Effects of natural pyrethrum and synthetic pyrethroids on the tiger mosquito,Aedes albopictus (skuse) and non-target flower-visiting insects in urban green areas of Padua,Italy     

Daria Corcos  Luca Mazzon  Pierfilippo Cerretti  Maurizio Mei  Edoardo Giussani  Andrea Drago 《国际虫害防治杂志》2020,66(3):215-221

Abstract

The tiger mosquito is a key vector of several human diseases and is considered a public health concern worldwide. The implementation of strategies aimed at maximizing mosquito control without affecting non-target insect groups is of major importance. In a field trial, we tested the efficiency of a natural pyrethrum-based vs. a synthetic pyrethroid-based insecticide in reducing tiger mosquito population and how they affect the diversity of non-target flower-visiting insects in green urban areas. Only the pyrethroid insecticide was effective in reducing mosquito abundance, although its effects disappeared nine days after application. The two adulticides did not significantly affect the diversity of flower-visiting insects, probably because of their large body size and the difference in flying and foraging activity. To effectively control mosquito populations while preventing intoxication of non-target flower-visiting insects, adulticide applications should be applied early in the morning and only on bushes and trees. Results from our small-scale applications cannot be extrapolate when larger areas are treated.  相似文献   

Non-target toxicology of a new mosquito larvicide, trypsin modulating oostatic factor     

Deborah M. Thompson  Frank W. Edens  Gerald A. LeBlanc  R. Michael Roe 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,80(3):131-142

Trypsin modulating oostatic factor (TMOF), a peptide hormone originally isolated from the ovaries of adult Aedes aegypti, is currently under commercial development as a new pesticide chemistry with a novel mode of action for the control of larval mosquitoes. The objective of the current research is to evaluate potential risks of the use of TMOF as an insecticide on non-target organisms. TMOF (YDPAP₆) was degraded in vitro (as determined by HPLC and LC/MS) to DPAP₆, PAP₆, and then AP₆ by leucine aminopeptidase, a pancreatic enzyme found in the digestive system of vertebrates. The rate of degradation of TMOF and PAP₆ was significantly greater than that of DPAP₆, while no metabolism of AP₆ was found. TMOF technical insecticide was produced on a commercial scale by recombinant yeast (heat-killed before application). The technical TMOF when administered in a single dose by gavage to male and female mice at 2000 mg dry weight/kg body weight produced no negative effects as compared to controls up to 12 days after treatment. When male and female mallard ducks were treated by gavage with 1250 mg dry weight of technical TMOF/kg body weight each day for 5 days, again no toxic effects were noted through 35 days after the last treatment. TMOF technical insecticide was also applied to the shaved skin of male and female rabbits at the rate of 2000 mg/kg for 1-2 days, with no effect. The end point observations in these in vivo experiments were mortality; changes in growth rate, behavior, body structure, and color; and possible lesions observed during necropsy. Finally, Daphnia incubated with technical TMOF in rearing water at the level of 1.0 × 10⁶ yeast cells/ml (10 mg/ml) also demonstrated no negative effects on mortality, growth, molting, time to first brood, and production of viable neonates. It appears from these studies that TMOF can be degraded by vertebrate digestive proteases and technical TMOF is not toxic to the non-target organisms examined.  相似文献   

甘菊挥发油化学组成及其对烟草甲与赤拟谷盗的杀虫活性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李媛  刘巧林  陈哓宇  李玲艳  张雨蔚  梁俊玉 《植物保护》2019,45(5):202-206

本试验研究了甘菊挥发油的化学组成及其对烟草甲和赤拟谷盗两种常见仓储害虫成虫的熏蒸、触杀和驱避作用。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,GC/MS法分析挥发油的成分及其相对含量。结果表明,从甘菊挥发油中鉴定出了31种化合物,主要组分为樟脑(29.99%)、桉叶油醇(16.87%)、β-水芹烯(4.63%)、顺马鞭草烯醇(4.41%)和顺-β-松油醇(4.04%);生物活性测试结果显示,甘菊挥发油对烟草甲和赤拟谷盗具有一定的触杀活性(LD_(50)分别为24.09μg/头和49.95μg/头)和熏蒸活性(LC_(50)分别为28.67 mg/L和14.40 mg/L)。同时,甘菊挥发油对赤拟谷盗表现出显著的驱避活性,对烟草甲驱避效果不明显。本试验首次研究了我国菊科菊属植物甘菊的挥发油的化学组成和杀虫活性,结果提示该挥发油对烟草甲和赤拟谷盗具有一定杀虫、驱避活性和防治潜力。  相似文献   

Development of pull and push–pull systems for management of lesser mealworm,Alphitobius diaperinus,in poultry houses using alarm and aggregation pheromones     

Marla J Hassemer  Miguel Borges  David M Withall  John A Pickett  Raul A Laumann  Michael A Birkett  Maria C Blassioli‐Moraes 《Pest management science》2019,75(4):1107-1114

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Citronella oil‐loaded electrospun micro/nanofibrous matrices as sustained repellency systems for the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus     

Konstantina Iliou  Stefanos Kikionis  Panos V Petrakis  Efstathia Ioannou  Vassilios Roussis 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2142-2147

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胡椒和肉桂挥发性组成分析及对普通大蓟马的驱避作用     

郇志博  于世幸 《植物保护》2024,50(3):195-202

豇豆农药残留问题非常严峻, 对豇豆上普通大蓟马的化学防治是造成豇豆农残超标的主要原因, 开展普通大蓟马的绿色防治迫在眉睫。利用植物挥发物驱避害虫是一种重要的害虫绿色防控手段。本研究利用GC-MS分析了胡椒和肉桂的挥发性化合物组成, 并利用“Y”形嗅觉仪测定了胡椒和肉桂及5种主要挥发物对普通大蓟马的驱避作用。结果表明, 在胡椒中鉴定出27种挥发性成分, 主要成分为β-石竹烯, 含量占43.1%; 在肉桂中鉴定出21种挥发性成分, 主要成分为肉桂醛(28.4%)、α-可巴烯(15.4%)、α-依兰油烯(14.1%)、γ-杜松烯(14.9%)。行为反应测定结果表明胡椒和肉桂对普通大蓟马分别具有极显著和显著的驱避作用; β-石竹烯、肉桂醛、α-可巴烯浓度为10%和1%时对普通大蓟马具有极显著的驱避作用, 10%的α-依兰油烯和10%的γ-杜松烯对普通大蓟马分别具有极显著和显著的驱避作用。本研究对豇豆普通大蓟马绿色防控技术研发和驱避剂的开发具有一定指导意义。  相似文献   

石菖蒲提取物对玉米象的驱避和触杀作用   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

姚英娟  杨长举  薛东 《华中农业大学学报》2006,25(6):614-617

测定了石菖蒲4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫的驱避和触杀作用。结果表明:石菖蒲的4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫均有很好的驱避效果,60 h驱避等级均达到Ⅲ和Ⅳ级。4种溶剂的提取物均对玉米象成虫有明显的触杀作用,毒力回归方程及LC50分别为:无水乙醇提取物:y=4.37 2.13x,1.97 mg/cm2;丙酮提取物:y=4.53 1.42x,2.14 mg/cm2;乙酸乙脂提取物:y=4.52 2.10x,1.69 mg/cm2;石油醚提取物:y=4.23 2.32x,2.15 mg/cm2。  相似文献   

Oviposition‐deterrent effect of linalool – a compound of citrus essential oils – on female Mediterranean fruit flies,Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)     

Stella A Papanastasiou  Charalampos S Ioannou  Nikos T Papadopoulos 《Pest management science》2020,76(9):3066-3077

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Application of Line Thinnings in Practice     

R. W.S. Scott 《Southern Forests》2013,75(1):67-72

The discussion covers the need to change our present system of harvesting pine timber thinnings in order to increase productivity. It points out that this productivity increase can only be achieved through technical innovation and by the introduction of machinery suited to do the job. The machinery and work methods call for a type of neutral thinning in conjunction with a selective thinning or followed by a selective thinning. The advantages of this type of thinning, as practised in this country, are illustrated.  相似文献   

Pyrene and nile red fluorescence probes for in‐situ study of polarity and viscosity of soil organic coatings implicated in soil water repellency     

Helen M. Balshaw  Peter Douglas  Matthew L. Davies  Stefan H. Doerr 《European Journal of Soil Science》2020,71(5):868-879

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