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1.
Summary Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity has been determined in apple landraces and cultivars, based upon restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) for several mitochondrial genes. Our analysis includes three cultivars, Golden Delicious, McIntosh and Delicious, which represent the various patterns of mtDNA polymorphisms previously described (Ishikawa et al., 1992). A total of five RFLPs were detected, allowing classification of the apple genotypes into four cytoplasmic groups: GroupI, Golden Delicious-type; GroupII, McIntosh-type; GroupIII, Delicious-type; and Group IV, Dolgo Crab-type. European landraces and cultivars were assigned to Groups I, II, and III, while chinese crab apples were placed in either Group III or IV. 相似文献
2.
Molecular mapping and characterization of traits controlling fiber quality in cotton 总被引：34，自引：1，他引：34
Cotton (Gossypium spp) is the world's leading natural fiber crop. Genetic manipulation continues to play a key role in the improvement of fiber
quality properties. By use of DNA-based molecular markers and a polymorphic mapping population derived from an inter specific
cross between TM-1 (G. hirsutum) and 3-79 (G. barbadense), thirteen quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling fiber quality properties were identified in 3-79, an extra long staple
(ELS) cotton. Four QTLs influenced bundle fiber strength, three influenced fiber length, and six influenced fiber fineness.
These QTLs were located on different chromosomes or linkage groups and collectively explained 30% to 60%of the total phenotypic
variance for each fiber quality property in the F2 population. The effects and modes of action for the individual QTLs were characterized with 3-79 alleles in TM-1 genetic
background. The results indicated more recessive than dominant, with much less additive effect in the gene mode. Transgressive
segregation was observed for fiber fineness that could be beneficial to improvement of this trait. Molecular markers linked
to fiber quality QTLs would be most effective in marker-assisted selection (MAS) of these recessive alleles in cotton breeding
programs.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Use of Molecular Markers in Breeding for Oligogenic Disease Resistance 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
A. E. Melchinger 《Plant Breeding》1990,104(1):1-19
4.
猪的21—羟化酶基因位点限制性片段长度多态性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用纯种大约克和纯种二花脸猪血样提取基因组ＤＮＡ，分别用１１种限制必内切酶消化，以非放射性狄高辛试剂盒标记４．８ｋｂ２１－羟化酶（ＣＹＰ２１）基因方为探针，经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交对猪的ＣＹＰ２１基因位点的限制性片长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰＳ）进行了研究。结果在ＢａｎＩ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＫｐｎⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ和ＴａｑⅠ５种限制性内切酶位点检测出了ＰＦＬＰＳ，且ＢａｎⅠ和ＫｐｎⅠ酶切位点的多态性为首次发现；而在其他 相似文献
5.
Mario A. Pagnotta Alfredo Impiglia Oronzo A. Tanzarella Miloudi M. Nachit Enrico Porceddu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2005,51(8):863-869
The durum wheat landrace Haurani (Triticum durum Desf.) is grown under contrasting climatic regions of Syria from Deir Ezzor, in the North-East (230 m altitude, 150 mm mean annual rainfall), to Qunaytra, in the South-West (1060 m altitude, 825 mm mean annual rainfall). In order to assess the genetic variation between and within Haurani populations, samples from eight provinces of Syria (Daraa, Damascus, Qunaytra, Deir Ezzor, Hassakeh, Aleppo, Homs and Hama) were analysed by RFLPs and seed storage proteins of glutenin subunits as markers. The analyses showed the presence of genetic polymorphisms in all populations with the highest values in those from Homs and Hassakeh. Moreover, the results point out differences in genetic distances between populations; some populations were further apart, such as Damascus and Aleppo, whereas others were closer to each other, for instance Homs and Hama. Cluster analysis identified two distinct groups of populations, characterized by geographical proximity, with similar rainfall and altitude. It is suggested that the similarity of landraces at locations close to each other might be the result of more frequent seed exchanges between farmers or of gene flow due to 5% estimated outcross rate of Haurani. 相似文献
6.
限制性内切酶片段长度多态性在几个绵羊品种中的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用羊的促卵泡激素（ＦＳＨ）ｃＤＮＡ，胸腺（Ｔｈｙｍｕｓ）基因组ＤＮＡ及卵泡抑止素（Ｆｏｌｌｉｓｔａｔｉｎ）ｃＤＮＡ等３种探针与泰国长尾羊，喀麦隆羊（Ｃａｍｅｒｏｏｎ）及它们Ｆ１代杂种的基因组ＤＮＡ进行分子杂交，结果在ＥｃｏＲＩ，ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＴａｑⅠ酶切的ＤＮＡ片段与ＦＳＨｃＤＮＡ杂交的图谱上，可观察到ＲＦＬＰ的存在，并可根据某些特殊区带的存在与否区别两个不同种的羊。用ＥｃｏＲＩ酶切的ＤＮＡ片段与胸腺基因组ＤＮＡ探针杂交，也发现了ＲＦＬＰ，而其它３种酶的酶切片段与此探针杂交，个体间的图谱是一致的。利用本实验所采用的４种限制性内切酶，在所测定品种及杂交种的卵泡抑止素位点没有发现变异。 相似文献
7.
Comparative genome mapping of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench using an RFLP map constructed in a population of recombinant inbred lines 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage map of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench was constructed in a population of 137 F6-8 recombinant inbred lines using sorghum, maize, oat, barley and rice DNA clones. The map consists of 10 linkage groups (LGs) and 323 markers, 247 of which (76.5%) were ordered at a LOD score ≥ 3.0. The LGs comprise from 61 (LG A) to 13 markers (J), which range in length from 205 (A) to 55 cM (J) and have a combined total length of 1347 cM. Highly significant distorted segregation was detected at all of the 38 loci in a 103-cM segment of LG A, the allelic ratios in the segment ranging from approximately 3:1 (one end) to 19:1 (middle) to 2:1 (other end). Duplicated loci located in different LGs have been mapped with 55 of the 295 DNA probes used in the study (18.6%). The distribution of these loci does not provide support for the hypothesis that Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is of tetraploid origin. Comparison of the map with RFLP maps of maize, rice, and oat produced evidence for sorghum-maize LG rearrangements and homoeologies not reported previously, including evidence that: (1) a segment of maize 5L and a segment of 5S may be homoeologous to sorghum LGA; (2) maize LGs 4 and 6 are partly homoeologous to sorghum LGE; (3) the short arm of maize LG 2 is partly homoeologous to sorghum LGF; (4) maize LG 4 may be partly homoeologous to sorghum LG G; (5) maize LG 5 and sorghum LG G contain a larger amount of homoeologous genetic material than previously indicated; and (6) a short segment of maize LG 1 may be homoeologous to a short segment of sorghum LG I. 相似文献
8.
Yoshiya Shimamoto Hirofumi Fukushi Jun Abe Akira Kanazawa Junyi Gai Zhong Gao Donghe Xu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1998,45(5):433-439
RFLPs of chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA have been used to characterize the cytoplasmic genome of wild soybean, Glycine soja, growing in China. We have found from the RFLPs of that the cytoplasmic genomes of most Chinese wild soybeans have a combination of cpIII with mt-a or a combination of cpII with mt-b accompanied by mtIV or mtV according to our classification. CpII was not observed in combination with mt-a and cpIII was not observed in combination with mt-b. The regional distribution of these two types showed clines with opposite directions. The Yangtze River Valley had the greatest diversity in each of cp and two mt profiles detected in this study and the cytoplasmic genome combining these three profiles showed the highest degree of polymorphism in this region. The Yangtze River Valley may be a center of cytoplasmic diversity of wild soybean and may contain various genetic resources of soybean. 相似文献
9.
K. Harding 《Potato Research》1992,35(2):199-204
Summary The characterisation of potato germplasm is important for the exploitation of this crop, and DNA techniques are playing an
increasingly important role as valuable tools in the evaluation of agronomic characters. The rapid, non-radioactive detection
of the ribosomal RNA gene fragments which identify restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in two cultivars ofSolanum tuberosum L. is described. 相似文献
10.
A physical deletion map of the Lr19 translocated chromosome segment was extended by mapping three additional Thinopyrum RFLP
loci. The relative locations of the marker loci on the translocated segment were determined as: centromere, Sd1, Xpsr165,
Xpsr105, Xpsr129, XcsIH81-1, Xwg380, Xmwg2062, Lr19, Wsp-D1, Sr25/Y. Various recombinants, putative recombinats and mutants
of the Lr19 segment were also characterised with respect to the additional markers.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献