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1.
Retrospective management and owner-reported injury data, and measurement of forelimb hoof conformation, were collected via a cross-sectional survey from a convenience sample of 96 registered show jumping (n = 67) and dressage (n = 29) horses. Most of the horses were medium- to upper-level performers, aged 9 (interquartile range [IQR] 7–12) years, and in the current rider's ownership for 28 (IQR 12–60) months. The horses were trained 45 (IQR 35–60) minutes, 6 days per week, on a sand or sand mix arena. Failure to train for ≥7 days was reported in 26 of 96 horses, generally associated with lameness diagnosed by a veterinarian (16/29), with a median time-off of 26 (IQR 14–93) days. During the preceding 12 months, 33% of the riders had been working with the farrier on hoof-related issues, 30% of which had involved ≤2 issues. This remedial work often involved a veterinarian (14/30) or allied health practitioner (6/30). Most horses were hot shod (67/89) with conventional fullered shoes. Uneven feet were identified in 16 of 89 horses but were not positively associated with inability to train, possibly reflecting the minor variation between feet. Uneven feet were associated with variation in heel length and angle measurements and a greater sole length and reduced sole width, rather than smaller and boxy. Multiple correspondence plots identified an association of uneven feet with the dressage horses rather than show jumping horses. 相似文献
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Maria Clia Ramos Bellenzani PhD Associate Professor Júlia Maria D'andrea Greve PhD Professor-Physiatrics Csar Augusto Martins Pereira 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2007,27(11):475-480
Horseshoeing is a common practice, but effects on the hoof wall are poorly understood. Strain gauges were used to document and compare hoof behavior in vitro during flat weight bearing and after artificial heel elevation. Ten front limbs of Thoroughbred race horses, shod with conventional flat shoes, were used. Eight strain gauges were symmetrically distributed around the toe, quarters, and heels. Each limb was mounted to a testing machine (Kratos K5002; Kratos Dynamômetros, Ltda., Cotia-SP-Brazil) and subjected to a load equivalent to 30% of the donor's body weight. Strains (μ) were acquired by means of a computerized system and the results compared using Friedman and Wilcoxon statistical tests. There was greater strain variation when the heels were elevated. Compression predominated during flat weight bearing, with a tendency to horizontal traction after heel elevation. The changes in strain caused by heel elevation were not always symmetrical. Elevation of the heels tensed the toe and the medial quarter horizontally, increased load at the posterior portion of the hoof capsule, and hindered its expansion. 相似文献
3.
In a cross-sectional study, performed between October 2002 and April 2003 on 55 Danish dairy herds with 6161 predominantly Holstein Friesian cows the prevalence of 9 hoof lesions was determined.
All test-day yields (TDY) of kg energy corrected milk (ECM) in the lactation of diagnosis were recorded. For the purpose of including hoof lesions in a decision support model an attempt was made to aggregate the lesions into digital dermatitis (DD), other interdigital diseases (OID, infectious diseases other than DD) and hoof horn diseases (HHD, related to metabolic disorders and trauma). A division was made based on the stage of lactation in which the lesions were diagnosed; during the first 100 days in milk, between days 101 and 200 and between days 201 and 305. Associations between the presence of hoof lesions at trimming and milk production were analyzed by linear mixed modeling at the cow level, clustered within herd. The data of primiparous cows was analyzed separately from the multiparous cows.
Based on the associations between TDY and the individual lesions aggregated into HHD, this aggregation as initially planned could not be justified and was therefore not maintained. For OID the value of early diagnosis was apparent; an early diagnosis and early treatment (<101 DIM) was associated with either a positive value or a value less negative compared to a diagnosis and treatment in late lactation (201–305 DIM). This pattern was not as clearly present for the other lesions. 相似文献
4.
Excessive growth and consequent deformity of hooves is a frequent disorder in some purebred pig populations. A test to detect possible genetic determinism related with this phenomenon was performed using the Bayes Factor (BF). Data were available for females from three purebred selection lines: Landrace (561 records), Pietrain (183) and Large White (225). Animals were scored in four categories, according to the overall growth rate of their hooves. A Bayesian analysis was performed separately for each line using a threshold model with a probit approach, and Bayes Factors between models with and without additive genetic effects were computed. Results from the three lines showed that models exhibiting genetic variability were much more probable than those that did not include a genetic component, with BF values of 312, 35 and 40 (and posterior probabilities of 0.99, 0.97 and 0.98), respectively, for the Landrace, Pietrain and Large White lines. Monte Carlo estimates of posterior means of heritabilities were medium to high (0.25, 0.41 and 0.38, respectively), and the highest posterior density region for heritability at 99% did not include zero in any of the three lines. These results allow us to conclude that genetic determinism has an important influence upon the rate of hoof growth in the pig. A potential genetic response can be achieved in the populations analysed, but further studies are needed to determine the genetic architecture of hoof growth disorders in pigs. 相似文献
5.
Caitlin LewisJenifer Nadeau MS PhD Thomas HoaglandMichael Darre MS PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014
Four Morgan mares and five Morgan geldings ranging in age from 5- to 12-years-old were fitted with Global Positioning System units to determine if season has an influence on travel pattern. Body and hoof growth measurements were obtained so that the influence of season on body condition and hoof growth could be determined. Waist and heart circumference, cresty neck score, and body condition score were determined in each season. The ambient temperature and precipitation was recorded for each season. Waist circumference was the greatest (P < .05) in the spring and summer and the least in the fall and winter. Hoof growth was the greatest (P < .05) in the fall and the least in the winter. The front and rear hooves grew at similar rates in all horses. Hoof growth in geldings and mares were also similar. The average distances traveled were similar across seasons; however, the horse did numerically travel more in the spring and summer compared with the fall and winter. The range of the travel pattern was influenced by season with the horses traveling significantly less in the winter, although the average travel distances were similar. In conclusion, season in temperate zones will influence body condition, hoof growth, and pattern of travel, but the total distance traveled will be similar. Further research needs to be conducted to determine the influence of season on hoof growth and travel patterns. 相似文献
6.
Venography is a very valuable tool that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of laminitis. It can be used to assess vascular damage in the hoof before changes in radiographic detail occur. When used at onset, the venogram proves to be most valuable. They can not only give baseline measurements but can also show the level of damage that has already occurred. Initial venograms allow farriers and veterinarians to evaluate what degree of corrective treatment is necessary for the best outcome. In addition, a series of venograms can show the process of pathology as well as recovery. From here, treatment can be altered to accommodate the case. 相似文献
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8.
Lina J?nsson Lars Roepstorff Agneta Egenvall Anna N?sholm G?ran Dalin Jan Philipsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):34
Background
Soundness of an individual horse is important for animal welfare and owner economy. However, knowledge of health status in normal horse populations is limited due to lack of systematic health recordings. The aim of the investigation was to study the prevalence of veterinary clinical findings in 4-5-year-old Swedish warmblood riding horses, and their influence on overall health scores, where associations to future longevity has been indicated.Results
The prevalence of clinical findings in 8,281 horses examined during 1983–2005 was studied according to a standardised protocol and related to overall health scores in linear statistical models. Effects of sex, age, examination event and changes over time were included. In total, 49% of the horses had clinical findings of medical health (MED), 42% in hooves (HOOF) and 74% of palpatory orthopaedic health (PALP). However, only 6%, 3% and 24% had moderate or severe findings, of MED, HOOF and PALP, respectively. Flexion test reactions were reported in 21% of the horses (5% moderate/severe), heavily influencing the overall score (H2). One fifth of these horses also had findings of unprovoked lameness while 83% had PALP findings (44% with moderate/severe findings). Acute clinical signs, i.e. heat or soreness, had a large influence on the H2 score but were rare, whereas more common clinical findings had smaller effects on overall health. Large variations in recorded health results were observed among events. A decrease in findings has occurred since 1983, in particular for PALP findings.Conclusions
Results of occurrence and relevance of evaluated clinical findings could be used for advice on preventive actions to keep horses sound, and possibly for benchmarking, and genetic evaluation of health traits. The distinct effect of event on recorded clinical findings emphasises that further harmonisation of veterinary examinations are desirable. 相似文献9.
Randhawa SS Dua K Randhawa CS Randhawa SS Munshi SK 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(8):599-608
The effect of biotin supplementation on various foot lesions and hoof ceramide composition of toe (wall) and sole portions
of hooves was studied in crossbred dairy cattle. Biotin supplementation was done for five months in 14 cattle at a farm and
the other 14 animals kept as control. A significant decline was observed in heel erosions and sole avulsions along with total
disappearance of white line fissures and double soles in the biotin supplemented cattle resulting in decrease in the overall
disease score. Thin layer chromatographs of the hoof lipids revealed 11 types of ceramides in sole lipids and 6 types of ceramides
in toe (wall) lipids. The ceramides were typed and identified according to their Rf values. A qualitative increase in the
density of thin layer chromatographs of sole lipids was observed in biotin supplemented cattle whereas a non-significant difference
in density of thin layer chromatographs of toe lipids was observed after supplementation of biotin. 相似文献
10.