Impact of postovulatory food deprivation on the ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes in sows.     

P Razdan  A M Mwanza  H Kindahl  F Hultén  S Einarsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):45-55

The effect of food deprivation on ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes was studied in 20 crossbred multiparous sows during their second oestrus after weaning. To determine the time of ovulation, transrectal ultrasonographic examination was performed. The sows were divided into 2 groups, one control group (C-group), which was fed according to Swedish standards, and one experimental group (E-group). The E-group sows were deprived of food from the first morning meal after ovulation until slaughter. Blood samples were collected every second hour from about 12 h before expected ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning until slaughter and were analysed for progesterone, prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. All sows were slaughtered approximately 48 h after ovulation and the genital tract was recovered. The isthmic part of the oviduct was divided into 3 equally long segments and flushed separately with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Uterine horns were also flushed with PBS. A significantly greater number of ova were found in the first and second part of the isthmus in the E-group (p = 0.05) while in the C-group most of the ova were found in the third part of the isthmus or the uterus (p = 0.01). The level of prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite was significantly higher in the E-group compared with the C-group. The concentration of progesterone increased in both groups after ovulation but there were no significant differences between the groups. The other blood parameters showed that the food-deprived sows were in a catabolic state. The 48 h period of fasting results, directly or indirectly in an delayed ova transport, which may be due to a delayed relaxation in the smooth circular muscle layer of the isthmus.  相似文献   

提高母猪生产潜力与仔猪断奶体质量的措施     

王晓华 《畜牧兽医杂志》2003,22(2):27-28

根据母猪的生长周期，改良哺乳母猪投料方式等，能充分挖掘母猪的生产潜力。加强仔猪的管理。能提高其生长速度，缩短把猪出栏时间，直接或间接的提高经济效益。  相似文献   

晚稻机收留高茬紫云英迟播技术的应用效果研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

鲁艳红  廖育林  周兴  谢坚  周升明  杨曾平  聂军 《湖南农业科学》2014,(20)

通过田间试验,研究了双季稻田晚稻机械收获留高茬后紫云英迟播的应用效果。结果表明,与传统紫云英播种技术相比,晚稻机械收获留高茬紫云英迟播显著缩短了紫云英的生育期,但其盛花期能保持与传统播种技术一致,对下茬早稻作物的种植没有影响;两种播种方法对盛花期鲜草产量、植株养分含量和养分积累量均没有显著影响,说明迟播播种能达到与传统播种一样的肥田目的;迟播对紫云英的种子产量及产量构成因素均没有明显影响,与传统播种技术相比可节约劳动力成本约45元/hm2,且可避免传统播种方法对晚稻植株的伤害。在现代双季稻种植条件下,晚稻机械收获留高茬紫云英迟播技术具有较大的优势和发展前景。  相似文献   

硒对母猪氧化应激及其后代抗氧化能力的营养调控研究     

赵金波  高圣玥  宋岩  王佳辉  唐玲玲  张智慧  李伟  李梦姝 《饲料研究》2021,(2):138-141

硒作为的重要微量元素之一,可以通过胎盘和乳组织进行转移。仔猪可以从乳汁中获取硒源,提高硒含量,进而提高仔猪的初生重。同时,硒也能够调节母猪妊娠期间代谢速度,控制妊娠期自由基产生,进而提高胎盘输送营养功能。文章从母猪氧化应激体系角度来解析硒对母猪妊娠期氧化应激的调控机制、硒对哺乳母猪生产性能的调控作用。  相似文献   

New technique of sex preselection for increasing female ratio in boar sperm model     

Yoo-Jin Park  Ki-Jin Kwon  Won-Hee Song  Won-Ki Pang  Do-Yeal Ryu  Md Saidur Rahman  Myung-Geol Pang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(2):333-341

In this study, we tried to optimize the porcine semen extender conditions to maximize the differences between live X chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and to Y chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without a decline in the fertility rate at different pH conditions during storage. We observed the viability of X and Y boar spermatozoa in acidic (pH 6.2), original (pH 7.2), and alkaline condition (pH 8.2) for 5 days to investigate the effect of storage conditions on the X to Y spermatozoa ratio. The functional parameters of spermatozoa were also examined to evaluate sperm quality. Sperm motility was preserved at pH 7.2 and pH 6.2 for 3 days, while sperm motility at pH 8.2 decreased significantly after 2 days. Non-capacitated spermatozoa increased while capacitated spermatozoa decreased during storage. Sperm viability decreased significantly duration-dependent under all pH conditions, but there was no significant difference during storage at pH 6.2 and 7.2. The X: Y ratio of live spermatozoa in acidic condition was maximized (1.2:1) without affecting the sperm function and fertility-related protein expression after 2 days compared to original conditions. Moreover, insemination of sows using acidic extender increased the number of female pups on days 1 and 2 of preservation. These results indicate that the production of female offspring may increase when acidic BTS is used for 2 days without affecting the success rate of AI. Above all, this method is simple and economical compared to other methods.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis for sow stayability at different parities in purebred Landrace and Large White pigs     

Shinichiro Ogawa  Makoto Kimata  Kazuo Ishii  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13599

Genetic parameters for sow stayability were estimated from farrowing records of 10,295 Landrace sows and 8192 Large White sows. The record for sow stayability from parity k to parity k + 1 (k = 1, …, 6) was 0 when a sow had a farrowing record at parity k but not at parity k + 1, and 1 when a sow had both records. Heritability was estimated by using single-trait linear and threshold animal models. Genetic correlations among parities were estimated by using two-trait linear–linear and single-trait random regression linear animal models. Genetic correlations with litter traits at birth were estimated by using a two-trait linear–linear animal model. Heritability estimates by linear model analysis were low (0.065–0.119 in Landrace & 0.061–0.157 in Large White); those by threshold model analysis were higher (0.136–0.200 & 0.110–0.283). Genetic correlations among parities differed between breeds and models. Genetic correlation between sow stayability and number born alive was positive in many cases, implying that selection for number born alive does not reduce sow stayability. The results seem to be affected by decisions on culling made by farmers.  相似文献   

葛根素对松辽黑猪前体脂肪细胞成脂分化的影响     

吕香州  魏铭宏  吴思惠  罗晓彤  张琪  金一  于永生 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(12):4422-4428

为探究葛根素对松辽黑猪前体脂肪细胞成脂分化的调控作用,在细胞诱导液中分别添加0、10、20、40、60和80 μmol/L葛根素进行成脂诱导分化,用油红O染色法和甘油三酯酶法检测脂肪细胞分化过程中脂滴聚集情况和甘油三酯含量以考察脂质沉积和分化效果,并确定葛根素的最佳添加浓度;用实时荧光定量PCR检测对照组(0 μmol/L)和最佳葛根素浓度添加组成脂标志基因细胞过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、CCAAT-增强子结合蛋白α(C/EBPα)及成脂分化基因乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP4)、应激蛋白(TRIB)和叉头框蛋白O1 (FOXO1)的mRNA的表达水平,用Western blotting检测PPARγ和C/EBPα的蛋白表达水平。结果表明,与对照组相比,20、40和60 μmol/L葛根素均显著增加脂滴和甘油三酯含量(P<0.05),且40 μmol/L葛根素效果最佳;实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,40 μmol/L葛根素显著上调成脂标志基因PPARγ、C/EBPα及成脂分化基因ACC、FABP4、FOXO1和TRIB的表达(P<0.05);Western blotting结果显示,与对照组相比,40 μmol/L葛根素显著增加PPARγ蛋白表达(P<0.05)。综上所述,40 μmol/L葛根素能够促进松辽黑猪前体脂肪细胞的成脂分化和脂质沉积。  相似文献   

松辽黑猪METTL23基因多态性及其与繁殖性状的关联分析     

张琪  李娜  于永生  刘庆雨  张庆  高一  刘洪亮  张云鹏  张净搏  张树敏 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(12):4530-4536

为探究松辽黑猪METTL23基因多态性及其与繁殖性状的关联性,试验选取178头松辽黑猪母猪为研究对象,利用Sanger直接测序法查找METTL23基因外显子1~5的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),使用SPSS 19.0软件分析METTL23基因SNP位点与松辽黑猪繁殖性状(总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶仔猪数、初生重、3周龄重、断奶重、乳头数)的关联性。结果显示,仅在松辽黑猪METTL23基因外显子4发现1个SNP位点,命名为A62G,在A62G位点上检测到3种基因型,分别是AA、AG和GG。GG和G分别为优势基因型和优势等位基因,且A62G位点处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。该位点的遗传纯合度(Ho)为0.6516,高于遗传杂合度(He,0.3484),说明其在松辽黑猪群体中的变异较小;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.2877,属于中度多态位点(0.25<PIC<0.5),说明该遗传标记能够提供一定量的遗传信息。关联分析结果表明,GG基因型个体总产仔数、产活仔数和断奶仔猪数均显著或极显著高于AA基因型个体(P<0.05;P<0.01),总产仔数还显著高于AG基因型个体(P<0.05);AG基因型个体断奶仔猪数显著高于AA基因型个体(P<0.05);初生重、3周龄重、断奶重、乳头数各基因型间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,METTL23基因外显子4存在多态性位点A62G,该位点与松辽黑猪产仔数存在显著关联,可作为松辽黑猪产仔数的遗传标记,用于分子育种。  相似文献   

松辽黑猪OAS1基因多态性及其与繁殖性状的关联分析     

张云鹏  张琪  刘庆雨  张志彬  张庆  张净博  张树敏 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(8):2910-2919

为探究寡腺苷酸合成酶1（oligoadenylate synthase 1,OAS1）基因多态性与松辽黑猪繁殖性状的关联性,试验选取130头松辽黑猪母猪为研究对象,利用Sanger直接测序法测序查找OAS1基因外显子1~8的SNP位点,使用SPSS 19.0软件分析OAS1基因SNP位点与松辽黑猪繁殖性状的关联性。结果显示,在松辽黑猪OAS1基因外显子2、3和6上共检测到33个突变位点;其中在外显子2的110 bp处存在1个SNP位点（G110C）,存在3种基因型：GG、GC和CC;在外显子3的176 bp处存在1个SNP位点（C176T）,存在3种基因型：CC、CT和TT;在外显子6的145 bp处存在1个SNP位点（C145T）,存在3种基因型：CC、CA和AA;在166 bp处存在1个SNP位点（G166A）,存在3种基因型：GG、GA和AA;在206 bp处存在1个SNP位点（A206G）,存在3种基因型：AA、AG和GG。卡方适合性检验结果显示,松辽黑猪OAS1基因G110C突变位点符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,C176T、C145A、G166A和G206A位点均偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。群体遗传参数分析结果显示,各SNPs位点遗传杂合度均位于中等水平,为中度多态（0.25<PIC<0.5）。关联分析结果发现,G110C位点GC基因型个体总产仔数、产活仔数和断奶仔猪数均显著高于GG基因型个体（P<0.05）;C176T位点CT基因型个体断奶仔猪数显著高于CC基因型个体（P<0.05）;C145T位点CC基因型个体总产仔数和产活仔数均显著高于AA基因型个体（P<0.05）;G166A位点GA基因型个体断奶仔猪数显著高于GG基因型个体（P<0.05）;A206G位点GG基因型个体总产仔数和产活仔数显著高于AA基因型个体（P<0.05）。结果表明,OAS1基因外显子区存在突变位点,对松辽黑猪部分繁殖性状有显著性影响。  相似文献   

玉米精播机漏播补偿系统设计   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21  

金衡模  高焕文 《农业机械学报》2002,33(5):44-47

目前玉米免耕播种机的播种质量仍低于常规播种。本文讨论了微机控制的排种监测及漏播补偿装置，通过机电结合手段解决漏播问题。台架试验表明本装置能够准确发现漏播，并通过采取的措施实现及时补种，补种成功率可达90％以上。  相似文献