绿色富硒生物猪饲料中AFB₁达标生产工艺优化研究     

郑威  卢婵  余侃  黄思思  余锦平  刘金龙  程水源  魏金涛  李良华  刘欋霄  郑倬  田国政  周光来 《中国饲料》2021,(5):84-90

饲料中黄曲霉毒素(AFB₁)容易超标,检出率达80%~100%,毒性大,具强致癌性,可抑制生猪免疫机能,降低动物生产性能,引起动物继发感染,还会在动物产品中残留而威胁人类健康,给生猪养殖带来经济损失,降低猪肉食品安全性。本文通过使用先进固体发酵系统设备和益生菌发酵技术,采用单因素试验和响应面中试优化,获得发酵降解猪饲料AFB₁的最佳工艺参数为硒浓度0.3 mg/kg,发酵时间12 h,量子波强度30 Hz,益生菌菌种组合CGMCC NO.17328混合CGMCC NO.15611。该工艺将猪饲料AFB₁量从63.41μg/kg降解到2.98μg/kg,降解率达到95.30%,AFB₁含量达到国家饲料安全标准。生产工艺适合养猪场低成本快速生产AFB₁达标猪饲料。  相似文献   

氨唑草酮的水解、挥发及其在水-沉积物系统中的降解特性     

何开雨  汤涛  宣彩迪  吴园园  何红梅  吴珉  赵学平  徐霞红  王强 《浙江农业学报》2019,31(12):2057

为评价氨唑草酮的环境安全性,参照国家标准GB/T 31270-2014的要求,采用室内模拟法研究了氨唑草酮在不同温度和不同pH值缓冲溶液中的水解特性、在不同环境介质中的挥发特性,以及在2种水-沉积物系统中的降解特性。结果表明:氨唑草酮在25 ℃时,在pH值为4或7的缓冲液中水解半衰期均长于365 d,在pH值为9的缓冲液中水解半衰期为90.0 d,属于难水解至中等水解农药。在20~25 ℃、气体流速500 mL·min^-1的条件下,氨唑草酮在空气、水和土壤中的挥发率均小于1%,属于难挥发农药。氨唑草酮在湖泊(杭州西湖)水-沉积物系统和河流(京杭大运河)水-沉积物系统中的降解符合一级动力学方程,好氧降解半衰期分别为408 d和630 d,厌氧降解半衰期分别为248 d和990 d,在水-沉积物系统中属于难降解农药。  相似文献   

草鱼免疫防病技术操作方法     

黄明  丁庆忠  李发  杨书旺 《北京农业》2009,(30)

草鱼免疫保证有效抗原和防止抗原流失,是免疫成功的关键;组织免疫服务队伍是持久普及推广免疫防病技术的保证措施。  相似文献   

椰心叶甲发育的起点温度和有效积温   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

钟义海  伍筱影  刘奎  赵志英  彭正强  吴坤宏 《热带作物学报》2004,25(2):47-49

通过室内饲养观察，测定了不同温度下椰心叶甲不同虫态发育的起点温度、有效积温及存活率。结果表明，椰心叶甲世代发育起点温度为11．08℃，有效积温为966．22℃，在海南省儋州市1a发生的理论代数为4～5代。持续过高温度，如32℃不适宜椰心叶甲的生长。  相似文献   

天山云杉人工幼林树冠结构及其在林分间伐中的应用研究     

罗明灿  张瑛山 《新疆农业大学学报》1994,(4)

本文对天山云杉人工幼林树冠结构以及树冠结构与林木之间的关系进行了研究，并基于生物学原理，在确定有效树冠的法础上，通过决定林木能力的树冠特征对其人林分间伐中的应用进行了初步研究。  相似文献   

浙农大A系意蜂生产性能考察试验报告   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

沈基楷  肖体元 《中国蜂业》1993,(1):4-6

用杂交一代蜂群进行对比试验的结果表明,浙农大 A 系意蜂的产育力、群势增长速度、采蜜量等,与平湖意蜂和澳大利亚意蜂无显著差异或基本一致,但蜂王浆高产性能表现突出,产量比平湖意蜂高19.5%,比澳意高42.5%,而且质量指标符合国家规定和出口标准。  相似文献   

Enantioselective degradation kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits     

Jing Qiu 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2005,83(1):1-8

Metalaxyl [methyl-N-(2′-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-d,l- alaninate] is a potent phenylamide fungicide. The (−)-(R)-isomer accounts for most of the fungicidal activity. A possible stereo and/or enantioselective kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits was investigated by intravenous injection. The concentrations of (−)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-metalaxyl in plasma, liver, and kidney tissue were determined by HPLC with a cellulose-Tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. After intravenous administration of racemic metalaxyl (40 mg/kg), the (+)-(S)-enantiomer levels in plasma, liver, and kidney decreased more rapidly than the (−)-(R)-isomer. The area ratio of the (−)-(R)-/(+)-(S)-enantiomer under the concentration-time curve (AUC_0 → ∞) in plasma after drug application was 1.62. The total plasma clearance value of the (+)-(S)-enantiomer was 1.53 and higher than that of the (−)-(R)-enantiomer. The [R]/[S] ratio in plasma was >1 for standard rac-metalaxyl at each time point. The other pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers were also different. The results indicate substantial stereoselectivity in the degradation of metalaxyl enantiomers in rabbits.  相似文献   

反刍动物过瘤胃淀粉研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱森阳  汪国和  贾志海 《中国饲料》2005,(13):2-4

过瘤胃淀粉是高产反刍动物葡萄糖的重要来源之一。本文阐述了过瘤胃淀粉在反刍动物营养中的作用,以及提高饲料过瘤胃淀粉比例的处理方法,并根据近年来的应用研究状况,提出了过瘤胃淀粉在应用中存在的问题及今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

Influence of the physical and chemical properties of soil on the retention process of isoxaflutole and its two main derivatives     

E Beltran  H Fenet  J F Cooper†  & C M Coste† 《Weed Research》2002,42(5):385-393

Isoxaflutole is a new pre‐emergence herbicide for use in maize and sugarcane. Its two main derivatives are a diketonitrile derivative, the 2‐cyano‐3‐cyclopropyl‐1‐(2‐methanesulfonyl‐4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)propan‐1,3‐dione, named DKN, and a benzoic acid derivative, the 2‐methanesulfonyl‐4‐trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, named BA. The adsorption/desorption processes have never been studied for isoxaflutole (IFT) at high concentrations nor for BA, and the present work aimed at completing the knowledge of the behaviour of these three molecules in conditions close to those encountered in the context of agricultural use. The adsorption/desorption study was conducted on seven soils of different physical and chemical properties, using the batch equilibrium technique. During the experiments, IFT was chemically converted into DKN in a continuous manner. This reaction appeared to be dependent on the pH of the soil and was taken into account in the calculations of the adsorbed and desorbed amounts. The adsorption isotherms obtained were predominantly C‐shaped for IFT and DKN and S‐shaped for BA, but some differences appeared on a few soils. They fitted well the Freundlich equation, and the values of the Freundlich coefficient K_fa showed that, whatever the soil, IFT was more adsorbed than its two derivatives. The main parameter influencing the adsorption of IFT appeared to be the organic matter content, whereas this effect was not evident for DKN and BA. No correlation was found between the extent of adsorption and either clay content or pH of the soil, for the three molecules.  相似文献   

环境条件和微生物对灭线磷降解的影响   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15  

吴春先  吕潇  慕卫  慕立义  陈子雷 《农药学学报》2002,4(1):45-51

环境条件和微生物影响灭线磷在土壤中的降解。随着土壤含水量和温度的增加,灭线磷的降解速度加快;微生物对灭线磷的降解有显著影响,30℃、含水量为40%条件下,未灭菌土中灭线磷的半衰期为16.6 d,灭菌土中灭线磷的半衰期为31.6 d;有机质对灭线磷的降解也有显著影响,有机质含量高,有利于灭线磷的降解;灭线磷在碱性土壤中的降解快于在酸性土壤中;30℃、含水量为40%条件下,灭线磷在3种土壤中的降解速度为:东北黑土＞广东红土＞山东砂壤土。  相似文献