Abnormally modified tau and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage     

XIAO Jie  LI Fan 《园艺学报》2015,31(1):181-187

Tau is the most abundant microtubule-associated protein in the brain. If tau protein lost the normal function, the toxic effect should be showed and plays an important role in various central nervous system lesions. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of mortality in the neonatal period and it is mainly characterized by neurological deficits such as cognitive limitations. However, the mechanism still needs further study, and the underlying relationship between tau protein and HIE lacks direct evidence. Some recent clinical study reported that tau protein expression elevated in the serum of asphyxia children and had a high correlation with behavior deficient. In this review, we focus on 3 key points to provide new insights to understand the tau protein-related pathogenesis of HIE as followed: (1) tau protein and its phosphorylation change during central nervous system development; (2) comparison of tau protein expression in developing brain and adult brain under some neurological disorders; (3) potential pathological change of tau in HIE related pathological conditions, such as dysmyelination, inflammation response and glutamate metabolism.  相似文献   

大豆萌发过程中谷氨酸脱羧酶活性变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚琪  刘淑欣  张永忠 《大豆科技》2011,(4):31-34

研究了大豆在浸泡、萌发两个过程中谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)的活力变化。通过测定大豆中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的含量变化,间接测定大豆中GAD的活性。结果表明,大豆在25℃,浸泡10h,大豆中的GAD活性达到浸泡中最高水平,酶活性为2.45U。浸泡后的大豆在30℃,萌发40h时,酶活性达到萌发中最高水平,为1.28U。大豆在浸泡和萌发两个状态下,GAD活性较储藏期都有很大提高,且浸泡时酶活总体水平高于萌发期酶活总体水平,其中大豆GAD在25℃,浸泡10h时活性最高,为2.45U。  相似文献   

利用米糠外添GAD制备γ-氨基丁酸的工艺条件优化     

孟庆虹  严松  王少元  张志宏  周野  卢淑雯 《北方水稻》2013,43(1):5-9

以稻米加工副产品米糠为原料,采用单因素和正交实验确定了外添谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)制备γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的最佳工艺条件:GAD酶用量175u/g,酶解时间2h,pH5.5,酶解温度45℃。经验证实验,在最佳工艺条件下GABA生成量为1530.7mg/100g米糠。  相似文献   

The immune modifying effects of amino acids on gut-associated lymphoid tissue   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Megan  R  Ruth Catherine  J  Field 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,(3):195-204

The intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue（GALT） are essential components of whole body immune defense,protecting the body from foreign antigens and pathogens,while allowing tolerance to commensal bacteria and dietary antigens.The requirement for protein to support the immune system is well established.Less is known regarding the immune modifying properties of individual amino acids,particularly on the GALT.Both oral and parenteral feeding studies have established convincing evidence that not only the total protein intake,but the availability of specific dietary amino acids（in particular glutamine,glutamate,and arginine,and perhaps methionine,cysteine and threonine） are essential to optimizing the immune functions of the intestine and the proximal resident immune cells.These amino acids each have unique properties that include,maintaining the integrity,growth and function of the intestine,as well as normalizing inflammatory cytokine secretion and improving T-lymphocyte numbers,specific T cell functions,and the secretion of IgA by lamina propria cells.Our understanding of this area has come from studies that have supplemented single amino acids to a mixed protein diet and measuring the effect on specific immune parameters.Future studies should be designed using amino acid mixtures that target a number of specific functions of GALT in order to optimize immune function in domestic animals and humans during critical periods of development and various disease states.  相似文献   

Effect of minocycline on glutamate uptake in periventricular zone of neonatal rats after hypoxia     

LI Hong-chun  LI Xia  MA Xue-tao  XIAO Jie  NIU Zhi-rui  FENG Lei  LI Fan 《园艺学报》2016,32(2):290-295

AIM: To investigate the role of minocycline on glutamate uptake in the periventricular zone and its putative mechanism after hypoxic exposure in neonatal rats. METHODS: A model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) was developed by putting postnatal 1 d rat pups in 5% O₂ for 3.5 h. The glutamate level in periventricular zone was measured by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS/MS) after hypoxic exposure for 4 h and 1 d. The dynamic changes of glutamate transporters EAAT1, and EAAT2 during developmental period in periventricular zone were determined by Western blot. Moreover, the expression of EAAT1, EAAT2, Iba-1, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 was also detected by Western blot after hypoxic exposure for 4 h and 1 d in that region. The effects of minocycline on all parameters mentioned above were tested after minocycline treatment at the same time points and in the same region. RESULTS: After hypoxic exposure, glutamate level was increased, but it was decreased after minocycline treatment. EAAT1 and EAAT2 kept a low expression level at the first postnatal week, but a predominant elevation was found at the end of the second postnatal week. The expression of EAAT1, EAAT2, Iba-1, IL-1β and TGF-β1 was increased at 1 d after hypoxic exposure. EAAT1 and TNF-α expression was significantly up-regulated, while EAAT2 was down-regulated after minocycline treatment. CONCLUSION: Minocycline inhibits the increase in the glutamate level after hypoxia in periventricular region of the neonatal rats. The mechanism may relate to the selective regulation of glutamate transporters, rather than the inhibition of neuroinflammation in periventricular zone.  相似文献   

甘氨酸浓度对普通白菜幼苗生长及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响     

王小丽  周倩  黄丹枫 《中国蔬菜》2016,1(7):68-74

为了探讨不同浓度甘氨酸态氮对普通白菜幼苗生长和氮代谢的影响,在水培条件下比较了2个普通白菜品种(华王和五月慢)4个甘氨酸(Gly)浓度水平下(0、2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0mmol·L~()-1))全株干质量、总氮含量、总碳含量及氮代谢关键酶活性的差异。结果表明,2个普通白菜品种幼苗干质量、总氮含量、总碳含量及氮代谢关键酶活性均随着甘氨酸浓度的增加呈先上升后降低的趋势;2.5~10.0mmol·L~()-1)处理下2个普通白菜品种幼苗干质量、总氮含量、总碳含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、谷氨酸合成酶活性及根系硝酸还原酶活性、根系谷草转氨酶活性、根系谷丙转氨酶活性大多显著高于对照;20.0mmol·L~()-1)处理下2个普通白菜品种幼苗干质量、总碳含量、总氮含量及大部分酶活性基本与对照差异不显著,其中五月慢幼苗干质量、地上部总氮含量、地上部和根系总氮含量显著低于对照。综上,适宜浓度的甘氨酸态氮处理下植株较高的GS、GOGA活性及根系NR、GOT、GPT活性有利于普通白菜对甘氨酸的同化利用,从而促进普通白菜的生长和碳氮积累。  相似文献   

破壁方法对短乳杆菌谷氨酸脱羧酶提取效果的影响     

张颖  高年发  段强  于韶梅 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(34):20969-20970,20981

采用不同的破壁方法提取短乳杆菌谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）,研究破壁方法对所得GAD活力的影响。结果表明,超声波破壁有利于菌体释放胞内谷氨酸脱羧酶。正交试验结果表明,超声波破壁的最佳工艺条件为：超声功率220 W,工作时间20 min,工作/间歇时间比5 s/10 s。  相似文献   

两个棉纤维发育相关基因的克隆与特征分析     

王磊  朱一超  蔡彩萍  张天真  郭旺珍 《作物学报》2010,36(1):85-91

棉纤维发育突变体是克隆棉纤维发育关键基因和阐明其发育分子机理的优异资源。陆地棉李氏超短纤维突变体(Li₁li₁)是显性单基因突变体,表现为显性纯合体(Li₁Li₁)致死,显性杂合时(Li₁li₁)表型为茎秆扭曲、叶片卷曲和纤维短至6 mm,而隐性纯合体(li₁li₁)则表现为株型和纤维发育都正常。本文对开花后10 d的李氏纤维发育正常材料(li₁li₁)和超短纤维突变体(Li₁li₁)胚珠纤维混合体进行mRNA差异显示反转录PCR(DDRT-PCR)分析,获得2条在李氏纤维发育正常材料中上调表达的差异片段。测序及DNA序列的生物信息学分析表明该差异片段分别与编码谷氨酸脱羧酶和质子焦磷酸酶的基因有较高同源性。通过电子拼接,5¢RACE和全长cDNA序列验证,克隆了棉花的谷氨酸脱羧酶(GhGAD)和质子焦磷酸酶(GhVP1)基因全长cDNA, 进一步对其功能和染色体定位进行了初步分析。转录水平分析表明,这两个基因在棉花根、茎、叶和纤维中组成性表达,在棉纤维中优势表达。利用本实验室陆地棉遗传标准系TM-1和海岛棉海7124培育的含140个单株的BC₁作图群体,将GhGAD和 GhVP1分别定位在第12条染色体和第8条染色体。  相似文献   

毛竹PhcircRNA1的鉴定和调控通路分析     

陈玉静  丁一倩  周明兵 《核农学报》2023,37(4):680-689

环状RNA(circRNAs)是一类经过反向剪切后,3′末端和5′末端共价结合形成的闭合环状单链非编码RNA,在环境胁迫下对植物生长发育有着重要调控作用。为探索circRNA在毛竹响应胁迫过程中的调控作用,本研究构建了circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控通路。在分析毛竹的全转录组测序数据后,选择并鉴定了1个在紫外线胁迫（UV）和高温胁迫（42℃）下均差异表达的circRNA(PhcircRNA1),并利用生物信息学分析其调控的miRNA和靶基因。通过核糖核酸酶R(RNase R)法鉴定其转录的稳定性,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法分析了PhcircRNA1、靶miRNA(Ph-miR156)和靶mRNA的表达特征。本研究进一步选择GLR3.1(Glutamate Receptor–Like Gene 3.1)靶基因作为研究对象,观察毛竹水培苗根尖生长至1 cm后的circRNA-miRNA-mRNA表达调控趋势。结果表明,在UV胁迫和高温胁迫下,PhcircRNA1和靶mRNA表达量都有明显下降趋势,而miRNA表达量增高。在毛竹根尖细胞中,PhcircRNA1和G...  相似文献   

巨胚水稻W025糙米浸水后γ-氨基丁酸含量变化的研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

刘玲珑  江玲  刘世家  周时荣  张文伟  王春明  陈亮明  翟虎渠  万建民 《作物学报》2005,31(10):1265-1270

富含γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的降血压功能水稻正受到越来越多的关注。W025是通过化学诱变和杂交选育而成的水稻新品系,具有巨胚特征,遗传分析表明巨胚基因受单隐性基因控制。进一步研究W025和其原始品种金南风浸水后γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）含量及其合成关键酶——谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的动态,并用半定量RT-PCR检测了2个谷氨酸脱羧酶转录本在浸水过程的表达变化。结果表明,（1）GABA主要集中在胚部,浸水后W025的GABA积累量显著高于金南风。（2）随着浸水时间延长,谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）的活性呈逐渐增加趋势,W025胚部的酶活性显著高于金南风。GAD活性的变化与GABA的积累显著正相关,表明浸水后种胚GABA的积累与谷氨酸脱羧酶的催化反应有关。（3）2个谷氨酸脱羧酶基因OsGAD1与OsGAD2在W025和金南风之间没有转录水平的差异。提示可能存在其它的谷氨酸脱羧酶基因对浸水后GABA的积累起关键作用。  相似文献