萝卜离体再生的影响因素   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

武剑  龚义勤  邓波  魏跃  任同辉 《中国蔬菜》2003,1(6):6-8

对影响萝卜离体再生的因素进行了研究,结果表明,不同基困型材料均以带柄子叶的再生频率最高;不同基因型材料所需的最适激素浓度和配比不同,在一定范围内提高6-BA浓度可促进不定芽的分化;苯基脲类细胞分裂素TDZ与嘌呤型细胞分裂素6-BA和KT相比,对促进萝卜不定芽分化的效果更好;AgNO_3可显著提高不定芽再生频率;NAA诱导生根的效果优于IAA。  相似文献   

Forum: A Framework for Resetting Wild Horse and Burro Management     

Barry L. Perryman  Gary McCuin  Brad W. Schultz 《Herpetological Monographs》2018,40(5):160-165

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2020年新疆地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体检测与分析     

王紫阳  屈勇刚  孙琼飞  党瑞莹  周海琴  张小玉  张家瑞  常军帅  李岩 《中国猪业》2021,16(3):58-61

为了解2020年新疆地区猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒（PRRSV）抗体水平及其消长规律,本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法对1 218份血清中PRRSV免疫抗体水平进行检测和分析。结果显示,PRRSV抗体平均阳性率为78.49%（956/1218）,高于国家规定标准（70%）。S/P的平均值为1.22±0.84,变异系数为69.45%。不同类别猪群抗体平均阳性率在59.19%~91.50%之间,有一定的差异。在调查的10个规模化养殖场中,9个场PRRSV免疫抗体阳性率达到国家标准。不同类别猪群PRRSV变异系数较高,需进一步对现有的免疫程序进行调整和完善,确保各猪群健康。  相似文献   

2019—2020年新疆部分地区猪PCV2的抗体水平检测及分析          下载免费PDF全文

王紫阳  谢静  欧亚妮  邱国斌  屈勇刚  党瑞莹  高嘉豪 《中国猪业》2021,16(6):67-70

为了解2019—2020年新疆地区猪圆环病毒病2型（PCV2）抗体水平及其消长规律,本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法对475份血清中PCV2免疫抗体水平进行检测和分析。结果显示,PCV2抗体平均阳性率为69.68%（331/475）,未达到国家规定标准（70%）。S/P的平均值为1.56。不同类别猪群抗体平均阳性率在42.50%~86.67%之间,有一定的差异。在调查的5个规模化养殖场中,仅有2个场PCV2免疫抗体阳性率达到国家标准。各场应根据抗体检测结果,进一步对现有的免疫程序进行调整和完整,确保各猪群健康。  相似文献   

Proportionality principle revisited – relationship between application rates and pesticide residue concentrations in food commodities     

Dominik Gloe  Hans Mielke  Christine Müller-Graf  Christian Sieke 《Pest management science》2023,79(7):2372-2379

BACKGROUND

The proportionality principle has been broadly used for over 10 years in regulatory assessments of pesticide residues. It allows extrapolation of supervised field trial data conducted at lower or higher application rates compared to the use pattern under evaluation by adjustment of measured concentrations, assuming direct proportionality between the rates applied and the resulting residues. This work revisits the principle idea by using supervised residue trials sets conducted under identical conditions but with deviating application rates. Four different statistical methods were used to investigate the relationship between application rates and residue concentrations and to draw conclusions on the statistical significance of the direct proportionality assumed.

RESULTS

Based on over 5000 individual trial results, the assumption of direct proportionality was not confirmed to be statistically significant (P > 0.05) using three models: direct comparison of application rates and residue concentrations ratios and two linear log-log regression models correlating application rate and residue concentration or only residue concentrations per se. In addition, a fourth model analysed deviations between expected concentrations following direct proportional adjustment and measured residue values from corresponding field trials. In 56% of all cases, the deviation was larger than ±25%, which represents the tolerance usually accepted for the selection of supervised field trials in regulatory assessments.

CONCLUSION

Overall, the assumption of direct proportionality between application rates and resulting residue concentrations of pesticides was not statistically significant. Although the proportionality approach is highly pragmatic in regulatory practice, its use should be considered carefully on a case-by-case basis. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

不同氮磷水平对南四湖区稻谷产量及肥料吸收利用的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵庆雷  李彦  马加清  杨连群  杜本怀  孙公臣 《土壤通报》2011,(5)

为了确定南四湖区农田合理的氮磷肥投入量,减轻氮磷流失风险,对不同氮磷水平下稻田的稻谷产量及肥料吸收利用情况进行研究。结果表明,不施氮磷肥使耕层土壤氮磷含量明显下降,稻谷产量显著降低;减施30%氮磷肥显著提高了氮磷肥利用率,降低了稻谷产量。过量施用氮磷肥处理对稻谷产量无显著效果,且显著提高了耕层土壤硝态氮含量,明显降低了氮磷肥利用率,促进了水稻对氮素的积累,对水稻磷素积累无显著效果。稻谷氮磷累积量明显高于稻草,稻谷和稻草含氮量均随氮磷肥施用量的增加而增大。氮磷肥利用率随氮磷肥施用量的增加而降低。减施15%氮磷肥对土壤氮磷含量和稻谷产量均影响不大,显著提高了氮磷肥利用效率,降低了经济成本,减轻了氮磷素流失风险,是南四湖区稻田较好的氮磷肥施用模式。  相似文献   

HJ-1卫星延寿期的CCD影像质量评价与可用性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苏晓慧  张晓东  苏伟  孙中平  游代安 《农业工程学报》2012,28(12):164-170

HJ-1卫星发射升空投入运行以来,已在灾害与环境的快速监测与预报领域发挥了重要作用。HJ-1卫星目前已经成功运行3a多,属于超期服役状态。为了评价延寿期影像质量,该文从影像的几何校正精度、灰度特征和纹理特征3个方面对延寿期HJ-1A-CCD影像进行分析,并与正常寿命运行期的HJ-1ACCD影像、同时期的Landsat7 ETM+影像进行比较,分析结果表明:延寿期HJ-1A-CCD影像质量虽然有一定程度的下降,但其与正常寿命期影像质量接近,仍能较好地描述丰富的地物类型及地物细节信息,可以像正常寿命期影像一样,有效地用于环境监测、灾害监测、国土资源管理、城市规划、农业应用等方面。  相似文献   

Effects of Irrigation Patterns and Nitrogen Fertilization on Rice Yield and Microbial Community Structure in Paddy Soil   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

LI Ya-Juan  CHEN Xing  I. H. SHAMSI  FANG Ping  LIN Xian-Yong 《土壤圈》2012,22(5):661-672

Water and nitrogen (N) are considered the most important factors affecting rice production and play vital roles in regulating soil microbial biomass, activity, and community. The effects of irrigation patterns and N fertilizer levels on the soil microbial community structure and yield of paddy rice were investigated in a pot experiment. The experiment was designed with four N levels of 0 (N0), 126 (N1), 157.5 (N2), and 210 kg N ha-1 (N3) under two irrigation patterns of continuous water-logging irrigation (WLI) and water-controlled irrigation (WCI). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was conducted to track the dynamics of soil microbial communities at tillering, grain-filling, and maturity stages. The results showed that the maximums of grain yield, above-ground biomass, and total N uptake were all obtained in the N2 treatment under WCI. Similar variations in total PLFAs, as well as bacterial and fungal PLFAs, were found, with an increase from the tillering to the grain-filling stage and a decrease at the maturity stage except for actinomycetic PLFAs, which decreased continuously from the tillering to the maturity stage. A shift in composition of the microbial community at different stages of the plant growth was indicated by principal component analysis (PCA), in which the samples at the vegetative stage (tillering stage) were separated from those at the reproductive stage (grain-filling and maturity stages). Soil microbial biomass, measured as total PLFAs, was significantly higher under WCI than that under WLI mainly at the grain-filling stage, whereas the fungal PLFAs detected under WCI were significantly higher than those under WLI at the tillering, grain-filling, and maturity stages. The application of N fertilizer also significantly increased soil microbial biomass and the main microbial groups both under WLI and WCI conditions. The proper combination of irrigation management and N fertilizer level in this study was the N2 (157.5 kg N ha-1) treatment under the water-controlled irrigation pattern.  相似文献   

不同增氧水平对夏玉米生长及氮素利用的影响     

杜君  臧明  雷宏军  王志勇  和爱玲 《核农学报》2019,33(3):600-606

为探究有利于夏玉米生长和氮素利用的适宜灌溉水溶解氧浓度,本试验以夏玉米为供试作物,采用地下滴灌供水方式,以地下水灌溉为对照,设置10(OA10)、20(OA20)和40(OA40) mg·L^-1灌溉水溶解氧浓度3个增氧水平,研究不同增氧水平对盆栽夏玉米生长、产量和氮素利用的影响。结果表明,增氧地下滴灌显著提高了土壤溶解氧浓度,与对照相比,OA40、OA20和OA10处理土壤溶解氧浓度平均提高14.83%、9.71%和8.00%,表现为作物生长增强,作物产量和氮素利用效率均显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照相比,OA10处理的株高、叶鲜质量和叶干质量分别增加7.39%、16.30%和12.02%;OA40处理叶干质量和茎鲜质量分别增加15.82%和12.43%;OA10、OA20和OA40根系鲜质量分别增加60.00%、17.66%和52.98%,根系体积分别增加34.03%、14.56%和51.32%;OA10和OA20处理根系活力分别增加272.77%和64.44%;OA10和OA40处理产量分别增加24.46%和21.83%,水分利用效率分别提高19.10%和21.61%,百粒重分别增加17.53%和15.14%。OA10和OA40处理籽粒氮素吸收量较对照分别增加63.90%和35.27%,OA10处理籽粒氮素分配比例和氮素吸收效率分别增加21.57%和33.33%。上述差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。综上,增氧地下滴灌可显著提高作物根区溶解氧浓度,促进作物生长,提高产量及氮素吸收利用,以OA10处理效果最为显著。本研究结果为增氧灌溉技术在实际生产中的合理利用提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

小麦与玉米杂交产生小麦单倍体与双单倍体的稳定性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈新民  王凤菊  李思敏  张文祥 《作物学报》2013,39(12):2247-2252

小麦与玉米杂交是诱导小麦单倍体最有效的途径之一, 但单倍体和双单倍体产生频率不稳定影响了该技术的应用。选用13个小麦杂种F₁代单交组合与玉米杂交, 研究了不同小麦生长环境、生长素处理、培养基和壮苗处理对单倍体及双单倍体产生频率的影响。小麦生长在大田, 去雄后割穗培养与玉米杂交平均得胚率为23.9%, 每个杂交穗平均得胚数6.8个, 均是返青后从大田移回冷温室盆栽的3倍以上;不同小麦杂交组合间胚产生频率存在明显差异。生长素Dicamba蘸穗处理平均得胚率是21.5%, 与2,4-D处理得胚率(21.1%)无显著差异, 但不同杂交组合间差异显著。B5培养基幼胚萌发率为70.9%~88.3%, 平均82.0%;1/2 MS培养基胚萌发率为70.0%~86.0%, 平均76.6%;两种培养基平均胚萌发率无显著差异。试管苗经壮苗培养基壮苗处理与试管苗经移栽壮苗处理后加倍效率分别是67.6%和8.6%。移栽壮苗处理的苗分蘖少, 生长较弱, 加倍处理后存活率低和加倍率低是其单倍体加倍效率低的原因。  相似文献