昆虫病原线虫和共生细菌培养系统中噬菌体的检测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

游娟韩日畴  吴振强 《昆虫天敌》2003,25(2):49-54

本文利用紫外照射、温度、pH、盐度诱导五株溶源性共生菌株Xenorhabdus和Photorhabdus同时测定斯氏和异小杆属线虫Steinernema carpocapsae A24,S.carpacapsae ALL,S.feltiae English,S.feltiae SN,Heterorhabditis bacterophora H06在体外培养过程中是否存在感染共生细菌的噬菌体。结果未发现噬菌斑，说明实验菌株在实验诱导条件下以及昆虫病原线虫固体培养系统中不可能诱发噬菌体的危害。  相似文献   

Association of a bacteriophage with virulence in Vibrio harveyi   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Austin B  Pride AC  Rhodie GA 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(1):55-58

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大肠杆菌噬菌体的分离及生物学特性研究简     

李杨  王静  霍恺  李晓颖  孔健  谷巍 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(1):7-10

试验从鸡场周围环境中采集土样,在伊红美蓝培养基平板上分离纯化大肠杆菌,然后以其为宿主,分离相应的噬菌体,并研究其生物学特性。结果表明,共分离到大肠杆菌4株,经16S rDNA鉴定为埃希氏大肠杆菌。其中,以大肠杆菌LY4为宿主分离纯化到1株烈性噬菌体,负染经电镜观察该噬菌体由多面体头部及尾部组成,噬菌斑直径为2.5～3.8 mm,效价2.0×10¹⁰ PFU/mL,最佳感染复数为0.0001;在温度－20～37 ℃、pH 5.0～10.0范围内该噬菌体表现出良好的稳定性,但在人工胃液（pH 1.2）条件下,即可导致死亡;测定其一步生长曲线,该噬菌体潜伏期为20 min,裂解能力强,以上特性表明该噬菌体在鸡舍环境治理中具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

“三三法”快速检测沙门氏菌的研究     

李碧萍  孙福泉  林炳玲  谢一俊 《中国动物检疫》1993,(6):19-22

将DHL平板上产H_2S和不产H_2S的菌落分别用TSI、LMA、甘露醇或TSI、LMA、ONPG三管判定,辅以肠杆菌科诊断噬菌体0—1、C多价、E多价三滴法快速检测沙门氏菌的方法简称“三三法”。近两年来我们用此法检测了125批、341份样品中236株可疑菌株,检出沙门氏菌27株、11个血清型,经系统生化验证符合率100％。表明该法具有快速、简便、准确、实用的优点。  相似文献   

毒死蜱、乙酰甲胺磷、阿维菌素防治枸杞瘿螨药效试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李锋  张宗山  杨芳 《辽宁林业科技》2003,(2):4-5,12

枸杞生长期长，害虫种类多且危害严重。枸杞瘿螨是危害枸杞的主要螨类，危害广泛而严重。除4月中旬枸杞展叶，5月下旬，6月上旬新枝萌发瘿螨向嫩叶、新枝扩散而暴露于瘿外，其余时间都在瘿内危害，防治难度非常大。该试验在室内就40%毒死蜱、30%乙酰甲胺磷、0.9%阿维菌素3种药剂毒力及其对枸杞瘿螨防治效果进行试验检测，表明这3种药剂对枸杞瘿螨均有显著的防治效果，可以在生产中推广应用。  相似文献   

T4噬菌体蛋白的分子改造及其应用前景     

逯凯  颜晨  任慧英 《动物医学进展》2012,33(4):97-102

T4噬菌体是一种病毒,其基因、结构和生物学特性已清晰,利用各种分子操作技术可以对其进行进一步改造。利用位点特异性诱变,研究T4噬菌体某些基本蛋白的功能;普遍用来进行噬菌体改造的噬菌体展示技术已经成功在T4衣壳平台上展示目的抗原;位点特异性诱变及噬菌体展示技术都可以用于改造噬菌体使其与哺乳动物细胞发生相互作用,也能获得除细菌宿主之外的可被噬菌体感染的细胞;还可在不断发展的噬菌体治疗研究中得到应用。这些噬菌体的改造方法都将会促进疫苗技术、噬菌体疗法和其他生物及医学科学分支的发展。论文对T4噬菌体的蛋白结构、噬菌体展示技术及相关的噬菌体治疗等内容进行了综述。  相似文献   

Occurrence of prophage and historical perspectives associated with the dissemination of huanglongbing in mainland China     

S. Fu  Z. Bai  H. Su  J. Liu  J. S. Hartung  C. Zhou  X. Wang 《Plant pathology》2020,69(1):132-138

Huanglongbing (HLB), associated with a non-culturable bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas), is a highly destructive citrus disease with a long but poorly documented history in China. No effective treatment for HLB is available. The identification of new prophages in abundant CLas genomic sequence data provides new insights into both the diversity of CLas strains and HLB management. In this study, CLas populations from nine provinces were surveyed for the presence of prophage. Two major prophage typing groups (PTGs) were discovered to be associated with two different altitude regions: strains of CLas in PTG1 from high altitude regions (HAR) mainly contained prophage Type 1 only or Types 1 and 3, whereas strains of CLas in PTG2 from low altitude regions (LAR) mainly contained prophage Type 2. The discovery of these CLas population patterns provides evidence for independent origins of HLB in HAR and LAR. Guangdong province is the generally recognized domestic region of origin for HLB and is primarily responsible for the dissemination of HLB in LAR through transport of seedlings. Both Yunnan and Sichuan provinces are the probable regions of origin for HLB in HAR. PTG2 was further divided into two subgroups: PTG2-1, found in Guangdong, Fujian and Guangxi and PTG2-2, found in Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Hunan. These regions and prophage types are correlated with early and late introductions of HLB in LAR. These molecular analyses were supported by studying the history of the dissemination of HLB in historical documents.  相似文献   

肠道噬菌体与细菌和宿主互作及其对动物机体健康影响的研究进展     

周贝  林焱  朱伟云 《畜牧兽医学报》2019,(1):14-20

近年来肠道病毒组功能研究日益受到关注,其中肠道噬菌体作为肠道病毒组的主要组成,更是成为了研究热点。大量研究表明,肠道噬菌体种类和数量不仅直接影响肠道微生物菌群区系,还与动物机体存在着密切联系,因此对动物机体健康发挥着重要作用。本文就肠道噬菌体研究进展进行总结,从肠道噬菌体、噬菌体与细菌互作、噬菌体与动物宿主互作以及肠道噬菌体与肠道炎症性疾病、代谢性疾病等疾病的联系等方面进行综述,为深入研究肠道噬菌体对机体健康的影响及其机制提供理论参考和新的思路。  相似文献   

一株可裂解耐黏菌素大肠杆菌噬菌体的分离鉴定及全基因组分析     

贾旭晨  肖天石  朱晓林  郝智慧 《中国农业大学学报》2024,(2):131-140

为研究耐黏菌素大肠杆菌的噬菌体治疗方法,本研究以耐黏菌素大肠杆菌为宿主菌,采用双层琼脂平板法从山东烟台某养鸡场污水样中分离纯化得到裂解性噬菌体SDYTW1-F1-2-2。通过透射电镜观察,最佳感染复数,一步生长曲线,温度稳定性,酸碱度稳定性等生物学特性测定,并对其进行全基因组测序分析。结果表明：1）噬菌体SDYTW1-F1-2-2噬菌斑呈现透亮,外周无晕圈,形态学观察显示其具有可伸缩性尾鞘。2）生物学特性分析表明,噬菌体最佳感染复数为0.1,潜伏期为50 min,爆发期为40 min,爆发量为（331±9）PFU/cell。在温度4～40℃,pH为4～12的环境下,噬菌体活性较为稳定。3）通过噬菌体全基因组测序及核酸类型鉴定显示,该噬菌体基因组全长为74 752 bp,双链DNA,GC含量42.1%。在噬菌体基因组中共鉴定出121个编码蛋白（CDS）,包括结构组成、DNA代谢与复制和包装以及细菌裂解相关的功能基因,发现一个tRNA基因,且未检测到如stx-1等致病性基因和mcr-1等耐药基因相关的基因。综上,噬菌体SDYTW1-F1-2-2裂解谱较宽,具有良好的酸碱性、热稳定性以及安全...  相似文献   

Characterization of bacteriophage HN48 and its protective effects in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus against Streptococcus agalactiae infections          下载免费PDF全文

X Luo  G Liao  C Liu  X Jiang  M Lin  C Zhao  J Tao  Z Huang 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(10):1477-1484

Streptococcus agalactiae is a causative agent responsible for massive mortalities of tilapia that has led to catastrophic losses to tilapia culture globally. Bacteriophages represent a new class of antimicrobials against bacteria. In this study, we characterized the bacteriophage HN48, which formed small and round‐transparent plaques on a double‐layer plate. With a hexagonal head and a long tail, this phage may belong to the Caudovirales according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. HN48 was found to have a relatively wide and highly specific host range, to be sensitive to high temperature (60–80°C) and low pH (3–5), and to be relatively stable at alkaline pH (8–10). Intraperitoneal injection with HN48 had no adverse effects on tilapia and effectively inactivated the bacteria in the kidney. Fish that received phage therapy had 60% ± 3.3% survival rates and a delayed mean death time of about 3 days when compared to the control group. To the best of knowledge, this is the first study of tilapia streptococcal phage. Overall, the results indicated that phage HN48 could prevent tilapia from experimental S. agalactiae infection, suggesting it has the potential to control this disease.  相似文献