草莓果实成熟期花青苷、酚类物质和类黄酮含量的变化   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

冯晨静  关军锋  杨建民  张元慧  赵树堂  王玉涛 《果树学报》2003,20(3):199-201

以春星和全明星为试材,研究了不同成熟度草莓果实酚类物质、类黄酮及花青苷的动态变化。结果表明,随着果实的成熟,酚类物质和类黄酮在绿熟期有较高的含量,之后随着果实的成熟先下降,至紫红期又开始大量积累;花青苷含量随着果实的成熟逐渐增加,紫红期达最大值;低温贮藏的草莓果实酚类物质、类黄酮含量首先下降,之后随着贮藏天数的增加而不断上升;花青苷含量逐渐增加,但增加的趋势比较缓慢。  相似文献   

Advances in Collection,Transport and Maturation of Equine Oocytes for Assisted Reproductive Techniques     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2016,32(3):379-399

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Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection,Embryo Culture,and Transfer of In Vitro–Produced Blastocysts     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2016,32(3):401-413

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Gastrointestinal and body growth in colostrum-deprived piglets in response to whey, casein or soy protein diets     

C.R. Bjornvad  T. Thymann  A.Z. Budek  D.H. Nielsen  C. Mlgaard  K.F. Michaelsen  P.T. Sangild 《Livestock Science》2007,109(1-3):30-33

Cow's milk stimulates growth in neonates and supplementation with specific milk proteins may benefit immuno-compromized neonates exhibiting poor growth. We investigated the effects of specific milk proteins (casein and whey) and plant protein (hydrolysed soy) on body and organ growth and bone mineralization in colostrum-deprived newborn pigs. Six days after birth, both casein and whey increased body and small intestinal weight relative to soy protein. Villus morphology and epithelial permeability were similar among groups. Casein significantly increased bone mineralization, while whey stimulated soft tissue growth (internal organs, muscle and fat). The differential effects of casein and whey proteins in the early postnatal period show that specific milk proteins rapidly affect whole body and gut development, even in a state of impaired growth induced by artificial feeding of colostrum-deprived pigs.  相似文献   

Accumulation of Zinc and Molar Ratio of Phytic Acid and Zinc during Maize Grain Maturation     

M. Horvati&#;  M. Ga&#;&#;  M. Filajdi&#; 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,180(4):233-239

Dynamics of the accumulation of total ash and zinc, and their relationships with total dry matter, crude proteins and phytic acid during maize grain maturation were investigated. The investigation was carried out on normal maize hybrids grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions over two consecutive vegetation years.
The amount of total ash, expressed on fresh and dry matter bases, changed significantly (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) during grain maturation depending on maturity stage and variety. The dynamics of the accumulation of ash in fresh grain matter during maturation as well as the ash amount in dry matter of mature grains were significantly affected by environmental conditions.
The accumulation of zinc in fresh matter of developing grain was significantly affected (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01) by the degree of grain maturity and by variety, and correlates significantly (P = 0.001) and positively with the deposition of total dry matter, crude proteins as well as with phytic acid in both vegetation years.
The molar ratio of phytic acid and zinc increased significantly during grain maturation indicating a possible decrease of zinc availability.  相似文献   

Effects of photoperiod on sex steroids and gonad maturation in Arctic charr     

Marianne Frantzen  Arne M. Arnesen  Brge Damsgrd  Helge Tveiten  Helge K. Johnsen 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2004,240(1-4):561-574

Four groups of Arctic charr (age 3+), previously exposed to natural photoperiod, were subjected to different photoperiod regimes from February 20: Simulated natural photoperiod (SNP; Tromsø 70°N), continuous light (LD 24:0) followed by short day (LD 6:18) from either May 1 (L_Feb–May) or June 25 (L_Feb–June), or continuous light (LD 24:0) throughout the experiment (L_Continuous). In females, peak levels of estradiol-17β and testosterone were 6 and 10, 6 and 7, and 3 and 5 weeks advanced, in L_Feb–May, L_Feb–June and L_Continuous, respectively, whereas in males plasma levels of 11-ketotestosterone peaked 8 weeks earlier in L_Feb–May and L_Feb–June than in SNP and L_Continuous. Median ovulation time in L_Feb–May and L_Feb–June was advanced by 10 weeks compared to SNP and L_Continuous, and median spermiation time (first observation of running milt in each individual) in L_Feb–May, L_Feb–June and L_Continuous was advanced by 10, 7 and 5 weeks, compared to SNP. A switch from long to short day early in the reproductive cycle (L_Feb–May and L_Feb–June) apparently resulted in stronger synchronization of both ovulation and spermiation. Ovulation in L_Feb–May and L_Feb–June occurred over 3 weeks (L_Feb–May) and 8 weeks (L_Feb–June), as compared to 10 weeks in the SNP group, whereas all males (except one individual) began spermiating over a period of 3 weeks (L_Feb–June), or less (L_Feb–May), as compared to 7 weeks in the SNP group. Lack of a short day stimulus (L_Continuous), on the other hand, resulted in larger variation in the timing of final maturation, with ovulation and spermiation being spread over 15 weeks. Low egg survival in L_Feb–May (17% versus 60% and 97% for L_Continuous and SNP) indicate that a long day signal of 10 weeks early in the reproductive cycle may be too short to ensure good egg and sperm quality. Photoperiod manipulation did not affect the proportion of maturing fish.  相似文献   

Sexual dimorphism of fast muscle fibre recruitment in farmed Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.)     

Ørjan Hagen  Christel Solberg 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(4):1222-1229

Commercially farmed Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) were reared at the Aga Marin's facility located on Dønna (Norway) under ambient environmental conditions in duplicate 15 × 15 × 8 m netpens (May 2004 to May 2005). Twenty fish were sampled five times over a twelve month production period during which time the average body weight increased from 1.26 to 2.08 kg (n = 100 fish). Body mass, fork length (L_F), and the number and size distributions of fast muscle fibres were determined in male and female fish. All males matured during the autumn whereas no maturation was observed in females. From the point of maturation females had superior growth performance to males and body mass and the total cross-sectional area of muscle were 1.4-fold (P < 0.05) and 1.3-fold higher (P < 0.01) respectively by May 2005. The total number of fast muscle fibres per trunk cross-section at 0.55 L_F was 24.5% higher in females (7.58 × 10⁵) than males (5.80 × 10⁵) prior to sexual maturation. In females, muscle fibre recruitment slowed with short days and low water temperatures (< 6.5 °C), but had increased to 1.01 × 10⁶ by May 2005 (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no growth and no increase in muscle fibre number in males following the onset of maturation. The distribution of muscle fibre diameters prior to maturation in males was also significantly different between male and female fish matched for L_F. The results illustrate a sexual dimorphism of muscle fibre recruitment patterns in Atlantic halibut and highlight the adverse affects of sexual maturation in males on muscle growth.  相似文献   

Production of meiotic gynogenetic and triploid sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.: 1. Performances, maturation and carcass quality     

Stefano Peruzzi  Batrice Chatain  Eric Saillant  Pierrick Haffray  Bruno Menu  Jean-Claude Falguire 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2004,230(1-4):41-64

Meiotic gynogenetic and triploid sea bass were produced by pressure shocks according to a previously published protocol. Pressure-treated groups did not survive as well as controls during early development and larval rearing. Performances, sexual maturation and carcass quality were examined over a period of 34–45 months. At the age of 34 months, growth of the gynogenetic fish was comparable to that of the control but inferior in the triploid fish. A predominance of male fish was found within the triploid groups, while diploid and meiotic gynogenetic fish showed equal proportions of the sexes. Gonadal maturation in triploid fish was significantly impaired, particularly in the females that showed rudimentary ovaries. Triploid males exhibited primary maturation but proved to be gametically sterile. Pressure-induced triploids did not grow as well as diploids, but these results might be ascribed to specific on-growing conditions (communal rearing). The performance of gynogenetic sea bass was comparable to that of control. The superiority of diploid fish over their triploid counterparts was confirmed during the final growing period and more clearly so in females. Performances of triploids varied according to their maternal origin. Overall, striking qualitative differences between diploid and triploid fish were found at the age of 34 and 45 months, although the results varied in a gender-specific manner. A strong maternal effect was also observed. The potential advantages of triploid sea bass for aquaculture purposes are discussed.  相似文献   

日粮中维生素E、硒水平对熟化过程中牛肉氧化稳定性的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

于福清  文杰  陈继兰  赵桂萍  郑麦青 《畜牧兽医学报》2003,34(1):17-23

研究了日粮维生素E、硒水平对熟化过程中牛肉氧化稳定性的影响。选择16头体重420～560kg的健康晋南牛阉牛,按体重分为4组,每组4头,试验期为2个月。试验采用2×2因子完全随机设计:维生素E的补饲水平为每头每天0和1000IU,硒的添加水平为0 10和0 40mg/kg。结果表明:与未补饲VE组相比,补饲1000IUVE可显著提高血浆和臀中肌α 生育酚含量(P<0 004),日粮中添加0 10和0 40mg/kg硒对组织α 生育酚含量影响差异不显著(P>0 05);日粮中添加0 40mg/kg硒组全血和臀中肌硒含量显著高于0 10mg/kg组(P<0 002);补饲1000IUVE和/日粮中添加0 40mg/kg硒可显著提高全血GPx(谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶)和熟化过程中臀中肌GPx酶活力(P<0 01),但对组织SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)酶活力影响差异不显著(P>0 05);补饲1000IUVE可显著抑制熟化过程中牛肉的脂质氧化(P<0 001),对牛肉的保水性能和颜色稳定性影响差异不显著(P>0 05);虽然提高日粮硒水平可明显增强熟化过程中牛肉GPx酶活力,但GPx酶活力的提高没有降低牛肉的TBARS值、滴水损失和METMB(高铁肌红蛋白)含量,该结果提示不同日粮硒水平对牛肉氧化稳定性没有显著影响。  相似文献   

Influence of clay content and acidity of soil on development of the earthworm <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lumbricus rubellus</Emphasis> and its population level consequences     

Chris Klok  Jack Faber  Guido Heijmans  Jos Bodt  Annemariet van der Hout 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,43(5):549-556

In this paper we report on the influence of clay content and acidity of soil on growth and reproduction of the epigeic earthworm species Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffm.), which is common in most temperate soils and abundant in grasslands. Growth, cocoon production and survival of L. rubellus were tested in 12 Dutch soils which differed in soil properties. A matrix model was used to assess the population-level consequences of changes in growth and reproduction. Soil acidity had a strong negative effect on earthworm survival, and the maturation weight decreased with clay content. Individual weight gain in L. rubellus decreased with both acidity and clay content. The acidity of soils had a larger influence on population growth rate than the clay content. The acidity of the soil also changed the population composition towards younger age classes, whereas in soils rich in clay, the population composition did not change. The average individual weight of L. rubellus in clayey soils, however, was lower compared with that in soils low in clay, a result that agrees with literature data.  相似文献