微卫星DNA标记及其在检疫性实蝇种群遗传学中的研究应用          下载免费PDF全文

伍祎  李志红  康芬芬  杨定  吴佳教 《植物保护》2007,33(4):1-6

微卫星DNA是一种广泛用于种群遗传学研究的分子标记技术,具有共显性标记、反应速度快、重复性好和结果可靠等特点。本文在概述微卫星标记的原理、特点、位点筛选和引物设计的基础上,系统分析了该技术在检疫性实蝇(小条实蝇属、果实蝇属等)种群遗传关系中的研究与应用。  相似文献   

A review of the pest management situation in mango agroecosystems     

J. E. Peña  A. I. Mohyuddin  M. Wysoki 《Phytoparasitica》1998,26(2):129-148

Integrated pest management programs for mango must be based on sampling and on economic thresholds, and must take into account the effects of cultural practices, horticultural sprays and disease control on pest and natural enemy interactions. An analysis of the mass of information available on the different mango pests,viz., fruit flies(Bactrocera sp.,Ceratitis sp.,Anastrepha sp.), mango seed weevil(Sternochetus mangiferae), thrips(Frankliniella spp.), gall midges(Procontarinia sp.), scales, mites and mealybugs is given, as well as different examples for future entomological research.  相似文献   

一种牦牛蚊蝇驱避剂作用效果观察     

杜文力  陈明胜  韩照清 《中国牛业科学》2014,(2):24-26

[目的]为了观察蚊蝇驱避剂对牦牛体表蚊蝇的趋避效果。[方法]选择10头成年牦牛,分为实验组和对照区,实验组使用驱避剂之后,观察比较牦牛体表蚊蝇数目,实验结束时采集牦牛血清检测谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶水平。[结果]表明,实验组牦牛明显不良反应,体表蚊蝇明显少于对照组,蚊蝇趋避效果作用明显,两组牦牛血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶水平无显著差异。[结论]说明牦牛蚊蝇驱避剂能效趋避蚊蝇,可以推广使用。  相似文献   

云南边境检疫性实蝇风险分析研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

蒋小龙 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,24(5):402-405,421

近年来,云南边境口岸检验检疫机关在进境水果和蔬菜中检疫截获实蝇害虫17种,大部分属国家禁止传入的危险性害虫。从截获的批次和数量来看,优势种类有桔小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel)、瓜实蝇（Bactrocera cucurbitae （Coquillett)和南瓜实蝇（Bactrocera tau (Walker)等。针对缅甸、越南、老挝等国家的实蝇种类、云南边境情况、水果和蔬菜类型,结合实蝇的生物学习性,分析实蝇在云南的适生区域和非适生区,并提出检疫措施。  相似文献   

Insecticidal potency of novel compounds on multiple insect species of medical and veterinary importance     

Phillip E Kaufman  Rajinder S Mann  Jerry F Butler 《Pest management science》2011,67(1):26-35

BACKGROUND: Vector‐borne diseases continue to present significant threats to human, animal and plant health. Mosquitoes, houseflies, sand flies and stable flies are well‐known vectors of several human and animal pathogens. The toxicity of selected semiochemicals with molecular structures indicative of insecticidal activity was determined against these insect species with the aim of developing novel insecticides toxic to multiple insect species. RESULTS: Three semiochemicals, namely beta‐damascone, cyclemone A and melafleur, showed remarkable toxicity to three mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti L., Ae. albopictus (Skuse) and Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, the housefly, Musca domestica L., the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans L., and the sand fly, Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar). The chemicals were equally toxic to several field‐collected permethrin‐tolerant housefly strains. When formulated as 500 mL L^?1 emulsifiable concentrates, the chemicals demonstrated stability and toxicity on filter paper and camouflage military fabrics, with persistence up to 8 days under laboratory conditions. The chemicals were equally effective under field conditions when evaluated on unpainted plywood panels, although a higher dosage was required under field conditions to achieve similar efficacy. CONCLUSION: Laboratory quantification of LC₅₀ values and field efficacy of three semiochemicals as formulated compounds on mosquitoes, houseflies, stable flies and sand flies showed that these semiochemicals could serve as potent insecticides for multiple insect species. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

四川大蚊属新种记述（双翅目：大蚊科）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨集昆  杨定 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,13(3):255-257

  相似文献   

World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of ectoparasiticides against biting and nuisance flies on ruminants     

Holdsworth PA  Vercruysse J  Rehbein S  Peter RJ  De Bruin C  Letonja T  Green P;World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,136(1):3-13

These guidelines have been prepared to assist in the planning, conduct and interpretation of studies for the assessment of the efficacy of ectoparasiticides (excluding repellents) against the biting and nuisance dipteran flies of ruminants. Information is provided on the selection of animals, dose determination and dose confirmation studies, field studies, record keeping and result interpretation. These guidelines advocate the use of pen facilities for dose determination and dose confirmation studies. These guidelines also are intended to assist investigators on how to conduct specific studies, to provide specific information for registration authorities involved in the decision-making process, to assist in the approval and registration of new ectoparasiticides, and to facilitate the worldwide adoption of standard procedures.  相似文献   

苦瓜抗瓜实蝇的遗传效应分析     

刘政国  陈勇  王先裕 《广西农学报》2012,27(1):20-21

用新化白苦瓜做母本P（2感虫品种）,广西野生苦瓜做父本P（1抗虫品种）进行杂交获得F1代。F1代分别与P1、P2回交获得两个回交世代B1和B2,同时F1代自交获得F2代。利用以上六个世代进行田间试验,在田间自然虫源条件下,对苦瓜植株果实抗虫性的遗传进行了研究,结果表明苦瓜对瓜实蝇的抗虫性是数量性状的遗传,符合加性-显性遗传模型,抗瓜实蝇的遗传以加性效应为主。  相似文献   

Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Host Status and Relative Infestation of Selected Mango Cultivars in Three Agro Ecological Zones in Uganda     

B. E. Isabirye  A. M. Akol  H. Muyinza  C. Masembe  I. Rwomushana  C. K. Nankinga 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(1):23-41

Despite their economic importance, there is paucity of knowledge on fruit fly host status in Uganda. Therefore, this study set out to profile the host range of the main fruit fly pests and determine the susceptibility of selected fruits and mango cultivars across three main mango agro ecological zones, which included: Western Medium High Altitude Farmlands (WMHF), Lake Victoria Crescent (LVC), and the Northern Moist Farmlands (NMF) in Uganda. A wide range of fruits was sampled across the three zones. These were incubated at the National Agricultural Research Laboratories following standard protocols. Emerging fruit fly species were identified using standard keys and counted. Among the sampled fruits, 633 (35.0%) individual fruits from 15 plant families were positive for fruit fly infestation. Bactrocera invadens dominated (76.3%) of the positive samples, while infestation by native species, such as Ceratitis capitata and Ceratitis cosyra, was negligible. Annonaceae, Solanaceae, Rutaceae, and Anacardiaceae plant families recorded significantly more host species, while the number of pest fruit flies (species richness) per plant species followed a similar trend: Solanaceae > Rutaceae > Anacardiaceae. There was significant (P < 0.0001) variability in infestation among mango fruit cultivars, both within and across zones. When all zones were pooled together, Tommy Atkins and Kent, and Keitt, Kate, and Biire were the least and most infested, respectively. In conclusion, fruit flies have a diverse range of commercial and non-commercial hosts in Uganda. Strategies for fruit fly pest eradication in the country should ensure elimination or management of alternative fruit hosts and integration of tolerant mango cultivars in fruit development programs.  相似文献   

New observation of cone flies attacking cones ofPicea obovata andLarix sibirica in central Siberia     

N. V. Belova  Yu. N. Baranchikov  A. Roques 《林业研究》1998,9(4):256-260

Two species of cone flies (Strobilomyia anthracina andS. svenssoni) emerged from puparia were collected under Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) trees in the central part of the Krasnoyarsk region, central Siberia. Parasites of the Figitidae and Braconidae families emerged from 28.1% of the puparia, and fungal and bacterial diseases destroyed 24.8% of the puparia. Weight and length of the puparia depended on the sanitary status. Two types of cone fly eggs were observed on spruce cones. At least three species ofStrobilomyia (S. Infrequens, S. laricicola, and S. sibirica) attacked cones of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) in central Siberia. (Responsible editor: Zhu Hong)  相似文献