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排序方式: 共有253条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,79(2):58-63
The effects of exposure of human erythrocytes to different concentrations of Roundup Ultra 360 SL and its active compound glyphosate were studied. We studied hemolysis after 1, 5, and 24 h incubation; lipid peroxidation, hemoglobin oxidation, the level of reduced glutathione, and the activity of catalase after 1 h. Human erythrocytes were incubated with 100-1500 ppm (100 μg/ml erythrocytes at 5% hematocrite) Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate. We have found that after 1 h of incubation only Roundup Ultra 360 SL increased the level of methemoglobin, products of lipid peroxidation at 500 ppm and hemolysis at 1500 ppm [Curr. Top. Biophys. 26 (2002) 245], while its active compound glyphosate increased the level of methemoglobin and the level of lipid peroxidation at much higher dose—1000 ppm. At the same time hemolysis was observed to only at the highest dose of glyphosate (1500 ppm) and the longest time of incubation (24 h). Both Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate did not cause statistically significant changes in the level of GSH, but increased the activity of catalase. Roundup Ultra 360 SL provokes more changes in the function of erythrocytes than its active substance glyphosate, which is probably a result of the properties of additives. Taking into account the limited accumulation of Roundup Ultra 360 SL and glyphosate in the organism as well as the fact that the threshold doses which caused changes in erythrocytes for Roundup Ultra 360 SL were only 500 and 1000 ppm for glyphosate, one may conclude that this pesticide is safe towards human erythrocytes. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to assess the influence of an asymptomatic experimental infection by Babesia bigemina on cholinesterase’s as markers of the inflammatory process and biomarkers of oxidative imbalance. For this purpose, eight naive animals were used, as follows: four as controls or uninfected; and four infected with an attenuated strain of B. bigemina. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 7 and 11 post-inoculation (PI). Parasitemia was determined by blood smear evaluation, showing that the infection by B. bigemina resulted in mean 0.725 and 0.025% on day 7 and 11 PI, respectively, as well as mild anemia. The activities of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and catalase were lower, while levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and superoxide dismutase activity were higher in infected animals, when compared with the control group. This attenuated strain of B. bigemina induced an oxidative stress condition, as well as it reduces the cholinesterasés activity in infected and asymptomatic cattle. Therefore, this decrease of cholinesterase in infection by B. bigemina purpose is to inhibit inflammation, for thereby increasing acetylcholine levels, potent anti-inflammatory molecules. 相似文献
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The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of
a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total
tissue organ cadmium concentration followed the pattern kidney > gill > liver > muscle for each of the exposure concentrations.
The levels of Cd in these organs were higher than those in ambient water. Moreover, while the rate of uptake of Cd increased
with time in the kidney, liver and muscle, it decreased in the gill. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly elevated
only in the kidney of catfish treated with 0.2 and 0.4 ppm of Cd for 7 days compared with the control. Conversely, gill SOD
was significantly decreased in the same concentrations of Cd-treated catfish relative to the control. Statistically similar
levels of SOD were observed in the liver, brain and muscle with all the treatments after the same duration of treatment. In
the fish exposed for 21 days, SOD activity was significantly decreased in the kidney with a corresponding increase in lipid
peroxidation (LPO), but it manifested only with the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm Cd treatment relative to the control. In the liver, however,
Cd exposure significantly increased SOD in the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm treatments of the same duration. In conclusion, the present
study indicates that the accumulation of Cd and its effect on SOD and LPO in C. gariepinus is dependent on concentration, tissue and time 相似文献
5.
茶树保护性酶类与抗寒性的关系 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
越冬期间对6个无性系成龄茶树的成熟叶片进行低温处理后,测定其保护性酶类活性及其同工酶的变化。结果表明:抗性强的品系 SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性能维持较高水平;SOD、POX(过氧化物酶)同工酶总活性及谱带数目明显强于和多于弱的品系,出现明显下降的温度则低于弱的品系。因此探讨保护性酶类与抗寒性的关系具有重要意义。 相似文献
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水稻对紫外光B辐射增强的生化适应机制 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
水稻品种1R68和Dular生长在室外条件下,在以自然条件(6.0),13.0和19.1kJm^-1day^-1(分别模拟臭氧浓度下降20%和40%时的UV-B强度)的紫外光B(UV-B280~320nm)进行二周与四周的辐射处理,研究UV-B对水稻叶片内一些生化指标的影响,研究结果表明,UV-B辐射增强诱导了二个水稻品种对叶片内吸收UV的类黄酮化俣物的积累,同时使叶片内多胺的含量明显提高,然而, 相似文献
9.
土壤质量与土壤的生物学性质密切相关,施肥制度对土壤生物学特性的影响研究对土壤质量管理具有重要的意义。本文以沈阳农业大学长期肥料定位试验为基地,研究长期不同施肥制度对土壤理化性质,过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性和动力学特征的影响。主要研究结果:施用化肥、有机肥配施化肥降低土壤pH值,提高4种土壤全量养分(全C、全P、全S、全N)含量,有机肥配施化肥提高土壤速效N含量;低量化肥配施有机肥显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶活性及Vmax/Km值和Vmax值,低量化肥配施有机肥显著提高脱氢酶活性及Vmax/Km值,降低脱氢酶Km值。本文的研究表明,合理的化肥施用量及配施有机肥是提高土壤生物学活性的有效手段。 相似文献
10.
研究了无胁迫和NaCl胁迫条件下,同基因型二倍体葡萄4个脯氨酸累积变异系和对照系愈伤组织的过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果表明,在无胁迫条件下,葡萄脯氨酸累积变异系的CAT和SOD活性显著高于对照系,4个变异系的CAT活性分别是对照的2.41,2.30,2.29和2.13倍,SOD活性分别是对照的4.51,3.69,3.84和3.72倍。在一定浓度NaCl胁迫下,对照系和变异系的CAT和SOD活性都有一定的增加,变异系的CAT和SOD活性仍高于对照系。脯氨酸累积变异系CAT和SOD活性高是其对NaCl胁迫具有较强抗性的可能原因之一 相似文献