Poorly crystalline iron and aluminium oxides contribute to the carbon saturation and sorption of dissolved organic carbon in the soil     

Tania Khandakar  Chris Guppy  Sheikh M. F. Rabbi  Heiko Daniel 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):120-125

Soil carbon (C) saturation implies an upper limit to a soil's capacity to store C depending on the contents of silt + clay and poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides. We hypothesized that the poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides in silt + clay fraction increased the C saturation and thus reduced the capacity of the soil to sorb additional C input. To test the hypothesis, we studied the sorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on silt + clay fractions (<53 µm) of highly weathered oxic soils, collected from three different land uses (i.e., improved pasture, cropping and forest). Soils with high carbon saturation desorbed 38% more C than soils with low C saturation upon addition of DOC, whereas adsorption of DOC was only observed at higher concentration (>15 g kg^?1). While high Al oxide concentration significantly increased both the saturation and desorption of DOC, the high Fe oxide concentration significantly increased the desorption of DOC, supporting the proposition that both oxides have influence on the DOC sorption in soil. Our findings provide a new insight into the chemical control of stabilization and destabilization of DOC in soil.  相似文献   

氮吸附法分析生物质焦孔隙结构     

林晓芬  张军  尹艳山  盛昌栋 《福建农业学报》2009,24(3):262-265

采用氮吸附法对4种生物质焦(稻壳、树叶、玉米秆、棉花秆)的孔隙结构进行测量,结果表明,不同种类焦样的比表面积和孔径分布有明显差别,树叶的比表面积最大,为242.21 m2·g-1,玉米秆的比表面积最小,为0.81 m2·g-1.850℃时,稻壳、树叶、玉米秆焦样的孔径分布曲线在微孔和中孔范围各有一个分布峰,而棉花秆焦样的孔径分布曲线只在中孔范围内出现一个分布峰.热解温度是影响孔隙结构的一个重要因素,在高温条件下,同步热解得到的焦样的比表面积较大,微孔较多.在本研究中,600℃、850℃的稻壳焦样和850℃的树叶焦样具有较大的比表面积,比较适合做吸附剂.  相似文献   

Influence of the physical and chemical properties of soil on the retention process of isoxaflutole and its two main derivatives     

E Beltran  H Fenet  J F Cooper†  & C M Coste† 《Weed Research》2002,42(5):385-393

Isoxaflutole is a new pre‐emergence herbicide for use in maize and sugarcane. Its two main derivatives are a diketonitrile derivative, the 2‐cyano‐3‐cyclopropyl‐1‐(2‐methanesulfonyl‐4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)propan‐1,3‐dione, named DKN, and a benzoic acid derivative, the 2‐methanesulfonyl‐4‐trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, named BA. The adsorption/desorption processes have never been studied for isoxaflutole (IFT) at high concentrations nor for BA, and the present work aimed at completing the knowledge of the behaviour of these three molecules in conditions close to those encountered in the context of agricultural use. The adsorption/desorption study was conducted on seven soils of different physical and chemical properties, using the batch equilibrium technique. During the experiments, IFT was chemically converted into DKN in a continuous manner. This reaction appeared to be dependent on the pH of the soil and was taken into account in the calculations of the adsorbed and desorbed amounts. The adsorption isotherms obtained were predominantly C‐shaped for IFT and DKN and S‐shaped for BA, but some differences appeared on a few soils. They fitted well the Freundlich equation, and the values of the Freundlich coefficient K_fa showed that, whatever the soil, IFT was more adsorbed than its two derivatives. The main parameter influencing the adsorption of IFT appeared to be the organic matter content, whereas this effect was not evident for DKN and BA. No correlation was found between the extent of adsorption and either clay content or pH of the soil, for the three molecules.  相似文献   

Biochar Mitigates Salinity Stress in Potato          下载免费PDF全文

S. S. Akhtar  M. N. Andersen  F. Liu 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(5):368-378

A pot experiment was conducted in a climate‐controlled greenhouse to investigate the growth, physiology and yield of potato in response to salinity stress under biochar amendment. It was hypothesized that addition of biochar may improve plant growth and yield by mitigating the negative effect of salinity through its high sorption ability. From tuber bulking to harvesting, the plants were exposed to three saline irrigations, that is 0, 25 and 50 mm NaCl solutions, respectively, and two levels of biochar (0 % and 5 % W/W) treatments. An adsorption study was also conducted to study the Na⁺ adsorption capability of biochar. Results indicated that biochar was capable to ameliorate salinity stress by adsorbing Na⁺. Increasing salinity level resulted in significant reductions of shoot biomass, root length and volume, tuber yield, photosynthetic rate (A_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), midday leaf water potential, but increased abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in both leaf and xylem sap. At each salinity level, incorporation of biochar increased shoot biomass, root length and volume, tuber yield, A_n, g_s, midday leaf water potential, and decreased ABA concentration in the leaf and xylem sap as compared with the respective non‐biochar control. Decreased Na⁺, Na⁺/K⁺ ratio and increased K⁺ content in xylem with biochar amendment also indicated its ameliorative effects on potato plants in response to salinity stress. The results suggested that incorporation of biochar might be a promising approach for enhancing crop productivity in salt‐affected soils.  相似文献   

茉莉花茶加工技术与吸香机理研究现状   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张钰婷  叶秋萍  程淑华  张作家  黄丹樨  金心怡 《热带作物学报》2016,37(1):203-207

为了进一步综合地认识茉莉花茶窨制的工艺本质、完善茉莉花茶窨制技术,本文综述和分析了茉莉花茶加工技术及吸香机理的研究现状,并对后续研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

不同基质活性炭对阿特拉津吸附特性研究     

杨峰山  孙丛  于苹艳  马玉堃  付海燕  刘春光 《中国农学通报》2020,36(12):68-72

为了解决阿特拉津给土壤带来的污染问题以及寻找吸附效果较好的活性炭基质,本研究利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术检测了阿特拉津溶液和悬浮液经煤、木、果和竹质4种生物炭处理后的残留量,并对其在阿特拉津溶液和土壤中的吸附动态进行检测。结果表明,煤质活性炭对初始浓度为100 mg/L和10 mg/L的阿特拉津溶液和悬浮液的吸附效果较好,其吸附率为5.651%~68.42%;当阿特拉津初始浓度为100 mg/L时,煤质活性炭在40 min时对阿特拉津溶液的吸附率高达23.49%;与对照组相比,当阿特拉津的初始浓度为100 mg/L时,土壤中阿特拉津经煤质活性炭处理42天后的残留浓度最低,活性炭吸附率达到91.39%。综上,煤质活性炭能有效降解溶液及土壤中阿特拉津含量,这将为阿特拉津污染土壤的改良研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

改性木屑处理含铬废水的研究     

梁爱琴  王艳丽  白玉兰 《青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(4):313-317

采用磷酸改性木屑后用于含铬废水吸附处理,探讨废水pH值、处理时间、木屑投加量、处理温度4个因素对铬去除率的影响;并拟合25℃改性木屑吸附处理含铬废水的动力学、等温线方程,估算热力学数据。结果表明:木屑对含铬废水有较强去除力,改性木屑去除力加强;改性木屑处理20ml浓度为50mg/L含铬废水的适宜条件为pH值=1～4,处理时间90min,木屑投加量1g,处理温度20～30℃;改性木屑吸附处理含铬废水的动力学特性符合颗粒内扩散方程和二级吸附速率方程;吸附等温线方程符合Langmuir吸附;25℃吸附过程ΔH=-20.489kJ/mol,ΔS=-78.426J/(mol.K),ΔG=2.89kJ/mol。  相似文献   

花生壳活性炭吸附染料废水中结晶紫的研究     

张晋峰  张莹琪 《节水灌溉》2015,(4):52-54,58

利用磷酸处理微波照射制备花生壳活性炭,以一定浓度的结晶紫溶液为模拟染料废水,研究了吸附剂粒径、溶液pH值、结晶紫的初始浓度、吸附剂用量、吸附时间、吸附温度对结晶紫吸附性能的影响。结果表明花生壳活性炭是具有高去除率的廉价吸附剂,最大去除率达96%。结晶紫染料在花生壳活性炭上的吸附过程符合二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附方程。  相似文献   

The Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Methane on Anthracite and Its Char     

Chen Changguo  Xian Xiaohong  Zhang Daijun  Xian Xuefu 《保鲜与加工》1995,(3):76-79

The adsorption quantities of methane on anthracite and its char at different tem-perature and time were measured by using volumetric niethod. The corresponding adsorption formula-is presented. The experimental results have shown that the diffusion acti-vation energies of methane in the anthracite and its char are 14.3 kJ/mol and 26. 3 kJ/mol.It issuggested that the diffusion process of methane could be the flow through the micropores in the an-thracite and its char.  相似文献   

有机膨润土对水溶液中甲基对硫磷的吸附特性研究     

杨波  曾清如  马云龙  杨成建 《农业环境科学学报》2007,26(5):1698-1701

采用室内增溶性实验及吸附实验,研究了表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTMAB)对甲基对硫磷的增溶作用,并进一步研究了甲基对硫磷在硼润土-十六烷基三甲基溴化胺体系中的分配特性。结果表明,CTMAB对膨润土吸附甲基对硫磷有明显的增溶作用,且当CTMAB其浓度大于CMC时,增溶效果显著;在低浓度表面活性剂条件下,膨润土对甲基对硫磷的吸附量随着CTMAB浓度的增加而增加,吸附在膨润土表面的CTMAB并不是作为一个分配体而存在,而是作为一个有效的吸附薄膜;在高浓度表面活性剂条件下,膨润土对甲基对硫磷的吸附量随着表面活性剂浓度的增加而降低。  相似文献