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1.
Pig breeding is generally conducted among many herds, so EBV comparisons across populations are necessary. Genetic connectedness is required for reliable between-farmanimal EBV comparisons.Five quantitative overall connectedness measures among populations have been proposed so far,coefficient of connectedness(γ*), coefficient of determination (CD) and overall indices of precision, connectedness rating, number of direct genetic links between subpopulations due to common sires and dams (GLt), and average genetic covariance (AGC) are reviewed and theirproperties are discussed in this paper. It is recommended to use AGC at present for measuring genetic connectedness between herds. 相似文献
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田明欣 《河北农业大学学报》2000,23(2):105-108,113
在２个未确知拓扑空间之间的未确知连续函数的基础上,通过未确知同胚函数的定义,未确知子集的分离的定义,确定未确知拓扑空间的连通性。给出连通未确知子集的定义和相关的定理;未确知拓扑空间连通性的定义和定理,以及连通分支的定义、定理。 相似文献
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P. K. MATHUR 《华南农业大学学报》2005,26(Z1)
1The concept of connectednessThe term“connectedness”is commonlyused in animal breeding in relation to the geneticevaluations and across herd comparison of esti-mated breeding values.In this context,connect-edness is a measure or accuracy of across herd e-valuations.It can be described as a measure ofthe relationships between herds or contemporarygroups based on their effect on the accuracy ofcomparing the genetic values of animals fromoneherd or group to the other.In true statistical sense,a data set is con... 相似文献
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Suoyu Zhang Jinxin Zhang Babatunde Shittu Olasege Peipei Ma Xiaotian Qiu Hong Gao Changcun Wang Yuan Wang Qin Zhang Hongjie Yang Zhigang Wang Xiangdong Ding Yuchun Pan 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(2):211-222
The objective of this study was to estimate group- and breed-specific genetic parameters for reproductive traits in Chinese Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire populations. Records for reproductive traits between April 1998 and December 2017 from 92 nucleus pig breeding farms, which were involved in the China Swine Genetic Improvement Program, were analysed. Due to weak genetic connectedness across all farms, connectedness groups consisting of related farms were used. Three, two and four connectedness groups for Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire were firstly established according to the genetic connectedness rating among farms. For each connectedness group a five-trait animal model was implemented, and via restricted maximum likelihood procedure the genetic parameters were estimated for five reproductive traits i.e., total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), litter weight at farrowing (LWF), farrowing interval (FI) and age at first farrowing (AFF). The average of heritabilities among connectedness groups ranged from .01 (for FI in Yorkshire) to .30 (for AFF in Duroc). Estimates of repeatability for litter traits ranged from .14 to .20 and were consistent for each breed, and for FI, the estimates varied from .01 to .11 across breeds and groups. The estimated genetic correlations among litter traits (i.e., TNB, NBA and LWF) were all significantly high (>.56) and similar across breeds. Averaged genetic correlations over three breeds were −.25, −.27, −.18, −.04, −.10, −.02, and .28 for FI-TNB, FI-NBA, FI-LWF, AFF-TNB, AFF-NBA, AFF-LWF and FI-AFF, respectively. The standard errors of the estimates were all very low (<0.01) in most situations. Results from this study suggest that selection based on TNB which is currently used in dam line selection index can improve NBA and LWF simultaneously. However, care should be taken on FI and AFF as they are both greatly influenced by non-genetic factors such as management and measurement. 相似文献
5.
The distribution of woody vegetation was studied in forest edges and hedgerows in a 28 km2 southern Swedish agricultural area, characterised by species-rich edge zones. The occurrence of 21 selected woody species (taxa) was related to differences in both edge structure and landscape structure. All the species studied were represented in both edge types, but a higher frequency of animal-dispersed species was found in hedgerows.Animal dispersed species were more affected by edge width and density than wind dispersed species. A higher number of wind-dispersed species were more frequent in forest edges, in hedgerows near to forest, or with a high proportion of forest within 500 m. A clear relationship was found between the number of physically connected elements in hedgerow networks and increasing frequency of occurrence for Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Euonymus europaeus, and Quercus robur; which indicate the ecological significance of connectedness for certain animal dispersed species. The study supports the general principle that woody species distribution and landscape structure are linked in a positive feedback loop. The results match findings from studies in other countries and are interpreted in the context of landscape processes and the ecological characteristics of woody plant species. We emphasise the importance of understanding dispersal mechanisms of woody species for the design and improvement of edge habitats in agricultural landscapes. 相似文献
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G. Rovere P. Madsen E. Norberg J. A. M. van Arendonk B. J. Ducro 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2014,64(1):57-66
AbstractDuring the last decades, the breeding practice within the Dutch Warmblood studbook (KWPN) has resulted in an increasing specialisation of horses into show-jumping (JH) and dressage (DH). The objective of this study was to describe the effect of the specialisation on the connectedness between the subpopulations of JH and DH horses registered by KWPN. The subpopulations comprised 23,800 JH horses and 18,125 DH horses, born between 1995 and 2009. Genetic similarity (GS), genetic pool in common (GCx) based on the marginal genetic contribution of common ancestors and coefficient of relationship (r) between and within subpopulations were analysed in three periods of time to describe changes in genetic connectedness between subpopulations. A decline in GS (0.97–0.45), GC0.5 (0.69–0.13) and r (0.018–0.014) in the recent years was observed. Both subpopulations have a common genetic pool; however, if the specialisation process continues, it will result in two unrelated (genetic) groups. 相似文献
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吴春 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,33(1)
通过引入弱上半连续的概念,利用标量化结果研究了向量平衡问题各种解的连通性和道路连通性,推广了Gong X H的相应的结论. 相似文献
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Social connectedness in marginal rural China: The case of farmer innovation circles in Zhidan, north Shaanxi 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
The intrinsic dynamics andinnovative potential of the rural poor in Chinacan be illustrated by the phenomena of farmerinnovation circles (FIC) in north Shaanxi.These are informal networks used by farmers tocollaborate on technology learning andagricultural production. Though not limited tospecific geographic locations, these circlesare particularly important in the marginalareas of rural China where the complexity ofthe geographic environment, the diversity offarmer demands, and the inefficiency of formalagricultural extension networks impede thespread of new agricultural technologies. Socialconnectedness in the form of householdcommunication networks, technology learninggroups, and inter-village links aids people's collective capacity to work together. In thestudy of 50 villages in this remote region, itwas found that households with more connectionswere more likely to adopt a range of newtechnologies (ploughs, varieties, inputs,orchards, afforestation, grazing landrehabilitation), and so had higher income. Adetailed case study shows how collective actioncan lead to environmental improvements thatfurther increase incomes. It is concluded thatif there is to be sustainable development inthe marginal areas of China, then there willclearly need to be closer communication andinteraction between agricultural professionalsand rural communities. 相似文献
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全球变化背景下,干旱事件频发给区域水资源管理和社会经济可持续发展带来了巨大挑战,科学合理地辨识干旱发生发展过程一直是干旱研究领域的前沿与难点。该研究将图像三维连通性识别方法应用于气象干旱事件的识别和提取。在长江流域的应用表明此方法识别出的干旱事件与历史记录的吻合度较高,能有效识别气象干旱事件。基于1960—2015年标准化降水蒸散发指数(Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI),长江流域共发生281场气象干旱事件,其中长历时干旱事件(历时大于4个月)64场。长历时干旱事件在流域中部发生次数多于东部和西部,2000年之后的发生频次、干旱面积和干旱强度大于2000年之前,单场事件发展方向以西北和东南为主。整体上,干旱事件发生频次和干旱强度在长江流域中部呈增加趋势,在流域东部和西部呈减小趋势。该研究有助于探索长江流域干旱事件发展演变规律。 相似文献