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Johansson AM Gardner SY Atkins CE LaFevers DH Breuhaus BA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(2):302-307
BACKGROUND: Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is common in horses. Although pulmonary artery (PA) pressure increases during RAO, cardiac function in horses with RAO has received limited attention. HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to noninvasively determine the cardiovascular effects of acute pulmonary obstruction (APO) in horses with RAO and their reversibility. ANIMALS: Five geldings with RAO, inducible by exposure to moldy hay, were studied. METHODS: Pulmonary mechanics, echocardiography, serum troponin I concentrations, arterial blood gases, and hematocrit were obtained before and after 7 days of APO. Heart rate, PA diameter and flow characteristics, right and left ventricular luminal dimensions and wall thicknesses, global cardiac performance, and evidence of myocardial damage were evaluated. Pulmonary mechanics and echocardiography were reevaluated during remission. RRESULTS: Severe, transient APO did not induce chronic cor pulmonale in horses, because cardiac anatomy and function were normal between episodes. An acute episode of APO produced anatomical and functional cardiac changes in both the right and left heart (including increased PA diameter, abnormal septal motion, and decreased left ventricular diameter and estimated stroke volume), possibly because of the development of pulmonary hypertension, without apparent myocardial damage. The decrease in stroke volume was offset by the increase in heart rate. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: With APO of 7 days' duration, cardiovascular abnormalities and the functional airway changes that produce them are reversible when the offending allergens are removed. 相似文献
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Secretoglobin and Transferrin Expression in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Horses with Chronic Respiratory Disease 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Miskovic Feutz L.L. Couetil C.P. Riley X. Zhang J. Adamec R.E. Raskin 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(6):1692-1699
Background
Lower expression of secretoglobin and transferrin has been found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of a small number of horses with experimentally induced signs of recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) compared to healthy controls.Hypothesis/Objectives
Secretoglobin and transferrin BALF expression will be similarly decreased in horses with naturally occurring clinical signs of RAO and in horses with experimentally induced clinical signs of RAO as compared to healthy controls and intermediate in horses with inflammatory airway disease (IAD).Animals
Recurrent airway obstruction‐affected and control horses were subjected to an experimental hay exposure trial to induce signs of RAO. Client‐owned horses with a presumptive diagnosis of RAO and controls from the same stable environments were recruited.Methods
Pulmonary function and BALF were evaluated from control and RAO‐affected research horses during an experimental hay exposure trial (n = 5 in each group) and from client‐owned horses (RAO‐affected horses, n = 17; IAD‐affected horses, n = 19; healthy controls, n = 5). The concentrations of secretoglobin and transferrin in BALF were assessed using Western blots.Results
Naturally occurring and experimentally induced RAO horses had similar decreases in BALF transferrin expression, but secretoglobin expression was most decreased in naturally occurring RAO. Secretoglobin and transferrin expression were both lower in BALF of RAO‐affected horses than in IAD‐affected and control horses.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Secretoglobin and transferrin expression is decreased in BALF of RAO‐affected horses after both experimental and natural exposure. Secretoglobin and transferrin likely play clinically relevant roles in the pathophysiology of RAO, and may thus be used as biomarkers of the disease. 相似文献3.
王旭东 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,6(2):116-121
本研究通过CIEP试验在血清中查到特异性循环抗体、免疫荧光和免疫过氧化物酶(IF和IP)染色检出肺组织存在多量IgG和S.T.孢子残留物以及ANAE染色结果表明:在S.T.的致病过程中存在Ⅲ和Ⅳ型变态反应。试验结果还暗示:无机尘有可能做为免疫佐剂而促进有机尘致病机理中的Ⅲ型变态反应。 相似文献
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用从甘肃省马气喘病自然病例肺中分得的5株放线菌和5株霉菌,对34只家兔和23只豚鼠进行了实检性农民肺研究。通过吸入与气管内注入上述菌粉,在这些动物中首次成功地复制出农民肺模型。染菌动物的症状与病变同在气喘病马所看到的很相似。尸检时见肺膨大、气肿,还有密散的结节。镜检动物的肺组织,观察到单核巨噬细胞性肺泡炎、间质性肺炎、支气管周炎与上皮样-巨细胞肉芽肿形成,但豚鼠比家兔的淋巴网状组织增生更明显。结果表明,所分得的霉菌和放线菌包括热吸水链霉菌参与了甘肃马农民肺的病理发生。 相似文献
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V. Gerber D. Baleri J. Klukowska-Rötzler J.E. Swinburne G. Dolf 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(3):626-630
Background: Mode of inheritance of equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is unknown.
Hypothesis: Major genes are responsible for RAO.
Animals: Direct offspring of 2 RAO-affected Warmblood stallions (n = 197; n = 163) and a representative sample of Swiss Warmbloods (n = 401).
Methods: One environmental and 4 genetic models (general, mixed inheritance, major gene, and polygene) were tested for Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (1–4, unaffected to severely affected) by segregation analyses of the 2 half-sib sire families, both combined and separately, using prevalences estimated in a representative sample.
Results: In all data sets the mixed inheritance model was most likely to explain the pattern of inheritance. In all 3 datasets the mixed inheritance model did not differ significantly from the general model ( P = .62, P = 1.00, and P = .27) but was always better than the major gene model ( P < .01) and the polygene model ( P < .01). The frequency of the deleterious allele differed considerably between the 2 sire families ( P = .23 and P = .06). In both sire families the displacement was large ( t = 17.52 and t = 12.24) and the heritability extremely large ( h2 = 1).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Segregation analyses clearly reveal the presence of a major gene playing a role in RAO. In 1 family, the mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant, whereas in the other family it was autosomal recessive. Although the expression of RAO is influenced by exposure to hay, these findings suggest a strong, complex genetic background for RAO. 相似文献
Hypothesis: Major genes are responsible for RAO.
Animals: Direct offspring of 2 RAO-affected Warmblood stallions (n = 197; n = 163) and a representative sample of Swiss Warmbloods (n = 401).
Methods: One environmental and 4 genetic models (general, mixed inheritance, major gene, and polygene) were tested for Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (1–4, unaffected to severely affected) by segregation analyses of the 2 half-sib sire families, both combined and separately, using prevalences estimated in a representative sample.
Results: In all data sets the mixed inheritance model was most likely to explain the pattern of inheritance. In all 3 datasets the mixed inheritance model did not differ significantly from the general model ( P = .62, P = 1.00, and P = .27) but was always better than the major gene model ( P < .01) and the polygene model ( P < .01). The frequency of the deleterious allele differed considerably between the 2 sire families ( P = .23 and P = .06). In both sire families the displacement was large ( t = 17.52 and t = 12.24) and the heritability extremely large ( h
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Segregation analyses clearly reveal the presence of a major gene playing a role in RAO. In 1 family, the mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant, whereas in the other family it was autosomal recessive. Although the expression of RAO is influenced by exposure to hay, these findings suggest a strong, complex genetic background for RAO. 相似文献
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Gerber V Lindberg A Berney C Robinson NE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(1):92-97
Mucus accumulation and neutrophilic inflammation in the airways are hallmarks of heaves. Endoscopically visible mucus accumulations, however, have not been studied during exposure to dusty hay and allergens (ie, environmental challenge). We hypothesized that (1) heaves-affected horses have increased mucus accumulation compared with controls, (2) mucus accumulations increase in heaves-affected horses during environmental challenge, and (3) environmental challenge also induces neutrophilic inflammation and mucus accumulation in control horses. Mucus accumulation was graded endoscopically (mucus grades [MGs] 1-5), and airway inflammation was evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology before (0 hours) and during (6, 24, 48 hours) environmental challenge. Large amounts of mucus (MG 4-5) were specific for heaves-affected horses in this study. Variation among controls was considerable, however, and intermediate grades (MG 2-3) were nonspecific, showing complete overlap between the 2 groups. Median mucus accumulations (25th, 75th percentiles) increased in heaves-affected horses from MG 2.5 (1.5, 3.5) at baseline to MG 3.5 (2.0, 4.0), 4.0 (3.0, 4.0), and 4.0 (4.0, 4.0) at 6, 24, and 48 hours, respectively. MG values did not increase in controls--overall MG 1.0 (1.0, 2.0)--even though controls also showed a moderate increase of BALF neutrophils. Mucus accumulations before and especially after exposure to dust and allergens are increased in heaves-affected horses compared with controls. Healthy controls show considerable variability in mucus accumulation but, despite an influx of neutrophils into the airways, no increase of mucus accumulation after exposure to hay dust. 相似文献