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在１２只绵羊按０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量硬膜外腔注射静松灵,观测了镇静镇痛作用的效应,并对血液气体和酸碱平衡状态的变化进行了定量分析,结果表明静松灵硬膜外腔注射的镇静镇痛效果明显,显效时间短,持续时间达１２０ｍｉｎ,对体温,脉搏,呼吸与吸气量有显著作用（Ｐ〈０．０５）,对血液中氧分压,氧含量,氧饱和度,二氧化碳分压,剩余碱及碳酸氢盐的影响明显（Ｐ〈０．０５）,而对血液ｐＨ值和血红蛋白含量无显著影响。 相似文献
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Manuel Pequito Hélène Amory Didier Serteyn Valeria Busoni Brieuc de Moffarts Charlotte Sandersen 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
The objective of this study was to compare the sedative and peripheral hemodynamic effects of acepromazine (ACP) and promethazine (PTZ) in the standing healthy horse. Nine healthy Warmblood horses randomly received either intravenous ACP at 0.1 mg/kg or PTZ at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg. A sedation score based on clinical examination was recorded, and systolic arterial blood pressure was noninvasively evaluated using a Doppler flow detector at the tail, just before and every 15 minutes until 60 minutes after drug injection. Hemodynamics of the median artery of the left forelimb was studied using Doppler ultrasonography just before and 45 minutes after injection of the drug, which allowed calculation of surface (SURF), diameter (DIAM), and circumference (CIRC) of the vessel and peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (MV), volumetric flow (VF), and resistivity index (RI) of the blood flow. Regardless of the dose used, PTZ had lesser sedative and hypotensive effects than ACP at 0.1 mg/kg and did not induce significant variations in SURF, DIAM, CIRC, PSV, EDV, MV, VF, and RI of the studied standing horses. Conversely, the vasodilatory properties of ACP were illustrated by a significant increase in SURF, DIAM, CIRC, PSV, EDV, MV, and VF and a significant reduction of the RI. Unlike ACP, PTZ did not induce alterations on the morphology of the Doppler waveform. PTZ appears to have less sedative and peripheral vasodilator effects than ACP, thus it could be safer than ACP in patients suffering from hypotension. 相似文献
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Murrell JC de Groot HN Venker-van Haagen AJ van den Brom WE Hellebrekers LJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(2):196-200
The middle-latency auditory-evoked potential (MLAEP) has been investigated as means of monitoring anesthesia in dogs. The goals of this study were to develop a technique to record MLAEPs in awake dogs and to determine the effects of sedation. The MLAEP was recorded in 12 dogs with and without sedation with acepromazine. Three needle electrodes were inserted SC. Click stimuli were delivered biaurally. Signal acquisition, averaging, and analysis were performed by software developed in-house. Signals were recorded for 128 milliseconds, and the responses to 1,024 stimuli were averaged. The waveforms from 10 recordings were averaged, and the amplitudes and latencies of peaks that could be consistently identified were measured. Data measured were compared by means of a paired 2-sided Student's t-test. Interpretable MLAEPs were recorded in 10 of the 12 dogs. Three peaks were consistently identified (Pa, Nb, and Pb). The latencies of these peaks were significantly (P = .032, .035, and .028, respectively) shorter in awake (mean +/- SD milliseconds) (Pa = 18.85 +/- 1.36, Nb = 30.50 +/- 3.55, and Pb = 47.70 +/- 5.53) than in sedated (Pa = 22.40 +/- 3.88, Nb = 35.75 +/- 6.77, and Pb = 55.30 +/- 10.55) dogs. The Pb amplitude was not significantly different (2.51 +/- 1.30 microV awake and 2.19 +/- 1.10 microV sedated). This study demonstrates that acepromazine sedation causes changes in MLAEP. 相似文献
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Malm S Strandberg E Danell B Audell L Swenson L Hedhammar A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2007,78(3-4):196-209
Our objective was to investigate the effect of sedation method on the screening result for hip and elbow dysplasia. The study was based on a questionnaire survey of routines for hip and elbow screening at Swedish veterinary clinics and results of hip and elbow status, for eight breeds (Bernese Mountain Dog, Boxer, German Shepherd Dog, Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, and Saint Bernard) recorded by the Swedish Kennel Club. In total 5877 and 5406 dogs examined for hip and elbow dysplasia, respectively, from January 2002 through March 2003 were included. We used logistic regression to examine whether the type of chemical restraint used for sedation affected the screening result for hip and elbow dysplasia. In addition to sedation method, the effects of veterinary clinic, sex, breed, and age at screening were studied.
The type of chemical restraint used for sedation affected the screening result for hip but not for elbow dysplasia. Acepromazine gave less than half the odds of hip dysplasia compared with medetomidine and butorphanol (the most common method), medetomidine alone or xylazine. Females had about 25% higher odds for developing hip dysplasia whereas males had almost 40% higher odds for developing elbow dysplasia. Saint Bernard, Newfoundland and German Shepherd Dog had the highest odds of developing hip dysplasia, whereas Rottweiler and Labrador Retriever had the lowest odds. Boxer had the lowest risk for elbow dysplasia, followed by Labrador Retriever. Saint Bernard and Rottweiler had the highest odds of elbow dysplasia. Increasing age increased the odds of both hip and elbow dysplasia, by about 2.5% per month.
Following the results in this study, recording of the type of chemical restraint used for sedation during hip screening has now become mandatory in Sweden. This makes it possible to account for the effect of sedation method in a model for prediction of breeding values for hip dysplasia. 相似文献
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苦荞醇提物的镇静催眠作用研究(摘要)(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究苦荞醇提物的镇静催眠作用,为进一步扩大苦荞临床应用奠定基础。[方法]将颗粒饱满的苦荞带壳种子干燥后适度研碎,75%乙醇(固液比1∶10),85℃回流提取,提取2次,每次2h,合并2次滤液,回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏状,经80℃烘干,得苦荞提取物,提取物得率为6.67%。记录苦荞醇提物对戊巴比妥钠引起的小鼠睡眠持续时间、入睡率及小鼠自主活动次数。将40只雄性小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组、苦荞醇提物高剂量组、苦荞醇提物低剂量组和阳性药物对照组;试验前8h禁食不禁水,试验时空白对照组给予等体积的0.5%CMC-Na,苦荞低剂量组、高剂量组分别给0.13g/kg、0.5g/kg苦荞醇提物,阳性药物对照组给2.28g/kg的补脑安神片;连续给药7d。①末次给药30min后,小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠45mg/kg(由预试验确定),记录睡眠出现和消失的时间,计算睡眠潜伏期(睡眠出现时间-记录开始时间),睡眠持续时间(睡眠消失时间-睡眠出现时间);②末次给药后30min,小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠35mg/kg(戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠量,即90%～100%小鼠不入睡的戊巴比妥钠最大剂量,由预试验确定),观察并记录入睡动物数(注射后15min内小鼠翻正反射消失达1min以上者记为入睡),计算各组入睡率;③末次给药30min后将小鼠放入小鼠自主活动测定仪中,让其适应5min,然后开始测定5min内自主活动次数。[结果]苦荞醇提物能延长戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量引起的小鼠睡眠持续时间,增加戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量引起的小鼠睡眠只数,且能明显减少小鼠自主活动次数。[结论]苦荞醇提物具有镇静作用。 相似文献
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