红豆草茬地放牧结合补饲青干草对草地羔羊育肥效果的研究     

符义坤  贾笃敬  李光棣  邓波  温尚文  徐长林 《草业学报》1993,(2)

1986～1987年期间在甘肃农大牧草站进行了以红豆草茬地放牧结合补饲青干草对草地羔羊育肥效果的试验。比较了在放牧基础上3种补饲处理(即单燕麦草、单红豆草和燕麦+红豆草混合干草)对两种类型羔羊(即甘肃高山细毛羊和边甘杂种一代羔羊)增重和肉用性能的影响。试验结果表明,7月龄边甘杂种羔羊或9月龄甘高羔羊的期末活重均已超过35公斤,胴体重超过17公斤,屠宰率为47％～49％。  相似文献   

浅论优质牧草在肉牛饲养中的利用   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

曾兵  张新全  张新跃  兰英 《草业科学》2005,22(8):50-54

针对我国肉牛饲养在饲料利用中的误区,结合肉牛的消化及代谢特点,分析了牧草的鲜喂、青贮、干草饲喂以及综合利用4种不同的利用方式及其营养特点,指出优质牧草用于肉牛饲养能充分发挥牧草的优良特性,而且符合我国畜牧业发展要求,值得广泛推广.  相似文献   

毕节地区干草调制研究     

许留兴  熊康宁  张锦华  刘成名  池永宽 《草业科学》2015,32(6):1017-1026

中国南方喀斯特地区干草调制受限于诸多自然因素,客观上阻碍了该类地区草食畜牧业的发展,本研究在喀斯特典型地区贵州毕节撒拉溪示范区选取扁穗雀麦(Bromus cartharticus)、高羊茅(Festuca elata)、鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)、菊苣(Cichorium intybus)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)、红三叶(T.pratense)、多年生黑麦(Lolium perenne)8种牧草进行田间自然晾晒,记录各时间段牧草的重量、空气温度和湿度,并对历年该地区气候进行浅析,重点分析近3年来4、5、6、7月份的最高温和最低温变化,通过对该地区8种主要栽培牧草的干燥过程和水分散失规律的研究,结合多年降水和气温变化规律,分析该地区调制干草的可行性,以期为喀斯特地区畜牧业的发展提供一些数据支撑。结果表明,1)4种禾本科牧草的干燥速率明显优于3种豆科牧草和菊苣;2)从外观评价角度出发,白三叶、红三叶、菊苣均不适合进行牧草晾晒;3)在选择的影响指标中,对干草晾晒的影响程度表现为晾晒时间空气湿度温度;4)综合分析各气候因子,在贵州毕节地区7月份最适合进行干草调制;5)干草调制具备可观的经济收益。  相似文献   

草业科学在现代马业发展中的研究现状     

夏方山  ;闫慧芳  ;支树立  ;毛培胜 《中国养羊》2014,(4):58-62

马是人类社会发展的重要组成部分,人类种草养马历史悠久,但人们对马用饲草的认识和研究还不足,致使现代马业和草业科学发展存在严重脱节现象,影响了两者的可持续发展。因此,结合现代马业发展趋势及其对饲草的利用特点,综述了草地放牧、青干草、青贮及半干青贮饲草等在现代马业发展中的研究与实践现状,并提出了现代马业发展中草业科学存在的问题及建议,以期为保障现代马业的可持续发展提供理论指导,为拓展我国现代草业科学与技术发展空间提供参考。  相似文献   

平托花生草粉替代不同比例精料喂兔效果研究     

黄秀声  郑仲登  应朝阳  唐龙飞  黄勤楼 《家畜生态》2011,(3):35-39

为研究平托花生草粉替代不同比例精料饲喂新西兰大白兔生长效果,用平托花生草粉分别替代10%、15%、20%精料与对照（CK）共4个处理组。经45 d喂养试验,结果表明在日增重、屠体品质方面与全精料饲喂的对照组差异不显著,其中平托花生草粉替代10%精料的处理Ⅰ肉兔生长速度最快,日增重达22.56 g/d,料肉比为2.51∶1;在兔肉氨基酸含量方面,利用平托花生草粉分别替代10%、20%和30%的精料处理的兔肉氨基酸总量分别为68.91%、70.97%、68.51%,与全部精料饲喂的对照相比,替代20%精料的处理在氨基酸总量和人体必需氨基酸含量方面都得到了不同程度的提高;在经济效益方面,替代10%的精料,提高经济效益7.49%。说明可以利用平托花生草粉替代部分精料,达到同样的饲养效果,并节约饲粮,其中以平托花生草粉替代10%的处理饲养效果最好。  相似文献   

113份饲草型六倍体小黑麦种质饲草产量与品质性状的评价     

王珊珊  谷海涛  谢慧芳  何绍冬  甘长波  卫小勇  孔广超 《草业学报》2023,32(1):192-202

种质资源是遗传研究与作物改良的基础。饲草产量与品质是决定饲草型小黑麦品种利用价值的重要指标。本研究以113份国内外小黑麦种质为材料，通过2年田间种植，对其饲草产量与品质性状进行了分析与评价。结果表明参试小黑麦种质的饲草产量及其品质性状存在极显著差异，其单株鲜草产量分别为36.000～111.560 g与36.310～159.780 g，单株干草产量分别为12.000～27.000 g与9.150～30.150 g，鲜干比分别为2.380～4.370与2.610～6.210，饲草粗蛋白含量分别为6.894%～13.259%与6.680%～14.304%，饲草中性洗涤纤维含量分别为48.480%～74.850%与53.850%～67.980%，酸性洗涤纤维含量分别为26.600%～42.780%与29.000%～39.280%，饲草的相对饲用价值分别为69.650～128.150与79.840～113.170。饲草产量与品质性状的多样性指数范围为1.974～2.075。主成分分析表明，饲草纤维品质因子、饲草产量因子与综合品质因子为前3个主成分，其累计贡献率为82.198%。依据单株干草产量...  相似文献   

景泰绿洲3种小谷物的产草量与牧草营养成分预测     

段倩雯  成慧  侯扶江 《草业科学》2016,33(10):2041-2053

为了预测景泰绿洲春小麦(Triticum aestivum)、燕麦(Avena sativa)、黑麦(Secale cereale)的产草量和营养品质,通过田间试验,测得牧产草量、株高和分蘖,室内测定粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分和可溶性碳水化合物,分析各指标之间的相关性。结果表明,收获干草的3种小谷物分蘖和株高均与可溶性碳水化合物之外其它5个营养指标存在显著相关性(P0.05),模拟轮牧的春小麦和黑麦株高与营养指标均无相关性(P0.05),燕麦和黑麦的分蘖与6个营养指标均呈显著相关(P0.05)。建立了根据株高预测产草量和营养品质的模型、用分蘖预测牧草营养品质的模型、用产草量预测牧草营养品质的模型、用分蘖和产草量两个因子综合预测营养品质的模型。经过与实测值对比,各预测模型的准确性均较高。  相似文献   

Effect of hay type on cecal and fecal microbiome and fermentation parameters in horses     

Rachel J Sorensen  James S Drouillard  Teresa L Douthit  Qinghong Ran  Douglas G Marthaler  Qing Kang  Christopher I Vahl  James M Lattimer 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(1)

The effect of hay type on the microbiome of the equine gastrointestinal tract is relatively unexplored. Our objective was to characterize the cecal and fecal microbiome of mature horses consuming alfalfa or Smooth Bromegrass (brome) hay. Six cecally cannulated horses were used in a split-plot design run as a crossover in two periods. The whole plot treatment was ad libitum access to brome or alfalfa hay fed over two 21-d acclimation periods with subplots of sampling location (cecum and rectum) and sampling hour. Each acclimation period was followed by a 24-h collection period where cecal and fecal samples were collected every 3 h for analysis of pH and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Fecal and cecal samples were pooled and sent to a commercial lab (MR DNA, Shallowater, TX) for the amplification of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and sequenced using Illumina HiSeq. The main effects of hay on VFA, pH, and taxonomic abundances were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 with fixed effects of hay, hour, location, period, and all possible interactions and random effect of horse. Alpha and beta diversities were analyzed using the R Dame package. Horses fed alfalfa had greater fecal than cecal pH (P ≤ 0.05), whereas horses fed brome had greater cecal than fecal pH (P ≤ 0.05). Regardless of hay type, total VFA concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in the cecum than in feces, and alfalfa resulted in greater (P ≤ 0.05) VFA concentrations than brome in both sampling locations. Alpha diversity was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in fecal compared with cecal samples. Microbial community structure within each sampling location and hay type differed from one another (P ≤ 0.05). Bacteroidetes were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in the cecum compared with the rectum, regardless of hay type. Firmicutes and Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in the feces compared with cecal samples of alfalfa-fed horses. In all, fermentation parameters and bacterial abundances were impacted by hay type and sampling location in the hindgut.  相似文献   

苜蓿干草添加剂研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王成杰  周禾  汪诗平 《中国畜牧杂志》2005,41(1):41-43

苜蓿干草在高水分打捆贮藏时添加有机酸、胺类化合物和生物制剂等添加剂可以有效地抑制微生物的生长繁殖 ,缩短干燥时间 ,避免低水分牧草在打捆时的叶片脱落 ,是减少调制过程中营养物质的损失 ,保证苜蓿干草质量的有效措施。  相似文献   

Effects of Supplementing a Basal Diet of Chloris gayana Hay with One of Three Protein-rich Legume Hays of Cassia rotundifolia,Lablab purpureus and Macroptilium atropurpureum Forage on Some Nutritional Parameters in Goats     

Mupangwa JF  Ngongoni NT  Topps JH  Hamudikuwanda H 《Tropical animal health and production》2000,32(4):245-256

Growth and digestibility experiments were conducted on growing East African type goats offered Chloris gayana hay supplemented with one of three high-protein (119–128 g CP/kg DM) legume hays, Cassia rotundifolia (cassia), Lablab purpureus (lablab) or Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro), and crushed maize to investigate the feed intake, digestibility, growth and urinary excretion of purine derivatives. Goats in the supplemented groups had higher total dry matter and nitrogen intakes and higher N retention and body mass gains than unsupplemented counterparts. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre were increased by protein supplementation. Animals on supplemented diets had higher fractional outflow rates of particulate matter from the rumen. The production of protein by ruminal microbes and the efficiency of microbial N production were increased by supplementation. It was concluded that a mixture of low-quality grass hay (61.9 CP/kg DM) and either cassia, lablab or siratro hay, and maize grain can provide a productive balanced diet for growing goats.  相似文献