Serologic and molecular survey of horses to Coxiella burnetii in East of Iran a highly endemic area     

《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2021

There are few reports about Q fever in horse populations worldwide. This study aimed to detect the C. burnetii infection by serologic and molecular confirmation using commercial ELISA kit and real-time PCR in the East of Iran a region highly endemic. A total of 177 blood samples and 115 vaginal swabs were randomly collected from horses in East of Iran. The sera samples were analyzed for anti C.burnetii Ig G antibodies by a commercial ELISA kit and nucleic acid extraxted from vaginal samples were used to determine the C. burnetii DNA by real-time PCR assay. Antibodies were detected in 5.64 % (10/177) of sera samples and C. burnetii DNA was detected in 7.82 % (9/115) of horse vaginal samples. There was no significant difference in seroprevalence in different sex, age and breed groups. Our study showed that horses could be considered as a mild potential reservoir of C. burnetii which may be effective on horse health status. However, additional studies are needed to assess whether the horse could be considered as a relevant transmission risk indicator for Q fever.  相似文献   

Characterization of citrus germplasm including unknown variants by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers     

A.R. Shahsavar  K. Izadpanah  E. Tafazoli  B.E. Sayed Tabatabaei 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to study phylogenetic relationships among 33 citrus genotypes including several undefined local or native varieties as well as some known varieties in the Fars Province of Iran.  相似文献   

Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran     

E. Rakhshani  A. A. Talebi  N. G. Kavallieratos  A. Rezwani  S. Manzari  Željko Tomanović 《Journal of pest science》2005,78(4):193-198

The parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, were investigated throughout two far distant provinces, Tehran and Sistan-Baluchestan. Colonies of the cowpea aphid were collected from different host plants and reared under laboratory conditions until the parasitoids emerged. The aphids were parasitized by an expected range of parasitoids. The species were Aphidius colemani Viereck, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall), Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay and Eady, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson), Binodoxys acalephae (Marshall), Binodoxys angelicae (Haliday), Praon volucre (Haliday) and Ephedrus persicae Froggatt. L. testaceipes is reported here for the first time in Iran. The most common species was L. fabarum followed by B. acalephae and L. confusus. A key is provided for identification and host plant associations are considered.  相似文献   

Quantitative Mapping and Assessment of Environmentally Sensitive Areas to Desertification in Central Iran     

Reza Jafari  Leila Bakhshandehmehr 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(2):108-119

Desertification is one of the main environmental and also social and economic problems facing Iran. Seventeen out of 31 Iranian provinces, which are home to approximately 70% of the total population, are affected by desertification. This study aimed to use geographic information system (GIS) and fuzzy logic for mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification based on Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use approach in Isfahan province, central Iran. Six desertification indicators including climate, soil, vegetation, soil erosion, groundwater, and management and policy quality were used to determine various types of environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. Seventeen desertification indices affecting the quality of each indicator were spatially mapped and assigned a value between 0 and 1 using a fuzzy logic option of ArcSDM3 software in GIS environment. Results showed that a 21·7% of the study area was classified as critical, 70% as fragile and 5·5% as potential, and 2·9% of the area was not affected by desertification. In the town of Borkhar, 64·2% of the area was classified as critical, followed by the towns of Isfahan and Nayin with 40·2% and 31·8%, respectively. Results at provincial scale indicated that the climate indicator and humidity index with a weighting mean of 0·71 and 0·77 were the most affective factors in the desertification of the study area. The developed model in this study can be used for mapping desertification status in other 16 provinces that contain desert areas. These assessments provide a GIS‐based desertification database that Iran as a member of the United Nation Convention to Combat Desertification can use to report the condition of desertification at national scale. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Chicken anemia virus infection in broiler chickens vaccinated and not vaccinated for avian influenza in Iran     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2012,21(2):413-417

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Spatial variability of soil microbial indices in common alder COMMON ALDER(Alnus glutinosa) stands using a geostatistical approach in northern Iran     

Neda Ghorbanzadeh  Ali Salehi  Hassan Pourbabaei  Ali Ashraf Soltani Tolarod  Seyed Jalil Alavi 《林业研究》2019,(2):679-688

Microbial indices and their spatial patterns are strongly affected by environmental factors. Spatial variability of soil properties is one of the most important causes of variability in soil microbial indices. This research was conducted in the Caspian forest to assess spatial variabilities and frequency distributions of microbial properties.Ninety soil samples were taken using a grid sampling design 40 9 40 m. Microbial indices, organic carbon,nitrogen and pH were determined. Soil variable distributions showed that microbial indices had abnormal distributions. Logarithmic transformation produced normal distribution. Spatial continuity using geostatistical(variogram) was studied and maps obtained by point kriging.The variograms revealed the presence of spatial autocorrelation. The results indicate that spatial dependence of soil microbial indices was affected by non-intrinsic factors and forest management procedures. The maps show that soil microbial indices and soil properties have spatial variability. The spatial pattern of microbial indices was correlated to organic carbon and nitrogen.  相似文献   

Brenneria spp. and Rahnella victoriana associated with acute oak decline symptoms on oak and hornbeam in Iran     

Yousef Moradi‐Amirabad  Heshmat Rahimian  Valiollah Babaeizad  Sandra Denman 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(4)

Decline diseases of forest trees are complex syndromes not attributable to single causal factors. In Iran, symptoms of decline disease have been observed in a number of native forest species including Quercus castaneifolia (chestnut‐leaved oak), Q. brantii (Persian oak) and Carpinus betulus (hornbeam). The symptoms are prevalent in the northern forests and the Zagros mountain forests. There are parallels between the disease in Iran and acute oak decline (AOD) reported in the UK, specifically the presence of weeping cankers, which have been attributed to a polybacterial complex wherein Brenneria goodwinii is considered a key necrogen. Based on the AOD symptomatology, and as a first step towards discovering potential causal agents of the stem weeping symptoms of affected trees in Iran, necrotic tissues were tested primarily for the presence of B. goodwinii. Symptomatic Q. castaneifolia and C. betulus from the Mazandaran Province and symptomatic Q. brantii from Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province were sampled. Isolation and culture on a selective medium yielded uniform bacterial colonies. Isolates were characterized using phenotypic and genotypic (DNA sequencing) tests. The isolates were phenotypically identical to members of Pectobacteriaceae and Yersiniaceae, specifically Brenneria and Rahnella spp. The nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes gyrB, infB and atpD (MLSA) amplified via PCR demonstrated that the isolates from the trees in Iran were indeed B. goodwinii, B. roseae subsp. roseae, Rahnella victoriana and an unknown species of Brenneria. Most bacteria isolated from non‐symptomatic trees were Gram‐positive, and Pseudomonas spp. were dominant, but bacterial species isolated from the diseased trees were not detected in healthy trees. Hypersensitivity response tests were positive, but inoculation on saplings was more variable with internal necrosis developing only once in the test period. Therefore, further testing is required. This is the first report of the incidence of B. goodwinii, B. roseae subsp. roseae, R. victoriana and Brenneria sp. associated with acute oak decline‐like symptoms on Q. castaneifolia, Q. brantii and C. betulus across the western forests of Iran and in the world.  相似文献   

Ability of sorption–desorption experiments to predict potassium leaching from calcareous soils     

Mohsen Jalali  Zahra Kolahchi 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2008,171(5):785-794

When potassium (K⁺) fertilizers are applied to the soil, K⁺ is subject to displacement through the soil profile. Leaching can play an important role in agricultural K⁺ losses that can decrease groundwater quality. To avoid overfertilization, estimation of K⁺ leaching from soil is important. The ability of the soils to retain K⁺ against leaching varies according to the adsorption coefficient of the soils. The aim of this study was to relate the K⁺ leaching from a wide range of calcareous soils to the values obtained from a sorption–desorption experiment. The soil columns were leached with 10 mM CaCl₂ solution and the leachate was analyzed for K⁺. The breakthrough curves for K⁺ were different, and the amounts of K⁺ leached varied considerably between different soils. In these calcareous soils where crops are irrigated with water containing significant concentrations of Ca²⁺ and other cations, large amounts of K⁺ will be leached. Cumulative K⁺ leached after five pore volumes leaching with 10 mM CaCl₂ was significantly (r = 0.776, p < 0.01) related to the equilibrium K⁺ concentration. The results of this study enabled us in many cases to estimate the K⁺ leaching from soil without conducting column experiments, minimizing the laborotary work.  相似文献   

Cropping system effects on carbohydrate content and water-stable aggregates in a calcareous soil of Central Iran     

Massoumeh Yousefi  M. Hajabbasi  H. Shariatmadari 《Soil & Tillage Research》2008,101(1-2):57-61

The effect of humus, readily decomposable organic matter, and carbohydrates of a nonspecific nature on the formation of water-stable aggregates in field rotation members of a calcareous soil in central Iran, Isfahan (fine loamy mixed thermic typic haplargid) has been studied. The study was carried out at Lavark experimental farm in plots receiving 0 (T1), 25 (T2), 50 (T3) and 100 (T4) Mg/ha of manure for 5 years successively with a cropping rotation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–corn (Zea mays L.) every year and plots under similar chemical fertilizer management but with three different cropping rotations (T5, T6 and T7) that has been the prevalent cropping systems. Three replications of soil sample in each treatment and at the depths of 0–5 and 5–15 cm were used to measure organic carbon (OC), hot-water-soluble carbohydrate, dilute acid hydrolysable carbohydrate, cold-water-soluble carbohydrate and mean weight diameter of water stable aggregates. The highest amount of carbohydrate (700 mg/kg) and aggregate stability (0.8 mm) were obtained in plots with 100 Mg/ha manure (T4). The amount of carbohydrate extracted from soil samples decreased in the order of hot water, dilute acid and cold water extracts.Aggregate stability had a better correlation with hot water (r = 0.74**) and dilute acid-soluble carbohydrate (r = 0.73**) than organic carbon (r = 0.62**) content of soil. This indicates that the carbohydrate extracted by hot water and dilute acid may be a suitable indicator for showing soil quality, particularly in relation to soil aggregation.  相似文献   

Land cover changes in a forested watershed,southern Zagros,Iran     

A. Salehi  E. Wilhelmsson  U. Sderberg 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2008,19(5):542-553

This study aims to investigate the land cover changes in relation to traditional utilization and livestock grazing, socioeconomic development, and demographic changes during recent decades in a forested watershed in the southern Zagros, Iran. Data on land cover change were collected through stereo interpretation with digital photogrammetric techniques applied to sets of scanned aerial photographs from 1969 and 1993 with a systematic grid of sample plots provided by GIS techniques. Efforts were made to mitigate errors in the interpretation. Field data were gathered in 2003 from woodland inventory, biophysical, and demographic data and in 2006 from interviews. The results show stability in crown cover density (%) and in the number of large trees, and an increase in the woodland class. The results may be related to a change in woodland utilization. Socioeconomic development, decrease in human and livestock population, and a change in the type of livestock have influenced the traditional pattern. Steep slopes partially limit human accessibility to woodland resources. Around 54% of the oak trees are in coppice form and natural regeneration of the trees is rare. Overgrazing and seed gathering have a negative effect on regeneration and endanger the future survival of the woodland. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献