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A. B. M. Rijkenhuizen G. Nohl F. Jaek-Lutz V. Sill 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(3):e110-e115
This case report describes the clinical appearance, diagnosis and surgical management of thrombosis of the median artery and its branches in a gelding. The 4-year-old Danish Warmblood presented with acute severe progressive right front leg lameness, not responding to painkillers. Initial clinical examination including radiographs revealed no significant findings, and a scintigraphic examination showed decreased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the right front toe in comparison to the left limb. The following day, the temperature of the right front leg was significantly decreased, especially in the area distal to the carpus. No pulsation of the digital arteries could be detected. Ultrasonography showed partial thrombosis of the medial digital artery (A. digitalis palmaris medialis). Occlusion of this artery is a sporadic event with impressive clinical signs and might not be directly diagnosed due to it being a rare occurrence. Ultrasound is an excellent technique for diagnosing the presence of thrombosis and can also help delineate the extent. Our case did not respond to the initial treatment with phenylbutazone and acetylsalicylic acid. The ischaemia became even worse, requiring surgical intervention. A similar approach as for the aorta-iliac thrombosis in the hindlimb was undertaken in the front limb, which has not been described previously. The gelding recovered initially. Unfortunately, restenosis occurred and due to a poor prognosis for a second surgery, the gelding was euthanised. 相似文献
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D. E. Freeman 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(1):45-48
Based on available evidence, the embolisation methods guided by fluoroscopy (nitinol plugs and transarterial coil embolisation) are preferred when available to occlude the bleeding artery in horses with guttural pouch mycosis. All attempts should be made to submit suitable candidates to hospitals with the necessary equipment and expertise for these procedures. However, when this opportunity is not available, the nondetachable balloon catheter could still offer a viable and effective alternative. Although the risk of surgical site infection is a delayed complication of this method, risk of infection can be reduced by planned removal at 10–14 days after catheter placement. 相似文献
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Reasons for performing study: Aortoiliac thrombosis (AIT) is a progressive vascular disease characterised by an exercise‐induced hindlimb lameness. After developing a surgical technique, a follow‐up study was required. Objectives: To assess the surgical results of a surgical thrombectomy in horses with AIT, a chronic arterial occlusive disease of the aorta and its caudal arteries. Methods: Seventeen cases showed the typical signs of AIT and diagnosis was confirmed by Doppler‐ultrasonography. Average age of the horses was 12 years. Seven stallions, 6 mares and 4 geldings were included. Results: The thrombus was located in the left hindlimb (5 cases), the right hindlimb (9 cases) or in both hindlimbs (3 cases). Two cases were operated on both limbs with a few days between surgeries. Nine (53%) horses regained their athletic performance and 2 horses were able to work for at least 30 min without complaint, instead of the initial 5 min prior to surgery. During surgery one horse had to be subjected to euthanasia because the thrombus was too tightly attached to the arterial wall and could not be removed. Two horses were subjected to euthanasia post operatively due to severe myopathy and one due to a femoral fracture during recovery. Two reocclusions of the treated artery occurred 4 months after surgical intervention: one horse was reoperated and, due to the extent of the thrombus and quality of the arterial wall, the horse was subjected to euthanasia; the other horse was subjected to euthanasia without a second surgery. A severe complication was the appearance of AIT in the contralateral limb after surgery as result of occlusion caused by an embolus loosened by the procedure. Post anaesthetic myopathy was seen in 4 (24%) of the cases and could be so severe that euthanasia had to be considered. Conclusion and potential relevance: Surgical intervention by means of a thrombectomy in horses with AIT should be considered; 65% of the horses regained athletic activity and 53% of the operated horses in this study performed at their previous level. Adequate padding, correct positioning, prevention of intraoperative hypotension and keeping surgery time as short as possible, are important parameters to prevent post operative myopathy. 相似文献
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A. A. Horbal R. J. M. Reardon T. Froydenlund R. C. Jago P. M. Dixon 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(10):523-529
Due to their long hypsodont reserve crowns, extraction of equid cheek teeth can be difficult and result in more complications than the extraction of their shorter brachydont counterparts although the more recent resumption of oral extraction has greatly reduced such complications. The more common post-extraction sequelae in equids include non-healing alveoli due to retained dental or alveolar sequestrae which may lead to oromaxillary or oronasal fistula formation, chronic external sinus tract formation or osteomyelitis of the supporting bones. Collateral damage to adjacent teeth has also occasionally been reported during dental repulsion. Systemic complications following equine cheek tooth extraction have been infrequently described, including a small number of cases of exodontia-related bacterial meningioencephalitis. This is surprising, as dental manipulation can lead to bacteraemia in many species, including horses. Infections at distant sites related to the spread of dental pathogens have been well described in humans and in small animals. This report describes deep abscessation of the masseter muscles followed by extensive thrombophlebitis of the jugular, facial and rostral cervical veins following oral cheek tooth extraction in a pony affected by pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) that was successfully treated by abscess drainage and thrombectomy of the affected veins. 相似文献
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