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南大洋是地球上最冷的水域,水温常年在0℃以下,许多生物在南大洋降温过程中走向灭绝,而南极鱼亚目鱼类在南大洋逐渐变冷过程中快速进化,成为冰冻海域最繁盛的脊椎动物.随着越来越多的南极亚目鱼类基因组完成测序和分析,人们对这些鱼类在冰冻环境下生存和繁衍机制的认识也越来越深入和全面.本文从抗冻蛋白的起源、血液发生、抗过氧化机制、... 相似文献
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微粒蒙脱石对猪组织铅水平、红细胞生成和肝脏ALA-D酶活性及铅诱导的脂质过氧化的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
选60头体质量约33kg的“杜长大”杂交猪，随机分成2组，每组3个重复，一组饲以基础日粮＋10mg/kg铅＋0.5％微粒蒙脱石，另一组饲以基础日粮＋10mg／kg铅作为对照。研究结果表明：添加微粒蒙脱石组与对照组相比，明显降低了猪全血、脑、肝、肾、骨和毛等组织中铅含量：通过血细胞计数、血红素和血球容积测定表明，添加微粒蒙脱石组的红细胞生成显著增高，且肝脏中ALA—D酶活性显著提高。铅对肝脏的损伤作用明显。表现为丙二醛（MDA）含量显著升高（17．08％），过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）含量分别降低85．73％、52．17％、47．56％，而在日粮中添加微粒蒙脱石可以显著改善铅诱导的上述损伤。结果提示，微粒蒙脱石对铅中毒有潜在的治疗作用。 相似文献
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Nonregenerative immune‐mediated anemia associated with a diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in a captive jaguar (Panthera onca) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Monika A. Keresztes Manfred Henrich Penelope Baloi Sascha Gerst Jens‐Christian Rudnick Judith Langenstein Andreas Moritz Natali Bauer 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(4):597-604
An 18‐year‐old male castrated jaguar (Panthera onca) was presented with anorexia and continuous bleeding from the oral cavity after a history of fighting with the partner animal. Clinical evaluation revealed ulcerating lesions on the gingiva and hard palate and a hematoma on the tongue. Computed tomography of the head and endoscopic examination of the esophagus and stomach were unremarkable. Hematology and clinical chemistry revealed severe nonregenerative anemia, mild thrombocytopenia, and moderate azotemia. Several PCRs for feline hemotropic mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma haemofelis, M heamominutium, M turicensis), Babesia felis, and Bartonella spp., as well as an FeLV antigen test were negative. The cytologic examination of a bone marrow aspirate was consistent with ineffective erythropoiesis, most likely due to immune‐mediated destruction of the erythroid precursor cells. Prednisolone therapy was initiated (1.25 mg/kg/day), and the CBC returned to normal 16 days after the initiation of the therapy. Anemia relapsed after 4 months and severe splenomegaly was noted. A repeat bone marrow aspirate revealed active erythropoiesis in the presence of erythroid precursor phagocytosis suggesting an immune‐mediated process. Splenic fine‐needle aspiration and tissue biopsies were taken, and all findings including histology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with a diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Five days later, the clinical condition deteriorated and the jaguar died. Histopathology following necropsy showed infiltration with neoplastic lymphoblasts in the spleen, liver, and abdominal lymph nodes. This case report describes a nonregenerative immune‐mediated anemia associated with a DLBCL in a jaguar. 相似文献
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Webb TL Burnett RC Avery AC Olver CS 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(4):424-432
Background: Characterization of anemia in horses presents a challenge, as they do not release reticulocytes into peripheral blood. Transferrin receptor (TfR) expression is highest on erythroid cells in people and rats, and measurement of a soluble serum form (sTfR) is used to quantify erythropoiesis in these species. We hypothesized that equine TfR (eTfR) expression is similar in quantity and distribution to that in these other species and thus has potential for characterization of the regenerative response in anemic horses. Objective: This study was conducted to clone and sequence the eTfR gene and measure expression levels using quantitative real‐time PCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Methods: Total RNA from equine bone marrow was used to produce cDNA. The eTfR gene was amplified using pooled gene‐specific primers, and PCR products were sequenced. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends was used to obtain the first 22 nucleotides of the coding sequence. Quantitative PCR was performed using eTfR gene‐specific primers, and IHC staining was used to localize TfR protein expression. Results: The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence (767 aa) of the eTfR was 75–83% identical with sequences of the receptor in several other mammals. As in people and rats, eTfR mRNA expression was highest in the bone marrow, and distribution in other tissues was also similar. Conclusion: The eTfR gene is similar to that of other mammals in structure and expression levels. We hypothesize that it is also similar in function and that, following development of an immunoassay, determining sTfR concentrations will be useful for identifying the regenerative response in anemic horses. 相似文献
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Martin G. Randell Nandhakumar Balakrishnan Rebekah Gunn‐Christie Andrew Mackin Edward B. Breitschwerdt 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2018,47(1):45-50
Ineffective erythropoiesis was diagnosed in an 8‐year‐old male castrated Labrador Retriever. Despite treatment with immunosuppressive therapy for suspected immune‐mediated erythrocyte maturation arrest, resolution of the nonregenerative anemia was not achieved. Following documentation of Bartonella henselae bacteremia by Bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM) enrichment blood culture, immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued, and the anemia resolved following prolonged antibiotic therapy. Bartonella immunofluorescent antibody testing was negative, whereas B henselae western blot was consistently positive. The contribution of B henselae bacteremia to ineffective erythropoiesis remains unknown; however, the potential role of B henselae in the pathophysiology of bone marrow dyscrasias warrants additional investigation. 相似文献
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百脉根是研究豆科植物根瘤形成和共生固氮分子机理的一种重要模式植物.为探索百脉根根瘤的形成机制,以EMS诱导野生MG-20突变并筛选的No.1006,No.486和No.2568等3种无效根瘤突变体为材料,测定其突变体植株生物量、根瘤数及固氮能,并对无效根瘤中根瘤菌感染的细胞进行电镜观察.结果表明:No.1006是根瘤原基突变体,No.486是白色无效根瘤突变体,No.2568是绿色无效根瘤突变体;这3种无效根瘤突变体植株生长至30d时,根瘤数和固氮能以及株高、地上部干质量、根干质量和根长等生物量与MG-20野生株差异无统计学意义(p0.05),但生长至40d开始均显著低于野生株(p0.05).No.486的白色无效根瘤和No.2568的绿色无效根瘤,经切片后在电镜下观察,无效根瘤细胞均存在不同程度的破坏;其中No.2568的绿色无效根瘤的细胞和由根瘤菌转化来的类菌体的破坏程度远大于No.486的白色根瘤. 相似文献
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Makoto Akiyoshi Masaharu Hisasue Sakurako Neo Masami Akiyoshi 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2021,50(1):151-157
A 12‐year‐old spayed female Shiba Inu dog was referred to our hospital for a suspected mast cell tumor (MCT) of the bone marrow (BM). Laboratory abnormalities included severe nonregenerative anemia (packed cell volume or PCV: 12.5%; reference interval (RI): 37.3‐61.7%; reticulocytes: 35.1 × 103/µL; RI: 10‐110 × 103/µL), and a few mast cells were visualized in the blood smear examination. The BM was hypercellular with hematopoietic cells, a decreased myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratio (0.77; RI, 0.9‐1.8), and no dysplastic hematopoietic cells. Mast cells accounted for 11.5% of the total nucleated BM cells. Neoplastic mast cells and histiocytes phagocytizing erythroid progenitor cells were occasionally noted. The dog was diagnosed with precursor‐targeted immune‐mediated anemia (PIMA) concurrent and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM. Multimodal treatment included toceranib, imatinib, vinblastine, lomustine (CCNU), prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and a blood transfusion. The dog died due to MCT progression lasting 139 days after the initial BM examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a dog presenting with PIMA and a stage IV MCT infiltrating the BM. 相似文献