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The distribution of the northern brown bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus), a medium-sized ground-dwelling marsupial, was examined in habitat fragments within the urban landscape of the city of Brisbane,
Australia. From surveys conducted in 68 fragments, bandicoots were found to be present in 33 (49%) despite widespread habitat
loss and fragmentation. Logistic regression analysis revealed that of 13 measured independent variables, functional connectivity
was the only factor that significantly predicted the presence of bandicoots within fragments, with connectivity positively
correlated with the likelihood of occupation. Functional connectivity was equated to the likelihood of bandicoot immigration
into the focal fragment from the nearest occupied fragment, based on the estimated resistance to movement offered by the intervening
matrix. Within Brisbane, riparian habitat fragments typically have a relatively high level of functional connectivity, as
thin strips of vegetation fringing waterways serve as corridors between larger riparian areas and facilitate the movement
of bandicoots between patches. Analyses based on the Akaike Information Criterion revealed that the optimal model based on
landscape context variables was convincingly better supported by the data than the optimal model produced from fragment characteristics.
However, it is important to examine both internal attributes of habitat fragments and external features of the surrounding
landscape when modelling the distribution of ground-dwelling fauna in urban environments, or other landscapes with a highly
variable matrix. As urban centres throughout the world expand, it is crucial that the ecology of local wildlife be considered
to ensure functional connection is maintained between habitat patches, especially for the conservation of species that are
highly susceptible to fragmentation. 相似文献
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The western barred bandicoot was reintroduced to the Australian mainland in 1995 after an absence of at least 60 years. The new population was derived from 14 animals, reintroduced to Heirisson Prong from Dorre Island in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Introduced predators (the European red fox and the feral cat) were controlled at the reintroduction site, but European rabbits were not. A large fenced area of natural vegetation within the reintroduction site was used as a secure refuge from mammalian predators. Bandicoots were released from this predator refuge to the 12 km2 conservation site. Dispersal from the point of free release was minimal. The reintroduced population has persisted for 4 years and increased, with at least 175 bandicoots recruited to the population in this time. The recapture rate of marked bandicoots was low, suggesting that adult mortality was high. Reproductive output at Heirisson Prong appeared greater than that of the two surviving wild populations on Bernier and Dorre Islands. Litter size was similar, but there was an extended annual breeding season at the reintroduction site. Body condition of reintroduced and wild bandicoots were similar, although there was some indication that reintroduced males may have been in poorer condition than their island counterparts. The litter size of bandicoots increased with a decrease in rabbit abundance, however, bandicoots were able to reproduce, maintain condition, and sustain recruitment to allow the population to increase despite the presence of rabbits. Two fox incursions occurred during the 4-year period of establishment, and feral cats were present on occasion in low numbers. Feral cats may be responsible for a lower rate of population increase than that observed on predator-free Dorre Island. Ongoing predator control is essential for any mainland reintroduction of bandicoots. 相似文献
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