detoxification potential of rainbow trout. The use of HPLC-profiling of GSTs as a possible tool for the biomonitoring of polluted aquatic environment is suggested.  相似文献   

萘二甲酐减轻咪唑乙烟酸对油菜药害的效果和解毒机理初报     

黄春艳  王宇  李静  黄元炬  丛林  朴德万  叶非 《中国油料作物学报》2014,36(3):398

采用模拟咪唑乙烟酸土壤残留,以油菜盆栽试验研究萘二甲酐对咪唑乙烟酸土壤残留的解毒效果和解毒机理。结果表明,咪唑乙烟酸25g ai/hm2用量下对油菜有较重药害,可使油菜苗的株高、鲜重等生长指标和谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）活力、氨基酸含量等生理指标明显降低。用种子重量0.5%萘二甲酐（NA）湿润拌种处理油菜种子能减轻咪唑乙烟酸对油菜苗的药害。萘二甲酐+咪唑乙烟酸处理的油菜苗株高和鲜重明显高于咪唑乙烟酸处理。萘二甲酐和咪唑乙烟酸都能导致油菜苗的氨基酸含量发生变化,并对GSH含量和GST活力有不同程度的影响。与咪唑乙烟酸25g ai/hm2处理相比,萘二甲酐加入咪唑乙烟酸后,使16种氨基酸含量升高,只有脯氨酸含量降低,氨基酸总量升高;GSH含量略有增加,但GST活力有显著提高。可以认为提高油菜苗氨基酸含量和GST的活力是萘二甲酐对咪唑乙烟酸解毒的重要途径。  相似文献   

Activities of biotransformation enzymes in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and their modulation by in vivo administration of mebendazole and flubendazole     

Savlík M  Polácková L  Szotáková B  Lamka J  Velík J  Skálová L 《Research in veterinary science》2007,83(1):20-26

Basal activities of certain pheasant hepatic and intestinal biotransformation enzymes and modulation of their activities by anthelmintics flubendazole (FLBZ) and mebendazole (MBZ) were investigated in subcellular fractions that were prepared from liver and small intestine of control and FLBZ or MBZ treated birds. Several oxidation, reduction and conjugation enzyme activities were assessed. In the liver, treatment of pheasants by FLBZ or MBZ caused very slight or no changes in monooxygenase activities and conjugation enzymes. More significative changes were detected in small intestine. Metyrapone and daunorubicin reductase activities were increased by both substances in the liver. This is the first evidence that certain benzimidazoles modulate reductases of carbonyl group. With respect to the relatively slight extent of the changes caused by FLBZ or MBZ we can assume that repeated administration of therapeutic doses of both FLBZ and MBZ has probably no serious influence on pheasant biotransformation enzyme system.  相似文献   

抗谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)单克隆抗体的研制及初步应用     

滕蔓  罗俊  王秋霞  王丽  张改平 《华北农学报》2011,26(4):82-85

以纯化的谷胱甘肽转移酶标签蛋白(GST)免疫Balb/C小鼠,取免疫鼠脾细胞与NSO骨髓瘤细胞按常规方法融合,用纯化的GST经间接ELISA筛选,阳性孔经3次有限稀释法亚克隆,最终获得2株抗GST的单克隆杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为4B7-F4和4B7-F4.间接ELISA检测4B7-E4、4B7-F4细胞培养上清的效价分...  相似文献   

Antioxidant role of propolis extract against oxidative damage of testicular tissue induced by insecticide chlorpyrifos in rats     

Azza A. AttiaReda H. ElMazoudy  Nahla S. El-Shenawy 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,103(2):87-93

Pesticides induce oxidative stress leading to generate free radicals and alternate the antioxidant or oxygen free radical scavenging enzyme system. This study was conducted to investigate the oral toxicity of chlorpyrifos toward male rat and the oxidative stress of the sub-lethal dose (9 mg/kg; 1/25 LD₅₀) on the lipid peroxidation level (LPO), reduced glutathione content (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities of testicular tissue. Also, the protective effects of propolis extract (50 mg/kg b.w.) alone or in combination with chlorpyrifos were investigated. The oral administration of chlorpyrifos significantly caused elevation in LPO level by 1.79-fold as compared to control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including CAT, SOD, GPx and GST were decreased significantly (23.66%, 27.75%, 29.13% and 11.52%) as well as the level of GSH decreased by 21.97% in testicular tissue as compared to control animals. Co-administration of propolis extract with chlorpyrifos or alone in male rats decreased LPO level, normalized CAT, SOD GPx and GST activities, while GSH content was increased in testicular tissue. We conclude that propolis extract significantly reduces chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in rat testis and the protective effect of the pre-treatment with propolis extract as attenuating agent could be due to its antioxidant properties.  相似文献   

Cloning and characterization of two glutathione S-transferases from pyrethroid-resistant Culex pipiens     

Samra AI  Kamita SG  Yao HW  Cornel AJ  Hammock BD 《Pest management science》2012,68(5):764-772

BACKGROUND: The Marin strain of Culex pipiens Say is a pyrethroid‐resistant population that was collected in Marin County, California, in 2001 and subsequently maintained in the laboratory under regular permethrin exposure. RESULTS: In this study, two cDNAs, CpGSTd1 and CpGSTd2, encoding glutathione S‐transferase (GST) were cloned from Cx. pipiens Marin. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences, CpGSTD1 and CpGSTD2, of these genes indicated that they belong to the Delta class of insect GSTs. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of CpGSTd1 and CpGSTd2 were 59 and 48% identical respectively. CpGSTD1 and CpGSTD2 were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. The recombinant GSTs exhibited unique selectivity towards the general GST substrates 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and 1,2‐dichloro‐4‐nitrobenzene (DCNB), and also differed in their sensitivity to known inhibitors of GSTs. CpGSTD1 exhibited peroxidase activity with cumene hydroperoxide, while CpGSTD2 appeared to lack this activity. CpGSTD1 was able to metabolize 1,1,1‐trichloro‐2,2‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), while DDT metabolism by CpGSTD2 was not detectable. CpGSTD1 and CpGSTD2 showed no detectable metabolism of permethrin. Gene expression of CpGSTd1 and CpGSTd2 in Marin mosquitoes was elevated about twofold in comparison with that found in a pyrethroid‐sensitive mosquito strain. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that CpGSTD1 and CpGSTD2 have unique biochemical characteristics, but they do not appear to play major roles in permethrin resistance in Marin mosquitoes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献