SA8000对进口国产生的经济效应分析     

王兰菊  曹琳 《甘肃农业》2006,(2):172

SA8000对于发展中国家，特别是劳动密集型行业的出口是一种挑战，但它对于实施之的发达国家也会产生一些负面的经济效应。实施该标准是以降低本国整体福利水平，扭曲资源配置为代价的。  相似文献   

Soil aggregate formation and stability induced by starch and cellulose     

《Soil biology & biochemistry》2015

Soil aggregate (SA) can be formed and stabilized when soil organic matter (SOM) is decomposed in the soil. However, the relationships between the SA dynamics and SOM with different decomposition rates have not been clarified. Therefore, this study examined the effects of the addition of polysaccharides to soil on SA formation and stability. A Japanese tropical soil was incubated for 99 d at 30 °C in a dark environment following the addition of 0.5% (w/w) starch or cellulose. The decomposition rates of the amendments, and SA formation and stability were evaluated by measuring soil respiration rates, and distribution fractions of soil aggregate sizes and mean weight diameter (MWD) of SA, respectively. The cumulative soil respirations with all treatments rapidly increased until Day 12 of the incubation. The initial slope of the cumulative soil respiration in the soil with starch was significantly higher than that in the soil with cellulose. In either soil with starch or cellulose, the fractions of macro-aggregates (>1000 μm in diameter) significantly increased, respectively, compared with control soil. However, the fractions of meso-aggregates (250–1000 μm) and nano-aggregate (<20 μm) in the soil with starch significantly decreased, while those fractions in the soil with cellulose fluctuated until Day 6. The MWDs reached the maximum on Day 6, indicating the SA formation in the soils with starch or cellulose. The increasing rate of the SA formation in the starch-amended soil was greatly higher than that in the cellulose-amended soil. After Day 6, the MWDs in the soils with either polysaccharide decreased with similar trends with no significant differences between treatments, indicating similar stability of the SA in both treatments. This study showed that the different decomposability of the organic amendments might influence the SA formation differently, but not the SA stability.  相似文献   

水杨酸对梨树叶片光氧化胁迫的缓解效应     

刘英  李邦发  夏海峰 《湖北农业科学》2006,45(6):770-772

以甲基紫精(MV)500 μmo1·L-1在1 150μmol·m-2·s-1左右光强下处理梨树叶片,研究了水杨酸(SA)对梨树叶片光氧化胁迫的缓解效应.结果表明,光氧化胁迫导致梨树叶片光合效率下降,丙二醛(MDA)积累,并导致超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低.光氧化胁迫条件下,SA可提高叶片的光合速率,减少膜脂过氧化产物MDA的积累,提高叶片中SOD的活性并降低叶片质膜透性,减轻光氧化胁迫对细胞膜的伤害.表明水杨酸可以缓解光氧化胁迫对梨树叶片的伤害作用,且在所试浓度范围内,以300μmol·L-1的SA作用效果最好.  相似文献   

水杨酸与高温锻炼对高温胁迫下葡萄叶肉细胞质膜ATPase活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘杨  康喜亮  杨丽娟  白志川 《北方园艺》2009,(3)

采用水性两相分配法对经水杨酸(SA)和高温锻炼处理过的葡萄幼苗叶肉细胞中ATPase进行了分离和测定.结果表明:高温下,细胞质膜ATPase活性随着胁迫程度的加深均呈下降趋势,经SA和高温锻炼预处理后再经高温胁迫,发现质膜ATPase的活性低于正常条件下的水平(CK1),但明显高于未经处理直接进行高温胁迫后ATPase活性水平,即高温锻炼和SA预处理的质膜酶活仍保持了较高的活性,并且后一种处理效果更明显.说明质膜上ATPase活性的变化对高温胁迫作出了一定的响应,SA和高温锻炼对提高葡萄幼苗叶片的抗热性与二者可以维持细胞质膜上ATPase活性的稳定有关.  相似文献   

SA+CaCl2对菊花花瓣生理和花期的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范红军  丁义峰  程志卓  李娜  付大军  吕艳娜  刘萍 《北方园艺》2009,(5)

以不同浓度的水杨酸(SA+CaCl2)水溶液对菊花"兼六香菊"品种全株喷雾处理,测定整个花期花瓣中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及相对电导率的变化.结果表明:不同浓度的SA+CaCl2均能提高花瓣中可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量、SOD活力和降低了O2-产生速率、MDA含量和相对电导率,花期有不同程度的延长,其中以SA 15 mg/L+CaC12160 mg/L处理效果较佳.  相似文献   

东农冬麦1号TaPRK基因的生物信息学分析及低温和ABA、SA、MeJA对其表达模式的影响     

宋春华  苍晶  于萍  崔婉琳  张达  王多佳  孟婧  王军虹 《麦类作物学报》2020,40(4):408-415

磷酸核糖激酶(PRK)是卡尔文循环的关键酶,在调节糖代谢过程中起着关键作用。为探索TaPRK在小麦抗逆过程中的功能,以强抗寒冬小麦品种东农冬麦1号(Dn1)和弱抗寒冬小麦品种济麦22(J22)为材料,对TaPRK进行生物信息学分析和表达模式研究。结果表明,TaPRK基因含有一个1 215bp开放阅读框,编码404个氨基酸,表达产物为稳定的亲水蛋白,属于尿苷激酶家族,带有叶绿体转运肽,定位于叶绿体。越冬期间,Dn1分蘖节中TaPRK的相对表达量显著高于J22,Dn1叶片中TaPRK的相对表达量在-10℃和-25℃时高于J22,而在0℃时低于J22;外源ABA、SA和MeJA处理下,Dn1分蘖节中TaPRK的相对表达量均随着温度的降低表现为先升后降的趋势,且均在-10℃时达到表达量的峰值;外源ABA和SA处理下Dn1叶片中TaPRK的相对表达量呈现"降-升-降"的变化规律,在-10℃时显著高于对照;外源MeJA处理下,Dn1叶片中TaPRK的相对表达量在0℃和-25℃高于对照,且在0℃达到峰值。总体来说,TaPRK在小麦抗寒方面发挥正向调节作用。外源ABA、SA和MeJA增加了冬小麦TaPRK的表达量,有助于提高冬小麦的抗寒性。  相似文献   

Density separation of soil organic matter across three land uses in calcareous soils of Iran     

Hanyeh Sepahvand  Reza Mirzaeitalarposhti  Torsten Müller 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(13):1820-1830

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of physical and chemical fractionation in quantifying soil organic matter (SOM) in different stabilized fraction pools. Soil samples from three land use types in Lorestan province, Southwest Iran were examined to account for the amount of organic carbon and nitrogen in different SOM fractions. Size/density separation and chemical oxidation methods were applied to separate the SOM fractions including particulate organic matter (POM), Si + C (silt and clay), DOC (dissolved organic C), rSOM (oxidation-resistant organic carbon and nitrogen) and S + SA (sand and stable aggregates). The values obtained for TOC, TN, and HWC were highest in forest lands followed by the range and agricultural lands. Among the SOM fractions, S + SA showed the highest values (5.75, 5.77 and 20.6 g kg^?1 for agriculture, range and forest lands respectively) followed by POM, Si + C, rSOM, and DOC. The concentrations of C and N in the labile fractions obtained the higher values than in the stabilized fractions. Forest lands had the highest amounts of organic C and N among all fractions whereas agricultural lands showed highest values for inorganic C content of soils in different fractions.  相似文献   

水杨酸对葡萄幼苗叶片膜脂过氧化的影响   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

王利军  黄卫东  李家永 《中国农业科学》2003,36(9):1076-1080

 以一年生京秀葡萄 (Vitisviniferacv .Jingxiu)扦插苗为试材 ,研究了外源水杨酸对葡萄叶片膜脂过氧化的影响。结果表明 ,喷施 1× 10 -4mol·L-1的水杨酸后 ,葡萄幼苗叶片的丙二醛含量下降 ,可溶性蛋白质含量升高 ,抗氧化酶抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶活性和抗氧化剂类胡萝卜素、谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸含量显著升高。水杨酸可能通过提高葡萄叶片对膜脂过氧化的抗性来诱导其对胁迫的抗性。  相似文献   

水杨酸对废电池污染下玉米幼苗抗氧化系统的影响     

纪秀娥  王红星  任帅  史留功  赵盼 《河南农业科学》2011,40(3):35-38

采用不同质量浓度水杨酸(SA)处理玉米幼苗,研究了SA对废电池溶液胁迫下玉米幼苗抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,废电池胁迫下,SOD和POD活性比对照分别降低了47.05%和59.38%,丙二醛(MDA)含量、电导率和脯氨酸含量升高,分别较对照高17.62%、17.62%、32.58%,显示出毒害效应;25~100 mg/L的外源SA处理,能使废电池溶液胁迫下玉米幼苗SOD及POD活性升高,MDA、电导率及脯氨酸含量下降,说明在一定浓度范围内,外施SA可以缓解废电池对玉米幼苗生长所造成的胁迫,且以SA质量浓度为100 mg/L效果最佳。  相似文献   

水杨酸对铅胁迫下潍县萝卜品质的影响     

杜连彩 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(3):1360-1361,1364

[目的]研究铅(Pb)胁迫下水杨酸(SA)对潍县萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)直根品质的影响。[方法]采用温室盆栽法。[结果]100μmol/L SA提高了500 mg/kg Pb胁迫下潍县萝卜直根中可溶性蛋白质含量,降低了维生素C、可溶性糖和Pb含量。[结论]该研究可为高品质、无公害潍县萝卜的生产提供理论依据。  相似文献