湟源县草地资源基本特点及开发利用     

殷咸芳  刘志林 《青海草业》2001,10(4):21-22,15

湟源县草地面积有 85 1 85 .1 3hm2 ,占全县土地总面积的 5 6.45 % ,草地资源丰富 ,牧草种类较多 ,农业生产秸秆来源广泛 ,但由于利用不当 ,造成了草地严重破坏和秸秆的浪费 ,如何合理利用草地和秸秆资源 ,扼制草地退化 ,是促进该县畜牧业发展的重要因素  相似文献   

野大麦人工栽培驯化试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董卫民  李阜憬 《草业科学》1992,9(5):38-39

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Spring Barley Responses to Row Spacing and Fungicide Triadimefon in Regions with a Short Crop-growing Season     

S. Leibovitch    B. L. Ma    Wanga E.  Maloba D. L. Smith 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1992,169(3):209-215

Aspects of intensive management practices such as high-yielding cultivars, narrow-row spacings and fungicide treatments could potentially increase cereal yields in regions with a short crop-growing season and occasionally dry and hot weather. A field experiment was carried out at McGill University, Canada for three years (1987 to 1989) to test the effects of triadimefon (1-[4-chlorophenoxy]-3,3-dimethyl-1-[1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-butanone, or Bayleton, a trade name) fungicide (0 vs. 140 g a.i. ha⁻¹) and row spacing (10 vs. 20 cm) on the yield components, yield and other agronomic traits (spike emergence, days to maturity, leaf disease and plant height) of spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Cadette, Laurier and Leger. A cultivar by row spacing interaction resulted in a 11 to 13.5 % increase in grain yield due to narrow rows for Laurier in two out of the three years and up to 16 % for Leger in one year. Over the three years grain yields were on average increased 6 to 12 % due to use of the narrower row spacing. Fungicide application to barley at the early heading stage effectively controlled leaf diseases without influence on yield components or grain yield. Our results indicate that some components of intensive management such as narrow row spacing can be applicable in regions with a short crop-growing season.  相似文献   

生化处理对玉米秸颗粒饲料营养价值的影响研究     

蒋林树 陈斌王晓霞  吴跃明闰伟杰 刘建新 《饲料与畜牧》2004,(1):18-20

以玉米秸秆为主要原料，通过添加不同比例的化学处理剂和营养强化剂，调制出5种玉米秸颗粒。对照组由玉米秸添加2％膨润土调制而成；试验组分别为：添加化学处理剂(石灰 尿素，以玉米秸DM计)4 0％(处理Ⅰ)、0 4％(处理Ⅱ)、2 2％(处理Ⅲ)和2 2％(处理Ⅳ)，同时在处理Ⅳ中再添加4％营养强化剂。采用Menke的人工瘤胃产气法评定不同玉米秸处理的体外消化率和营养价值。结果表明，处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的粗蛋白质含量明显高于处理Ⅰ和对照；处理Ⅰ、Ⅳ的NDF含量比对照分别降低了7、12％；各处理的ADF含量均比对照组明显降低，并以处理Ⅳ的下降幅度最大，达31．1％。各处理的体外产气量和产气速度均高于对照组，其中以处理Ⅳ的产气速度最快，其快速产气量(a)略高于对照，b的产气速度常数c比对照提高19．3％。相应地，处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的估测有机物消化率(OMD)均比对照有明显提高，其中处理Ⅳ的OMD最高，其次为处理Ⅱ，分别比对照(46％)提高19、13％，但处理Ⅰ无明显效应。表明用4％尿素处理可以明显改善玉米秸处理的化学组成和有机物质消化率，其效果优于2％石灰 2％尿素或单纯石灰处理，若将化学处理与营养强化剂结合使用，则可获得更好的处理效果。  相似文献   

影响啤酒大麦种子发芽整齐度的因素     

殷琛  张国平 《大麦与谷类科学》2001,(1):20-22

综述影响啤酒大麦种子发芽整齐度的因素 ,着重介绍了品种、籽粒整齐度 (包括粒重和粒位 )对发芽整齐度的影响 ,旨在为培育优质啤酒大麦提供借鉴。  相似文献   

覆盖免耕在休闲期的节水和生育期的调温效应   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

姚宝林  景明  施炯林 《甘肃农业大学学报》2005,40(2):208-211

对免耕覆盖、秸秆还田和常规耕作在休闲期的节水效果研究表明:在夏季休闲期,免耕覆盖比常规耕作多贮水30.62mm,比秸秆还田多23.91mm;在冬季储水灌溉期间,可将储水定额从2100m3/hm2减少到600和975m3/hm2。对春小麦生育期土壤表层,5、10、15、20和25cm处温度变化观测发现:免耕覆盖土壤温度在气温较低的8:00可以提高土壤表层温度,在气温较高的14:00可以减缓土壤温度的升高,而在19:00气温降低时可以减缓土壤温度的降低,使土壤温度一直保持在一个稳定的状态,这有利于调节农田小气候,创造作物良好的生长环境。  相似文献   

草菇栽培原料发酵剂菌株的筛选及应用初探     

黄福常  覃培升  韦玉高  冯威梦 《中国食用菌》2005,24(2):21-25

从广西军区食用菌生产基地、广西大学微生物厂、广西大学牧场等地采集的样品中分离得到多株菌株。再从耐热、耐碱、产酶能力及营养物综合利用等方面考查各菌株，最终筛选得到理想的放线菌1株、细菌3株组成发酵剂菌株，并用于栽培原料发酵后栽培草菇。实验结果显示：加入该菌剂的料堆27h后温度可升至65℃，此时对照55℃，环境40℃，草菇生物学效率比对照提高了4.76％至7．56％。  相似文献   

Differential effects of -mannose and 2-deoxy- -glucose on attempted powdery mildew fungal infection of inappropriate and appropriate ramineae     

R. J. Zeyen  W. M. Kruger  M. F. Lyngkjr  T. L. W. Carver 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2002,61(6)

Barley, oat and wheat were used as both inappropriate hosts (IH) and appropriate hosts (AH) for three formae speciales of the fungus Blumeria graminis, the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. Treatment with either the glucose analog 2-deoxy- -glucose (DDG) or with -mannose dramatically suppressed penetration resistance in IH and to a much lesser extent in AH combinations. Other effects of DDG and -mannose were strikingly dissimilar. DDG greatly reduced localized autofluorescence at fungal attack sites on epidermal cells, and prevented hypersensitive epidermal cell death (HR). -mannose had little effect on autofluorescence or HR. DDG arrested the development of fungal haustoria and apparently prohibited biotrophy leading to secondary hyphae. -mannose allowed haustorial development and functional biotrophy leading to the production of elongating secondary hyphae. This suggests that B. graminis is in some way capable of utilizing -mannose as a carbon substrate. Results with IH combinations paralleled those of known mlo -barley responses to DDG and -mannose. Results are discussed in relation to specific physiological processes known to be influenced by either DDG or by -mannose, or by both compounds.  相似文献   

晋南冬麦区大麦黄矮病毒流行株系监测及防治策略探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘艳  钱幼亭  梁影屏 《植物保护学报》2002,29(4):300-304

连续5年(1996～2000年)采集晋南冬麦区小麦黄矮病标样,采用生物学和血清学(酶联免疫吸附法)相结合的诊断方法对该地区的大麦黄矮病毒流行株系进行了鉴别。结果表明,该小麦黄矮病流行区近五年以GAV株系为主流株系,兼有少量GPV、PAV和混合株系存在。同时对小麦抗黄矮病新品种“临抗1号”进行了GPV和GAV两种株系的抗性测定,明确了该品种兼抗GPV和GAV两种株系。根据小麦黄矮病发生现状,提出了一套以选育推广抗耐病品种为主,以药剂防治为辅的综合防治措施。以期为当地小麦生产服务。  相似文献   

青藏高原东北部酸模属植物种子萌发特性的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张文静 《青海草业》2004,13(1):2-5,9

研究了青藏高原东北部高寒地区蓼科酸模属(Rumex)5种植物种子特征，结果表明发芽温度范围、发芽适温、发芽所需的天数以及发芽率对种子萌发特性有不同的影响。  相似文献