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1.
改进SSD的灵武长枣图像轻量化目标检测方法 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
针对加载预训练模型的传统SSD（Single Shot MultiBox Detector）模型不能更改网络结构,设备内存资源有限时便无法使用,该研究提出一种不使用预训练模型也能达到较高检测精度的灵武长枣图像轻量化目标检测方法。首先,建立灵武长枣目标检测数据集。其次,以提出的改进DenseNet网络为主干网络,并将Inception模块替换SSD模型中的前3个额外层,同时结合多级融合结构,得到改进SSD模型。然后,通过对比试验证明改进DenseNet网络和改进SSD模型的有效性。在灵武长枣数据集上的试验结果表明,不加载预训练模型的情况下,改进SSD模型的平均准确率（mAP,mean Average Precision）为96.60%,检测速度为28.05帧/s,参数量为1.99×106,比SSD模型和SSD模型（预训练）的mAP分别高出2.02个百分点和0.05个百分点,网络结构参数量比SSD模型少11.14×106,满足轻量化网络的要求。即使在不加载预训练模型的情况下,改进SSD模型也能够很好地完成灵武长枣图像的目标检测任务,研究结果也可为其他无法加载预训练模型的目标检测任务提供新方法和新思路。 相似文献
2.
Bertrand C. Y. Collard Joseph C. Beredo Bert Lenaerts Rhulyx Mendoza Ronald Santelices Vitaliano Lopena 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(4):337-352
Rice production needs to increase in the future in order to meet increasing demands. The development of new improved and higher yielding varieties more quickly will be needed to meet this demand. However, most rice breeding programmes in the world have not changed in several decades. In this article, we revisit the evidence in favour of using rapid generation advance (RGA) as a routine breeding method. We describe preliminary activities at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to re-establish RGA on a large scale as the main breeding method for irrigated rice breeding. We also describe experiences from the early adoption at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Evaluation of RGA breeding lines at IRRI for yield, flowering time and plant height indicated transgressive segregation for all traits. Some RGA lines were also higher yielding than the check varieties. The cost advantages of using RGA compared to the pedigree method were also empirically determined by performing an economic analysis. This indicated that RGA is several times more cost effective and advantages will be realized after 1 year even if facilities need to be built. Based on our experience, and previous independent research empirically testing the RGA method in rice, we recommend that this method should be implemented for routine rice breeding in order to improve breeding efficiency. 相似文献
3.
为实现苹果果径与果形快速准确自动化分级,提出了基于改进型SSD卷积神经网络的苹果定位与分级算法。深度图像与两通道图像融合提高苹果分级效率,即对从顶部获取的苹果RGB图像进行通道分离,并提取分离通道中影响苹果识别精度最大的两个通道与基于ZED双目立体相机从苹果顶部获取的苹果部分深度图像进行融合,在融合图像中计算苹果的纵径相关信息,实现了基于顶部融合图像的多个苹果果形分级和信息输出;使用深度可分离卷积模块替换原SSD网络主干特征提取网络中部分标准卷积,实现了网络的轻量化。经过训练的算法在验证集下的识别召回率、精确率、mAP和F1值分别为93.68%、94.89%、98.37%和94.25%。通过对比分析了4种输入层识别精确率的差异,实验结果表明输入层的图像通道组合为DGB时对苹果的识别与分级mAP最高。在使用相同输入层的情况下,比较原SSD、Faster R-CNN与YOLO v5算法在不同果实数目下对苹果的实际识别定位与分级效果,并以mAP为评估值,实验结果表明改进型SSD在密集苹果的mAP与原SSD相当,比Faster R-CNN高1.33个百分点,比YOLO v5高14.23个百分点... 相似文献
4.
车辆检测是智能交通系统的基础架构.文章分析了三种经典的车辆检测算法——Faster R-CNN算法、YOLOv3算法、SSD算法的特点,在此基础上指出了它们的优点和缺点,为下一步的车辆检测算法改进做好了理论知识基础. 相似文献
5.
Takashi Nagai 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2021,46(4):366
Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) of 38 pesticides with various modes of action were analyzed as a higher-tier ecological effect assessment based on collected acute toxicity data. Then the 5% hazardous concentrations (HC5) based on each SSD were calculated as the predicted no-effect concentrations for aquatic ecosystems. The differences between HC5 and registration criteria were small (within ten-fold) for 35 of the 38 pesticides. However, there were more than ten-fold differences for a fungicide and two herbicides. These results suggest that the current effect assessment scheme could underestimate the effect of such pesticides. This could be caused by differences in sensitivity of specific properties of the mode of action. 相似文献
6.
稻田土壤8种真菌对4种杀菌剂的敏感性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于ITS-5.8s rDNA区序列,初步鉴定了浙江大学试验基地稻田土壤的8种常见真菌。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了井冈霉素、多菌灵、咪鲜胺和三唑酮4种常用杀菌剂对这8种土壤真菌的抑菌活性,以及多菌灵与咪鲜胺混用对禾柄锈菌、黑曲霉和长枝木霉3种真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明:8种真菌对咪鲜胺最敏感,EC50值在0.091~3.1 mg/L之间;多菌灵的EC50值在0.15~1.8 mg/L之间;三唑酮的EC50值在0.57~8.5 mg/L之间;井冈霉素的敏感性最低,EC50在12~94 mg/L之间。由4种杀菌剂的SSDs曲线分析结果得出,不同真菌对杀菌剂敏感性存在显著差异。当多菌灵与咪鲜胺按其EC50值分别以体积比3∶2、1∶1和7∶3混用时,增效系数分别为1.615、1.039和1.042,表现出一定的协同或相加作用。本研究结果为进一步阐明杀菌剂对稻田生态系统真菌群落的生态效应及杀菌剂的科学合理使用提供了重要依据。 相似文献
7.
Theoretical comparisons for quantitativetrait loci (QTL) mapping properties wereconducted among simulated recombinantinbred (RI) populations developed bysingle-hill (SH), complete bulk, and singleseed descent (SSD) procedures by MonteCarlo simulations based on variouspopulation sizes, heritabilities, and QTLeffects. Our simulations includedestimation of QTL effects, QTL positions,and statistical testing power in the RIpopulations by comparing the estimates withpreset values. The simulation resultsshowed that the single hill (SH) bulk andsingle seed descent RI populations weregenerally not significantly different withrespect to quality of estimated QTL effectsand positions. Furthermore, when each RIpopulation had 150 lines, each couldprovide desirable properties for QTLmapping. The results implied that a SH RIpopulation consisting of 75 or moreF2-derived families with two lines perfamily (corresponding population size of150 or above) was appropriate for QTLmapping and was not significantly differentthan a SSD RI population of 150. Thus, theSH method could be used to develop largenumbers of RI lines for achieving betterresults in QTL mapping. Simulations alsoshowed that there was no significantdifference between means using SH methodswith 10 and 100 fruits per family. However, RI populations developed by thecomplete bulk method where F2identities are lost were not suitable forQTL mapping. 相似文献
8.
不同品种芥菜对镉胁迫的敏感性分布及抗氧化特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
为探讨不同品种芥菜(Brassica juncea L.)对土壤中镉(Cd)胁迫的敏感性分布规律,筛选出耐性强、吸收高的品种,并了解其抗氧化特征和Cd累积特征,为我国Cd污染土壤植物修复提供理论依据。以国内市场上常见的21个芥菜品种为材料,通过盆栽试验,研究不同品种芥菜对Cd胁迫的剂量-效应关系、敏感性分布差异,在此基础上对两种代表性芥菜的抗氧化酶活性及Cd含量进行测定。结果表明:21个芥菜品种对Cd的敏感性分布频次具有明显差异,低浓度Cd(≤1.23 mg·kg~(-1))对17种芥菜生长产生一定的刺激效应,其生物量增长了2.0%～30.5%,而过量的Cd(≥6.90 mg·kg~(-1))则会产生明显的胁迫作用。特选九头鸟大叶芥菜(JTN)对Cd最为敏感,而包心芥菜(BJ)则表现出最高耐性。通过对JTN和BJ体内丙二醛(MDA)和抗氧化酶活性(SOD、POD、CAT)分析,BJ体内的MDA含量明显低于JTN,而抗氧化酶活性高于JTN。耐性品种BJ根部及地上部分的富集系数均大于1,地上部Cd积累量最高可达156.03μg·株-1,且地上部对Cd污染土壤的净化率最大可达11.0%。研究表明,耐性品种BJ具有修复Cd污染土壤的潜力。 相似文献
9.
Summary The reliability of a selection among crosses based on a cross prediction in early generations was investigated in spring rapeseed. The performance of the parents, the F2 generation, and random F3 lines from four crosses were used to predict the probability of finding superior recombinant lines. These predictions were made for two years and compared with the observed performance of F6 lines in the second of these two years and in an additional year. Predicted and observed performances coincided reasonably for the characters plant height, standability, maturity and an index calculated from seed yield, oil content and protein content. For seed yield and flowering time, the predictions were very unreliable. In conclusion, prediction methods may be useful in rapeseed breeding, if quality traits are of major commercial interest. 相似文献
10.
Summary The doubled haploid (DH) system and the single seed descent (SSD) technique are frequently applied in breeding of self-pollinated crops to rapidly obtain homozygous lines from heterozygous hybrids. This study presents a comparison of populations of barley DH and SSD lines in terms of traits of stem structure. The SSD and DH lines derived from F1 and F2 hybrids Roland x Apex were examined in a field experiment. On the basis of a comparison of means, variances and correlations between traits in the F1DH, F2DH and SSD populations the occurrence/absence of linkage between genes responsible for the analysed traits was inferred. Independent inheritance was found for 1000-grain weight and the length of particular internodes, spike length and stem wall thickness. Moreover, no linkage was found for stem wall thickness and spike length, length of internodes I, II and thickness of stem walls, stem diameter and thickness of stem walls. The results obtained for the other pairs of traits indicate the presence of linkage. 相似文献