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A. Werner Omazic C. Kronqvist L. Zhongyan H. Martens K. Holtenius 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(2):258-264
This study investigated the fate of glycerol entering the rumen, in particular whether glycerol could be absorbed across the rumen epithelium. Three non‐lactating rumen‐fistulated cows were used to calculate the overall disappearance rate of glycerol in vivo and evaluate the rate of ruminal glycerol absorption. Rumen epithelial tissues isolated from sheep were used to characterise glycerol transport properties. The rate of rumen microbial degradation of glycerol was then studied in an in vitro system under anaerobic and thermo‐regulated conditions. The results showed that glycerol can be absorbed from the rumen in significant amounts. The fractional rate of absorption of glycerol was not affected by variations in glycerol concentration in the buffer solution in the in vivo study. The glycerol absorption apparently occurred largely by passive diffusion and was probably not facilitated by carriers. Glycerol also disappeared via microbial digestion and outflow from the rumen through the omasal orifice. 相似文献
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木薯是热带和亚热带地区重要的粮食和经济作物。木薯种茎是目前唯一的繁殖方式,然而采收后木薯种茎如何应对脱水胁迫及糖代谢基因的表达尚不清楚。本研究通过检测对照组和保水处理组的木薯种茎在采后不同时间点水分和糖分的含量变化来探究离体条件下木薯种茎内糖类发挥的作用。通过检测糖类代谢相关基因的表达来解析不同糖分间的代谢关系及离体种茎的活性状态。结果表明,在保水处理组中随着采后时间的延长,种茎中的果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量先降低后升高,而海藻糖含量变化正好相反。同时,保水处理组的果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量显著高于对照组,而海藻糖含量显著低于对照组。qPCR分析发现,严重的脱水胁迫显著地提高了糖酵解基因的表达。这些结论表明,脱水胁迫显著影响木薯茎中糖类的相互转化。推测脱水胁迫前20 d通过合成海藻糖来响应脱水胁迫,在20~30 d则通过分解海藻糖为木薯种茎提供必要的能量物质。同时本研究通过甘油处理提高了木薯种茎的贮藏时间,为木薯种茎的贮藏提供新的方法。 相似文献
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Theo M. Syahniar Mira Andriani Muhammad Ridla Erika B. Laconi Nahrowi Nahrowi Anuraga Jayanegara 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(3):419-430
This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of glycerine supplementation at various concentrations on performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and product characteristics of beef and dairy cattle in vivo by using a quantitative meta-analysis approach. Meta-analysis was performed by integrating a total of 52 studies from 39 articles and 182 treatments into a database. Data were constructed into an intact database and did not distinguish between beef and dairy cattle, except for the parameters of production performance and product characteristics. Data summarized were analysed by using a statistical meta-analysis that employed a fixed effect of glycerine supplementation level and a random effect of various studies for both beef and dairy cattle. Significance of an effect was stated at the probability level of p < .05, and p < .1 was considered as a tendency of significant. Results revealed that there was a linear decrease on dry matter intake (p < .01) and daily gain (p < .05) of beef cattle with the increasing levels of glycerine supplementation. Glycerine supplementation did not decrease milk production of lactating dairy cows. Molar proportion of acetate in the rumen was decreased (p < .001), whereas propionate and butyrate proportions were increased (both at p < .001) by glycerine supplementation. Generally, glycerine did not change nutrient digestibility except that it reduced fibre digestibility (p < .001). Glycerine supplementation linearly lowered triglyceride and NEFA concentrations (both at p < .05) in the blood serum, but not other blood metabolites. Glycerine tended to linearly increase (p < .1) carcass percentage in beef cattle. Increasing dietary glycerine levels decreased milk fat (p < .01) but elevated milk protein (p < .001). Glycerine tended to increase milk lactose (p < .1) by following a quadratic pattern. The proportion of MUFA was increased quadratically by glycerine supplementation (p < .05), whereas glycerine tended to decrease SFA by following a quadratic pattern (p < .1). 相似文献
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Nar K. Gurung Kweku B. Tuoho Frank W. Abrahamsen Byeng R. Min 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(3):470-477
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding varying levels of crude glycerine (CG) on dry matter intake (DMI), animal performance, carcass traits and rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration in meat goats. Twenty-four intact male Boer goats (23.9 ± 1.0 kg initial BW and 4–5 months of age) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets (n = 6) containing 30% bermudagrass hay plus 70% concentrate mix with 0, 5, 10 or 15% CG in the diet on an as-fed basis, substituted for the corn portion of the concentrate. Feed offered and refusals were monitored daily for 84 days. Goats were weighed at 28-days interval. Blood and rumen samples were collected on day 84. At the end of the 84-days feeding period, goats were harvested, and carcass characteristics measured. Feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), gain-to-feed ratio (G:F), carcass traits and VFA concentrations were analysed as a completely randomized design. The CG did not influence animal body weight (BW) changes, ADG and G:F ratio but tended to (p = 0.06) decrease DMI. Molar per cent propionic acid increased linearly (p < 0.05) with increasing CG. The acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing amounts of CG in the diet. The CG addition tended to increase (p = 0.09) the longissimus muscle (LM area) in meat goats. In conclusion, CG can replace corn in diet for growing meat goats when fed up to 15% of diet, improving ruminal propionate concentration, but decreasing A:P ratio without affecting animal performance and carcass traits. 相似文献
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K. G. Lisenko E. F. Andrade R. V. Lobato D. R. Orlando D. H. C. Damin A. C. Costa R. R. Lima R. R. Alvarenga M. G. Zangeronimo R. V. Sousa L. J. Pereira 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(2):265-272
The use of glycerol in the diets for animals is of interest because it is a residue of biodiesel production and rich in energy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate metabolic and physiological parameters of rats receiving supplemental pure glycerol by gavage. We used 30 Wistar rats (initial weight 202.7 ± 29.98 g) receiving 0 (control/saline), 200, 400, 800 and 1600 mg glycerol/kg of body weight (bidistilled glycerine, 99.85% glycerol) beside food and water ad libitum for 28 days. We used a completely randomised design with five treatments and six replicates. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed, and the results showed that there was no change (p > 0.05) in the intake and excretion of water, the average daily weight gain, dry matter, ash and crude protein in the carcass or plasma triacylglycerols. There was a beneficial effect (p < 0.05) up to a dose of 800 mg/kg glycerol on feed intake, percentage of carcass fat, plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high‐density lipoprotein (HDLc) and low‐/very low‐density lipoprotein (LDLc + VLDLc). The levels of total cholesterol and glucose were increased with up to a dose of 800 mg/kg glycerol (but remained within the normal range); they were reduced with the dose of 1600 mg/kg. The total leucocyte count tended to be reduced, although it was within the reference values for rats. There were no renal or pancreatic lesions. In conclusion, glycerol presented as a safe supplement at the studied doses, even having some beneficial effects in a dose‐dependent manner in rats. 相似文献
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几种不同条件下细菌菌种保存试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索实验室细菌菌种保存方法，通过几种不同条件下细菌菌种保存试验，结果表明冷冻干燥-20℃保存效果最好，但方法复杂；85％甘油生理盐水-20℃保存方法简便，效果良好；普通营养琼脂斜面4℃保存方法简便，但效果较差。 相似文献
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Laura Gusman Soares Fabrício Singaretti de Oliveira Andréa Barros Piazzon de Souza Queiroz Ana Carolina Souza Ramos de Medeiros Antônio Fernando Bariani Junior Alisson Diego Senna Fechis Thiago André Salvitti de Sá Rocha 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):588-593
The use of biological membranes in surgeries is a reality for years, and one of the most used is the bovine pericardium, so the purpose of this research is to describe the bovine pericardium's biomechanics by comparing two directions of a test, one parallel to the longitudinal heart axis and one perpendicular. 20 adult bovine pericardium were tested for the maximum rupture force and rupture elongation, collecting four samples of each pericardium direction. In phase 2, eight pericardia were conserved for 4 months in a 98% glycerine solution, and the solution in which they were submerged was microbiologically analysed monthly. The Mann–Whitney test was used; there was a very significant difference between the perpendicular and parallel groups (p = .0001). The T test showed no significant difference for the rupture elongation (p = .0938). In pericardium preserved in glycerine, the outliers were removed regarding the maximum rupture force, and a Boxcox transformation was performed (λ = 0.25). Outliers were removed for the rupture elongation, and Bartlett's test (p = .7836), and Cramer–Von Mises (p = .5033) were performed and then, the analysis of variance (p < .0001), followed by the Tukey test at 5%. In the microbiological analysis, there was no presence of microorganisms during conservation. The research has shown that the pericardium collection direction influences its resistance and it can be stored in glycerine for 4 months without losing biomechanical characteristics. 相似文献
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