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将48只健康山羊随机分为4组：对照组（A组）、内毒素（LPS）组（B组）、内毒素＋褪黑素（LPS＋MT）组（C组）、褪黑素（MT）组（D组）,在处理后第3 h和6 h提取肝细胞线粒体,采用Clark氧电极技术测定线粒体呼吸控制率（RCR）、磷氧比值（P/O）、氧化磷酸化效率（OPR）的变化,探讨了MT对LPS诱导的山羊内毒素血症机体线粒体呼吸功能的影响。结果显示,内毒素组山羊在第3 h和6 h的RCR、P/O、OPR显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;应用褪黑素后,即内毒素＋褪黑素组第3 h的肝细胞线粒体RCR、P/O、OPR明显升高（P〈0.05）;褪黑素组第3 h的RCR明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,而褪黑素组第3 h的P/O、OPR与对照组差异不显著（P〉0.05）。证实,山羊内毒素血症时线粒体的呼吸功能明显下降,褪黑素对肝细胞线粒体呼吸功能具有一定的保护作用。 相似文献
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Rashid J Weiss DJ Murtaugh MP Bach R 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1997,26(4):198-202
Tissue factor (TF), a cell surface-associated cofactor and activator of coagulation factor VII, has been implicated in the local and systemic activation of coagulation associated with sepsis. This study describes the pattern of TF expression in experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis and endotoxemia. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to localize TF antigen in tissue sections. Tissue factor expression was not observed in tissues from control animals. In response to Pasteurella haemolytica challenge, TF was expressed within alveolar walls, by mononuclear inflammatory cells within alveoli, and in walls of arteries, arterioles, bronchi, and bronchioles. Tissue factor was not detected in unaffected lung, liver, spleen, lymph node or kidney tissue. Administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin intravenously resulted in tissue factor expression in lung, spleen, and lymph node tissue. Results of this study indicate that TF is expressed locally at sites of inflammation and systemically in endotoxemia. Therefore, TF may be involved in coagulation events associated with pneumonic pasteurellosis. 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the role of intestinal endotoxemia (IETM) in insulin resistance (IR) and cognitive impairment, and to explore the protective mechanisms of glycine in rats with high-fructose diet. METHODS: The rats in model group were fed with 8% fructose water, and the rats in intervention group were fed with water containing 8% fructose and 1% glycine. The body weight and systolic pressure were measured monthly. After 8 months, plasma glucose, plasma lipids, glucose tolerance and plasma endotoxin (LPS) were detected. Plasma insulin, pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma and cerebral cortex were determined by ELISA, and HOMA-IR was also calculated. The molecules of insulin signaling pathway in cerebral cortex were determined by Western blotting. The cognitive functions of the rats were tested by Morris water maze. RESULTS: The weight gain in model group was increased from the 3rd month to the 6th month, and systolic pressure was increased after the 3rd month as compared with control group. Glycine significantly reduced the weight gain in the 4th month and the 6th month, and significantly reduced the systolic pressure from the 4th month to the 6th month. Meanwhile, glycine partly attenuated dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance, and lowered the levels of plasma LPS, plasma insulin, HOMA-IR and pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma and cortex. Furthermore, glycine attenuated the abnormal expression of insulin signaling proteins and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: Long-term fructose diet induces the rats to peripheral and neuronal IR, which accompanies IETM and low-grade inflammation. Glycine attenuates IR and cognitive impairment by lowering IETM. 相似文献
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〔摘要〕目的观察内毒素血症兔不同时相的症状、体征动态变化,探讨其与卫气营血阶段性辨证及传变的相似
性〔方法将22只新西兰大耳白兔随机分成空白组8只和模型组14只,采用静脉注射大肠杆菌内毒素(LPS)的方法
建立内毒素血症模型,空白组注入等量无菌生理盐水,观察内毒素血症兔不同时相症状和体征动态变化,不同阶段
发热净增值的平均值(4T)〔结果(1)1阶段(注入大肠杆菌内毒素2 h),模型兔出现耸毛、发抖、喷嚏、流涕等症状〔
心率略增快,发热净增值(4T)比空白组升高,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.01)〔 (2)2阶段(攻毒后2-6 h),模型兔小便
黄、呼吸明显增快增粗、心率增快,耳廓发热、充血明显以及结膜充血,4T比前一阶段升高,差异有统计学意义(尸<
0.01)〔 (3)3阶段(攻毒后6-36 h),模型兔精神萎靡,活动度和灵敏度h降,出现便血、耳廓发凉、结膜充血明显,II
周青紫、耳廓青紫或有疲点疲斑、眼球突出、鼻哑 ,嗜睡、全身瘫软无力、角弓反张、抽搐和死亡,4T比前一阶段降
低,高于空白组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)〔结论内毒素血症兔的症状、体征出现有规律性的阶段性表现,1阶段
(攻毒后2 h)与温病卫分证相关,2阶段(攻毒后2-6 h)与气分证相关,3阶段攻毒后6-36 h与营、血分证相关〔 相似文献
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为了观察在发生内毒素血症时,山羊红细胞膜上Na+-K+-ATP酶活性以及红细胞内和血清中K+离子浓度的变化,将体重10 kg±1 kg的12只山羊,随机分为内毒素处理组(LPS,1 mg/kg)和生理盐水对照组。每组分别在处理后第0,0.5,1,2,3,4,5小时和第6小时从颈静脉采取血液样品。采血之后,制备红细胞、红细胞膜和血清。检测红细胞膜上Na+-K+-ATP酶活力,红细胞内和血清中K+浓度。结果表明,发生内毒素血症时,红细胞膜上Na+-K+-ATP酶活力和红细胞内K+离子浓度都先升高后降低,血清中K+离子浓度先降低后升高。 相似文献
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Devran Coskun Orhan Corum Enver Yazar 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(3):288-296
The purpose of this study was to determine the influences of supportive therapy (ST) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of marbofloxacin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemic sheep. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of marbofloxacin against Escherichia coli, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. The study was performed using a three-period cross PK design following a 15-day washout period. In the first period, marbofloxacin (10 mg/kg) was administered by an intravenous (IV) injection. In the second and third periods, marbofloxacin was co-administered with ST (lactated ringer + 5% dextrose + 0.45% sodium chloride, IV, 20 ml/kg, dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg, SC) and ST + LPS (E. coli O55:B5, 10 µg/kg), respectively. Plasma marbofloxacin concentration was measured using HPLC-UV. Following IV administration of marbofloxacin alone, the , AUC0–∞, ClT, and Vdss were 2.87 hr, 34.73 hr × µg/ml, 0.29 L hr−1 kg−1, and 0.87 L/kg, respectively. While no change was found in the MBX + ST group in terms of the PK parameters of marbofloxacin, it was determined that the ClT of marbofloxacin decreased, AUC0–∞ increased, and and MRT prolonged in the MBX + ST + LPS group. MIC values of marbofloxacin were 0.031 to >16 µg/ml for E. coli, 0.016 to >16 µg/ml for M. haemolytica, 0.016–1 µg/ml for P. multocida, 0.016–0.25 µg/ml for K. pneumoniae, 0.031–0.063 µg/ml for Salmonella spp., and 0.031–1 µg/ml for S. aureus. The study results show the necessity to make a dose adjustment of marbofloxacin following concomitant administration of ST in endotoxemic sheep. Also, the PK and pharmacodynamic effect of marbofloxacin needs to be determined in naturally infected septicemic sheep following concomitant administration of single and ST. 相似文献
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JIA Jian-tao ZHANG Hui-ying TIAN Xiao-xia JI Jing-quan ZHANG Li-li LV Min-li WANG Li-min FENG Ming ZHAO Zhong-fu HAN De-wu CHENG Ji 《园艺学报》2011,27(8):1580-1585
AIM: To explore the role of 78 kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in the development of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in rats and the relation to intestinal endotoxemia (IETM). METHODS: The experimental animals were randomly divided into HPS groups of the 4th week, the 6th week and the 8th week. Normal control groups at the corresponding time points were also set up. The Wistar rat model of HPS produced in the process of liver cirrhosis was induced by employing multiple pathogenic factors to the animals. The rats in normal control group were designed by feeding with standard diet and tap water. Histopathological changes of the lung and liver were observed under microscope with the staining of hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The concentrations of alanine amino transferase (ALT), endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in plasma, the contents of TNF-α and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the lung tissues were detected. The expression of GRP78 at mRNA and protein levels in the lungs was measured by the methods of RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS: The level of endotoxin in plasma was gradually increased with the HPS development. The expression of GRP78 at mRNA and protein levels was also gradually increased with the HPS development and was significant at every time point. The endotoxin in plasma was positively correlated with the expression of GRP78 protein in the lung tissues of the rats with HPS. With the HPS development, the levels of ALT and TNF-α in plasma and the contents of TNF-α and MDA in the lung tissues were gradually increased. The content of endotoxin in plasma and the protein expression of GRP78 in the lung tissues were positively correlated with the contents of TNF-α in plasma and TNF-α and MDA in the lung tissues. The contents of TNF-α in plasma and GRP78 at mRNA and protein levels and TNF-α in the lung tissues were higher in the rats with HPS at every time point than those in normal control group. At the 6th week and the 8th week, the contents of endotoxin and ALT in plasma and MDA in the lung tissues of the rats with HPS were significantly higher than those in normal control group. CONCLUSION: IETM originated from the liver cirrhosis acts as a critical stressor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activates ER stress in the lung by oxidative stress, resulting in increased expression of GRP78. Therefore,the increased expression of GRP78 induced by ER stress may play an important role in the development of HPS in rats. 相似文献